son

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "son"

Translingual

Symbol

son

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Songhay languages.

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • (offspring, beget) IPA(key): /sʌn/
  • (Spanish borrowing) IPA(key): /sɒn/
  • Audio (UK):(file)
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌn, -ɒn
  • Homophone: sun

Etymology 1

From Middle English sonn, sone, sun, sune, from Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to bear; give birth”).

Noun

son (plural sons)

  1. One's male offspring.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:son
    Before the birth of the man's child, he said: "I want a son, not a daughter."
  2. A male adopted person in relation to his adoptive parents.
  3. A male person who has such a close relationship with an older or otherwise more authoritative person that he can be regarded as a son of the other person.
    (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  4. A male person considered to have been significantly shaped by some external influence.
    He was a son of the mafia system.
  5. A male descendant.
    The pharaohs were believed to be sons of the Sun.
  6. A familiar address to a male person from an older or otherwise more authoritative person.
  7. (UK, colloquial) An informal address to a friend or person of equal authority.
  8. (computing) The current version of a file, derived from the preceding father file.
    • 2004, Ray Bradley, The Ultimate Computing Glossary for Advanced Level, page 31:
      Three generations of file are usually kept, being the grandfather, father and son files.
    • 2007, O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney, Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008: Auditing and Attestation, page 779:
      After the update, the new file master file is the son. The file from which the father was developed with the transaction files of the appropriate day is the grandfather. The grandfather and son files are stored in different locations.
Antonyms
Hypernyms
Derived terms
Translations
See son/translations § Noun.

Etymology 2

From Middle English sonen, sunen, from the noun (see above).

Verb

son (third-person singular simple present sons, present participle sonning, simple past and past participle sonned)

  1. (transitive) To produce (i.e. bear, father, beget) a son.
    • 1997, Noel Polk, Outside the Southern Myth:
      I sonned a father who would not be sonned, […]
  2. (transitive) To address (someone) as "son".
    • 2005, Jerry Flesher, Tomorrow I'll Miss You:
      “Don't 'son' me.” “I'm old enough to be your father,” he said with a dismissive wave of his hand.
    • 2014, Stuart A. McKeever, Becoming Joey Fizz:
      “Son—now's not the time, please.” “It's the perfect time—it's the best time fucking time I ever had. There's not gonna be another time, so don't son me, you bastard. […] ”

Etymology 3

From Spanish son (literally “tone, sound”).

Noun

son (uncountable)

  2. (music) Son cubano, a genre of music and dance blending Spanish and African elements that originated in Cuba during the late 19th century.
    • 2017, Mark Kurlansky, Havana: A Subtropical Delirium‎[2], Bloomsbury, →ISBN:
      When son first emerged in the streets of Havana, in the early twentieth century, it was shut down by the police, as were most forms of African culture. Son groups, conjuntos, caught playing on the street, as was the tradition, had their instruments confiscated.

Further reading

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch zon, from Middle Dutch sonne, from Old Dutch sunna, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sóh₂wl̥.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

son

  1. Sun, sun (star of the solar system)

Derived terms

Aromanian

Etymology

From Latin sonus. Compare Daco-Romanian sun.

Noun

son n (plural sonuri)

  1. sound

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin sunt.

Verb

son

  1. third-person plural present indicative of ser

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic сон
Abjad سون

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *soŋ (“back, end”).[1] Compare Turkish son below.

Pronunciation

Noun

son (definite accusative sonu, plural sonlar)

  1. end, ending
    sonda isə başa düşdük ki... ― but at the end we understood that...
    Filmin sonunda əsas personaj ölür. ― The main character dies at the end of the movie.
    Synonym: axır
    Antonym: baş

