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狂

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
狂 U+72C2, 狂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72C2
← 狁
[U+72C1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 狃 →
[U+72C3]

Translingual

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Stroke order
Japan

Han character

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狂 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 大竹一土 (KHMG), four-corner 41214, composition ⿰犭王)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 707, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20287
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1120, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1334, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+72C2

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 狂

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 狂
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (王) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皇 *ɡʷaːŋ
惶 *ɡʷaːŋ
遑 *ɡʷaːŋ
堭 *ɡʷaːŋ
煌 *ɡʷaːŋ
餭 *ɡʷaːŋ
騜 *ɡʷaːŋ
艎 *ɡʷaːŋ
隍 *ɡʷaːŋ
湟 *ɡʷaːŋ
徨 *ɡʷaːŋ
篁 *ɡʷaːŋ
蝗 *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs
凰 *ɡʷaːŋ
偟 *ɡʷaːŋ
媓 *ɡʷaːŋ
韹 *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ
葟 *ɡʷaːŋ
皝 *ɡʷaːŋʔ
汪 *qʷaːŋ, *qʷaːŋs, *qʷaŋʔ
尪 *qʷaːŋ
迋 *kʷaŋʔ, *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs
逛 *kʷaŋʔ
誑 *kʷaŋs, *ɡʷaŋ, *kʷaŋs
匡 *kʰʷaŋ
筐 *kʰʷaŋ
框 *kʰʷaŋ
眶 *kʰʷaŋ
誆 *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs
邼 *kʰʷaŋ
恇 *kʰʷaŋ
劻 *kʰʷaŋ
洭 *kʰʷaŋ
軭 *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋ
狂 *ɡʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs
軖 *ɡʷaŋ
鵟 *ɡʷaŋ
俇 *ɡʷaŋʔ
王 *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs
蚟 *ɢʷaŋ
彺 *ɢʷaŋ
旺 *ɢʷaŋs
諻 *qʰʷraːŋ
喤 *qʰʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ
瑝 *ɡʷraːŋ
鍠 *ɡʷraːŋ
揘 *ɡʷaŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs) : semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 㞷 (). The latter is the ancient form of 往 (OC *ɢʷaŋ, “to go”).

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kông - literary;
  • kn̂g - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 狂
Mandarin Beijing /kʰuɑŋ³⁵/
Harbin /kʰuaŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /kʰuɑŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /kʰuaŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /kʰuaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /kʰuaŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /kʰuaŋ²⁴/
Xining /kʰuɔ̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /kʰuɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /kʰuɑ̃⁵³/
Ürümqi /kʰuɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /kʰuaŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /kʰuaŋ³¹/
Guiyang /kʰuaŋ²¹/
Kunming /kʰuã̠¹/
Nanjing /kʰuaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /kʰuɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰuɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /kʰuɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /kʰuɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /guɑ̃²³/
Suzhou /guɑ̃¹³/
Hangzhou /guɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑyɔ³¹/
Hui Shexian /kʰo⁴⁴/
Tunxi /kʰau⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /kuan¹³/
Xiangtan /guɔn¹²/
Gan Nanchang /kʰuɔŋ²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /kʰoŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /kʰoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰɔŋ²¹/
/kʰwɔŋ²¹/
Nanning /kʰɔŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /kʰwɔŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kɔŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kuoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰuaŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xuaŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 狂 狂
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 陽 (106) 陽 (106)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 巨王切 渠放切
Baxter gjwang gjwangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡʉɐŋ/ /ɡʉɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡʷiɐŋ/ /ɡʷiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiuɑŋ/ /ɡiuɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/guaŋ/ /guaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/ɡiuaŋ/ /ɡiuaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭwaŋ/ /ɡĭwaŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/giwaŋ/ /giwaŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		kuáng guàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		kwong4 gwong6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 狂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kuáng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjwang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ/
English mad, reckless

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 狂 狂
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 12732 12740
Phonetic
component 		王 王
Rime
group 		陽 陽
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		狂 狂
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡʷaŋ/ /*ɡʷaŋs/

Definitions

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狂

  1. (of dogs) to go crazy; to act aggressively
  2. mad; insane; crazy
  3. wildly arrogant; conceited; stiff-necked
  4. as one pleases; as one likes; whatever one wants; wildly
  5. (literary, or in compounds) violent; ferocious
  6. (literary, or in compounds) roaring; enormous
  7. (Southern Min) flustered; hurried
  8. (Eastern Min) to become angry
  9. (Southern Min) to be hot for; to be crazy about
  10. (Southern Min, of animal) to be in heat
  11. † Original form of 誑／诳 (kuáng, “to cheat; to deceive”).
  12. † Alternative form of 往 (“to go to”)

Synonyms

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  • (mad):
Dialectal synonyms of 瘋 (“mad; crazy; insane”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 痴, 狂, 癲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 瘋, 狂, 瘋癲, 瘋狂
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 瘋
Taiwan 瘋
Singapore 神經病, 有毛病
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 痴
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 瘋
Xi'an 瘋
Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 瘋
Southwestern Mandarin Wuhan 八面威, 八面
Guiyang 瘋
Liuzhou 癲
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 瘋
Cantonese Guangzhou 癲, 黐線, 黐筋, 黐孖筋, short
Hong Kong 癲, 黐線, 黐筋, 黐孖筋, 黐膠花, short, 黐總掣, 黐大掣
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 癲, 黐線
Penang (Guangfu) 癲, 黐線
Singapore (Guangfu) 癲, 黐線
Gan Nanchang 瘋
Hakka Meixian 癲
Eastern Min Fuzhou 癲, 癲脬
Southern Min Xiamen 痟
Quanzhou 痟
Yongchun 痟
Zhangzhou 痟, 魔
Zhao'an 痟
Tainan 痟
Penang (Hokkien) 痟
Singapore (Hokkien) 痟
Manila (Hokkien) 痟
Chaozhou 痟
Shantou 痟
Shantou (Chenghai) 痟
Shantou (Chaoyang) 痟
Jieyang 痟
Haifeng 癲
Singapore (Teochew) 痟
Leizhou 痟神
Wenchang 發痟
Singapore (Hainanese) 發痟
Wu Shanghai 痴
Shanghai (Chongming) 痴
Danyang 瘋
Hangzhou 瘋
Wenzhou 癲
Jinhua 癲
Xiang Loudi 瘋
  • (arrogant):
  • (as one pleases):
  • (violent):

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (狂):
  • → Vietnamese: cuồng (狂)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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狂

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. crazy; insane; mad

Readings

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Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

狂 (eumhun 미칠 광 (michil gwang))

  1. hanja form? of 광 (“insane, violent, mad, wild”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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狂: Hán Nôm readings: cuồng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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