Declension

    Declension of son
singular plural
nominative son
 sonlar
definite accusative sonu
 sonları
dative sona
 sonlara
locative sonda
 sonlarda
ablative sondan
 sonlardan
definite genitive sonun
 sonların
    Possessive forms of son
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sonum sonlarım
sənin (“your”) sonun sonların
onun (“his/her/its”) sonu sonları
bizim (“our”) sonumuz sonlarımız
sizin (“your”) sonunuz sonlarınız
onların (“their”) sonu or sonları sonları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sonumu sonlarımı
sənin (“your”) sonunu sonlarını
onun (“his/her/its”) sonunu sonlarını
bizim (“our”) sonumuzu sonlarımızı
sizin (“your”) sonunuzu sonlarınızı
onların (“their”) sonunu or sonlarını sonlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sonuma sonlarıma
sənin (“your”) sonuna sonlarına
onun (“his/her/its”) sonuna sonlarına
bizim (“our”) sonumuza sonlarımıza
sizin (“your”) sonunuza sonlarınıza
onların (“their”) sonuna or sonlarına sonlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sonumda sonlarımda
sənin (“your”) sonunda sonlarında
onun (“his/her/its”) sonunda sonlarında
bizim (“our”) sonumuzda sonlarımızda
sizin (“your”) sonunuzda sonlarınızda
onların (“their”) sonunda or sonlarında sonlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sonumdan sonlarımdan
sənin (“your”) sonundan sonlarından
onun (“his/her/its”) sonundan sonlarından
bizim (“our”) sonumuzdan sonlarımızdan
sizin (“your”) sonunuzdan sonlarınızdan
onların (“their”) sonundan or sonlarından sonlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sonumun sonlarımın
sənin (“your”) sonunun sonlarının
onun (“his/her/its”) sonunun sonlarının
bizim (“our”) sonumuzun sonlarımızın
sizin (“your”) sonunuzun sonlarınızın
onların (“their”) sonunun or sonlarının sonlarının

Derived terms

Adjective

son

  1. recent, latest
  2. last, final
    ötən əsrin son onilliyi ― last decade of the previous century
    Synonym: axırıncı

References

  1. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*soŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Catalan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Catalan son, from Vulgar Latin sum, reduced form of Latin suum, accusative of suus, from Proto-Italic *sowos. Compare Occitan and French son.

In unstressed position in Vulgar Latin suum, suam etc. were monosyllabic and regularly became son, sa etc. in Catalan. When stressed they were disyllabic and became seu, sua > seua etc.

Determiner

son m (feminine sa, masculine plural sos, feminine plural ses)

  1. his, her, its
  2. their
  3. your (alluding to vostè or vostès)
Usage notes

The use of son and the other possessive determiners is mostly archaic in the majority of dialects, with articulated possessive pronouns (e.g. el meu) mostly being used in their stead. However, mon, ton, and son are still widely used before certain nouns referring to family members and some affective nouns, such as amic, casa, and vida. Which nouns actually find use with the possessive determiners depends greatly on the locale.

The standard masculine plural form is sos, but sons can be found in some dialects.

In Algherese, son and its forms mainly give reference to vostè.

See also

References

El Català de l'Alguer : un model d'àmbit restringit, Barcelona, 2003, →ISBN, page 31

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Catalan son, from Latin somnus, from Proto-Indo-European *swépnos.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

son m (plural sons)

  1. sleep

Noun

son f (plural sons)

  1. sleepiness
    Synonym: somnolència
Derived terms

References

Danish

Verb

son

  1. imperative of sone

Faroese

Noun

son

  1. indefinite accusative singular of sonur

Finnish

Contraction

son

  1. (colloquial) Contraction of se on (“it is”).

French

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French son, suen, suon, from Latin sonus (the current form may be remade after or influenced by sonner).

Pronunciation

Noun

son m (plural sons)

  1. sound
    Le son de ce piano est agréable.
    The sound of this piano is nice.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle French son, from Old French son, from Vulgar Latin sum, a reduced/atonic variant of suus, suum, from Proto-Italic *sowos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewos, from *swé (“self”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɔ̃/, (before a vowel) /sɔ̃.n‿/, /sɔ.n‿/

Determiner

son m (feminine sa, plural ses)

  1. (possessive) his, her, their, its (used to qualify masculine nouns and before a vowel)
    Elle a perdu son chapeau.
    She lost her hat.
    Il a perdu son chapeau.
    He lost his hat.
    J’aime son amie.
    I like his/her girlfriend.
    La décision a été prise pendant son absence.
    The decision was taken in her/his absence.
Usage notes

Son is used before all singular nouns beginning with a vowel or a mute H, even those that are feminine. However, sa is used with singular feminine nouns beginning with an aspirated H.

Derived terms

Template:French possessive adjectives

Etymology 3

Inherited from Latin secundus (presumably through an earlier Old French form *seon; compare an attested Medieval Latin seonno, seonnum). Cognate with Catalan segó, Old Occitan segon. The meaning derives from the fact that bran results from a second sifting of flour. Doublet of second, a borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

son m (plural sons)

  1. bran
    Ceci est du pain de son.
    This bread is done with bran.

Further reading

Anagrams

Galician

Alternative forms

  • som (Reintegrationist)

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese sõo, son (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria, probably influenced by or possibly borrowed from Old Occitan son), from Latin sonus. Alternatively, regressively derived from the verb soar. Compare Portuguese som, Spanish son.

Pronunciation

Noun

son m (plural sons)

  1. sound
    • 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 561:
      Et começou o torneo a creçer tãto, et a seer o acapelamento tã grande, et a uolta et os braados et os alaridos et os sõos dos cornos et das tronpas tã grandes et tã esquiuos que ome nõ se podía oýr
      And the tournament began to grow so much, and the carnage was so large, and the din and the roars and the yells and the sounds of the horns and of the trumpets so big and harsh that a man couldn't heard himself
    • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 69:
      Et pasando porllos ditos, hu ha gran roido et gran soon se se o Cauallo espantar no no deuen ferir con açorregos, nen con vara, nen con espora, mais deuen no trager mansamente, con hũa cana afaagandoo et lleuandoo porllos ditos llugares a miude
      And passing by the mentioned places, where there is big noise and big sound, if the horse frightens, they should not wound him with whips nor with a stick, nor with spoor, rather they should bring him meekly, fondling him with a twig and taking him through this places often

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

  • som (Reintegrationist)
  • são (Reintegrationist)

Pronunciation

Verb

son

  1. inflection of ser:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. third-person plural present indicative
    Son parvo ― I'm stupid
    Son parvos ― They're stupid

References

German

Pronunciation

Pronoun

son

  1. Alternative form of so'n
    • 1857, Der Glücksstern. Novelle von Julie Burow (Frau Pfannenschmidt), Bromberg, page 95:
      „[...] Macht Platz Leute! en Wagen wär' so übel nicht in soner Hitze.“
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Further reading

  • “son” in Duden online
  • “son” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Icelandic

Noun

son

  1. indefinite accusative singular of sonur

Irish

Noun

son

  1. Only used in ar son

Istriot

Verb

son

  1. first-person singular present indicative of ièsi
  2. second-person singular present indicative of ièsi
    • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 29:
      Ti son la manduleîna inzucherada.
      You are the sugared almond.

Japanese

Romanization

son

  1. Rōmaji transcription of そん

Ladin

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Verb

son

  1. first-person singular present indicative of ester

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Verb

son

  1. third-person singular present indicative of ester

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

Noun

son m ?

  1. (archaic) swan (waterfowl of genus Cygnus)

Declension

Declension of son
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative son sona sony
Genitive sona sonowu sonow
Dative sonoju sonoma sonam
Accusative sona sonowu sony, sonow
Instrumental sonom sonoma sonami
Locative sonje sonoma sonach

Synonyms

Manx

Alternative forms

Etymology

A contraction of er son, from Middle Irish ar son of unknown etymology. Cognate to Irish ar son and Scottish Gaelic airson; see the Irish entry for further etymology.

Preposition

son

  1. for
    Cur booise da Jee son dty hlaynt.
    Thank God for your health.
    Eeckee oo son shen.
    You'll pay for that.
    C're vees ain son jinnair?
    What shall we have for dinner?
  2. by
    Dy cadjin ta mee ec y thie son queig er y chlag.
    I'm usually home by five o'clock.
  3. (used with verbal noun) want
    Cha nel ee son credjal yn irriney.
    She doesn't want to believe the truth.
    Cha nel eh son poosey.
    He's not the marrying kind.
    As myr shen, bee oo son gee?
    You'll be wanting to eat, then?

Usage notes

Not used with pronouns. See er son for inflected forms.

Derived terms

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

son

  1. Alternative form of sonne (“sun”)

Etymology 2

Noun

son

  1. Alternative form of sone (“son”)

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French son.

Noun

son m (plural sons)

  1. sound

Descendants

  • French: son

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *sonë.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Pronoun

son

  1. he, she, it

Inflection

Inflection of son (irregular)
Nominative son
Genitive sū
Nominative son
Genitive sū
Accusative sū
Illative sutnje
Locative sūs
Comitative suinna
Essive sūnin

See also

Personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person mun moai mii
2nd person don doai dii
3rd person son soai sii

Further reading

  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[3], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sonr, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.

Noun

son m (definite singular sonen, indefinite plural søner, definite plural sønene)

  1. a son
    Han hadde to søner.
    He had two sons.

Derived terms

References

Occitan

Etymology 1

Determiner

son m sg (feminine singular sa, masculine plural sos, feminine plural sas)

  1. his; her; its
    Synonyms: seu, sieu

Etymology 2

Verb

son

  1. third-person plural present indicative of èsser

Old English

Etymology

From Latin sonus.

Pronunciation

Noun

sōn m

  1. a musical sound; vocal, instrumental

Derived terms

References

Old French

Alternative forms

  • soun (Anglo-Norman)
  • sun (Anglo-Norman)

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin sum, a reduced/atonic variant of Latin suum.

Pronunciation

Determiner

son m (feminine sa, plural ses)

  1. his/hers/its (third-person singular possessive)

Descendants

  • Middle French: son

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sān (“immediately”). Cognates include Old English sōna, Old Saxon sān and Old Dutch *sān.

Pronunciation

Adverb

sōn

  1. soon

References

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Old Irish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin sonus.

Pronunciation

Noun

son m

  1. sound
Inflection
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative son sonL suinL
Vocative suin sonL sunuH
Accusative sonN sonL sunuH
Genitive suinL son sonN
Dative sunL sonaib sonaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Etymology 2

Pronoun

son

  1. Alternative spelling of són

Mutation

Mutation of son
radical lenition nasalization
son ṡon unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Old Norse

Noun

son

  1. accusative singular of sonr

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse sonr, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz.

Noun

son m

  1. son

Declension

Declension of son (u-stem)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative son son syni(r), -e(r) synini(r), -ene(r)
accusative son sonin syni, -e synina, -ena
dative syni, -e syninum, -enom sonum, -om sonumin, -omen
genitive sona(r) sonsins sona sonanna

Descendants

Scots

Etymology

From Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from *sewH- (“to bear, give birth”).

Pronunciation

Noun

son (plural sons)

  1. son, male child

Derived terms

Derived terms

Scottish Gaelic

Noun

son m (indeclinable)

  1. sake, account
    Dèan seo air ar son.
    Do this for us/for our sake.
    Dèan seo air mo shon.
    Do this for me/for my sake.

Usage notes

Note that a grammaticalised unit meaning ‘for’ is formed by a prepositional phrase combining the preposition air / ar with a nominal or pronominal argument and son. (These structures are sometimes called ‘compound prepositions’.)

Derived terms

Preposition

son (+ genitive)

  1. Colloquial form of airson.

Skolt Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *sonë.

Pronoun

son

  1. he, she, it

Inflection

Declension of son
singular dual plural
nominative son suäna sij
genitive suu suännai sij
accusative suu suännaid siʹjjid
illative suʹnne suännaid siʹjjid
locative suʹst suännast siiʹst
comitative suin suännain siʹjjivuiʹm
abessive suutää suännaitää siʹjjitää
essive suuʹnen suännan —
partitive suuʹđed — —

Further reading

  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈson/ [ˈsõn]
  • Rhymes: -on
  • Syllabification: son

Etymology 1

From Latin sonus, probably through the intermediate of Old Occitan son (or influenced by it); alternatively, but less likely, regressively derived from the verb sonar (the more expected form is sueno that appeared in some Medieval texts).[1] Compare English sound and Portuguese som.

Noun

son m (plural sones)

  1. tone (pleasant sound)
  2. (music, genre, uncountable) son (Afro-Cuban musical form)
    Synonym: son cubano
  3. (music) musical composition in this form
Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

son

  1. third-person plural present indicative of ser

Further reading

References

  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “son”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English Sun (from Middle English sunne, from Old English sunne (“sun; the Sun”)) or Dutch zon (from Middle Dutch sonne (“sun”), from Old Dutch sunna), both from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂un-, *sóh₂wl̥.

Noun

son

  1. Sun

Derived terms

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish son, sun, from Old Norse sonr, sunr from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús. Masculine in Late Modern Swedish.

Pronunciation

Noun

son c

  1. son; someone's male child
Declension
Declension of son
nominative genitive
singular indefinite son sons
definite sonen sonens
plural indefinite söner söners
definite sönerna sönernas
Antonyms
  • -son (see there for more derivations)

References

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

son

  1. definite singular of so

Anagrams

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish صوڭ (soŋ, “end, consequence”), from Proto-Turkic *soŋ (“back, end, after”).

Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (soŋ, “after; late”); Tatar, Kazakh, Kyrgyz соң (soñ), Southern Altai соҥ (soŋ), Uzbek so'ng (“after”), Yakut онтон (onton, “then”).

Adjective

son

  1. last, final
    Antonym: ilk

Noun

son (definite accusative sonu, plural sonlar)

  1. end, ending
    Mutlu sonum. (stress on the first syllable: sonum) ― I am the happy ending.
    Mutlu sonum (stress on the final syllable: sonum) ― My happy ending
  2. consequence, result, conclusion

Declension

Inflection
Nominative son
Definite accusative sonu
Singular Plural
Nominative son sonlar
Definite accusative sonu sonları
Dative sona sonlara
Locative sonda sonlarda
Ablative sondan sonlardan
Genitive sonun sonların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular sonum sonlarım
2nd singular sonun sonların
3rd singular sonu sonları
1st plural sonumuz sonlarımız
2nd plural sonunuz sonlarınız
3rd plural sonları sonları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular sonumu sonlarımı
2nd singular sonunu sonlarını
3rd singular sonunu sonlarını
1st plural sonumuzu sonlarımızı
2nd plural sonunuzu sonlarınızı
3rd plural sonlarını sonlarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular sonuma sonlarıma
2nd singular sonuna sonlarına
3rd singular sonuna sonlarına
1st plural sonumuza sonlarımıza
2nd plural sonunuza sonlarınıza
3rd plural sonlarına sonlarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular sonumda sonlarımda
2nd singular sonunda sonlarında
3rd singular sonunda sonlarında
1st plural sonumuzda sonlarımızda
2nd plural sonunuzda sonlarınızda
3rd plural sonlarında sonlarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular sonumdan sonlarımdan
2nd singular sonundan sonlarından
3rd singular sonundan sonlarından
1st plural sonumuzdan sonlarımızdan
2nd plural sonunuzdan sonlarınızdan
3rd plural sonlarından sonlarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular sonumun sonlarımın
2nd singular sonunun sonlarının
3rd singular sonunun sonlarının
1st plural sonumuzun sonlarımızın
2nd plural sonunuzun sonlarınızın
3rd plural sonlarının sonlarının
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular sonum sonlarım
2nd singular sonsun sonlarsın
3rd singular son
sondur 		sonlar
sonlardır
1st plural sonuz sonlarız
2nd plural sonsunuz sonlarsınız
3rd plural sonlar sonlardır

Uzbek

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

son (plural sonlar)

  1. thigh

Venetian

Verb

son

  1. first-person singular present indicative of èser

Vietnamese

Etymology

This word had initial *k-r- in Old Vietnamese.

Pronunciation

Adjective

son • (侖, 倫, 崙, 󱏟, 󰅬, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𪳔, 𧹪, 𪿽, 󱠟)

  1. vermilion
    rệp son ― a cochineal
  2. (literary) unshakable; firm

Noun

(classifier thỏi, cây (“lipstick”)) son • (侖, 倫, 崙, 󱏟, 󰅬, 𣗾, 𣘈, 𪳔, 𧹪, 𪿽, 󱠟)

  1. red cosmetic
  2. (by extension) lipstick

See also

Derived terms

Volapük

Pronunciation

Noun

son (nominative plural sons)

  1. son

Declension

declension of son
singular plural
nominative son sons
genitive sona sonas
dative sone sones
accusative soni sonis
vocative 1 o son! o sons!
predicative 2 sonu sonus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Synonyms

Hypernyms

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

See also

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *soːlᴬ (“to teach”). Cognate with Thai สอน (sɔ̌ɔn), Northern Thai ᩈᩬᩁ, Lao ສອນ (sǭn), Lü ᦉᦸᧃ (ṡoan), Tai Dam ꪎꪮꪙ, Shan သွၼ် (sǎun), Tai Nüa ᥔᥩᥢᥴ (sóan), Ahom 𑜏𑜨𑜃𑜫 (son).

Pronunciation

Verb

son (1957–1982 spelling son)

  1. to teach
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