Yvette Clarke

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Yvette D. Clarke
Image of Yvette D. Clarke

Democratic Party

U.S. House New York District 9
Tenure

2013 - Present

Term ends

2025

Years in position

11

Predecessor
Prior offices
New York City Council
U.S. House New York District 11
Successor: Michael Grimm

Compensation

Base salary

$174,000

Net worth

(2012) $105,003.50

Elections and appointments
Last elected

November 5, 2024

Education

Bachelor's

Oberlin College

Personal
Religion
African Methodist Episcopal
Profession
Economic Development Specialist
Contact

Official website

Official Facebook

Official Twitter

Official Instagram

Official YouTube

Campaign website

Campaign Facebook

Campaign Twitter

Campaign Instagram

Personal Instagram

Personal LinkedIn 

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Yvette D. Clarke (Democratic Party) is a member of the U.S. House, representing New York's 9th Congressional District. She assumed office on January 3, 2013. Her current term ends on January 3, 2025.

Clarke (Democratic Party) ran for re-election to the U.S. House to represent New York's 9th Congressional District. She won in the general election on November 5, 2024.

Clarke was first elected to the U.S. House in 2006. She represented New York's 11th Congressional District from 2007 to 2013. Due to redistricting, Clarke was moved to New York's 9th Congressional District in the 2012 election.

Prior to her election to the U.S. House, Clarke was a member of the New York City Council from 2000 to 2007. She was an executive assistant at the New York state Workers’ Compensation Board from 1992 to 1993.

Biography

Clarke was born in Brooklyn, N.Y.. She attended Oberlin College from 1982 to 1986, but did not finish her degree.[1]

Prior to her election to the New York City Council, Clarke served as director of business development for the Bronx Empowerment Zone (BOEDC).[2]

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Clarke's academic, professional, and political career:[3]

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2023-2024

Clarke was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

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2021-2022

Clarke was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

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}

2019-2020

Clarke was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

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}

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Clarke was assigned to the following committees:[4]

2015-2016

Clarke served on the following committees:[5]

2013-2014

Clarke served on the following committees:[6]

2011-2012

Clarke served on the following committees:[7]

  • Homeland Security Committee
    • Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies (Ranking Member)
    • Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Management
  • Small Business Committee
    • Subcommittee on Economic Growth, Tax and Capital Access
    • Subcommittee on Contracting and Workforce

Elections

2024

See also: New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2024

New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Democratic primary)

New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 9

Incumbent Yvette D. Clarke defeated Menachem Raitport in the general election for U.S. House New York District 9 on November 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Yvette D. Clarke
Yvette D. Clarke (D)
 
73.9
 
160,481
Image of Menachem Raitport
Menachem Raitport (R / Conservative Party)
 
26.1
 
56,614

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source

Total votes: 217,095
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Incumbent Yvette D. Clarke advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Menachem Raitport advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Menachem Raitport advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Endorsements

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Ballotpedia did not identify endorsements for Clarke in this election.

2020

See also: New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2020

New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Republican primary)

New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 9

Incumbent Yvette D. Clarke defeated Constantine Jean-Pierre, Gary Popkin, and Joel Anabilah-Azumah in the general election for U.S. House New York District 9 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Yvette D. Clarke
Yvette D. Clarke (D / Working Families Party) Candidate Connection
 
83.0
 
230,221
Image of Constantine Jean-Pierre
Constantine Jean-Pierre (R / Conservative Party) Candidate Connection
 
15.9
 
43,950
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Gary Popkin (L) Candidate Connection
 
0.6
 
1,644
Image of Joel Anabilah-Azumah
Joel Anabilah-Azumah (Serve America Movement Party) Candidate Connection
 
0.4
 
1,052
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
381

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 277,248
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Watch the Candidate Conversation for this race!

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 9

Incumbent Yvette D. Clarke defeated Adem Bunkeddeko, Isiah James, Chaim M. Deutsch, and Lutchi Gayot in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 9 on June 23, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Yvette D. Clarke
Yvette D. Clarke Candidate Connection
 
54.2
 
52,293
Image of Adem Bunkeddeko
Adem Bunkeddeko
 
24.7
 
23,819
Image of Isiah James
Isiah James Candidate Connection
 
10.4
 
10,010
Image of Chaim M. Deutsch
Chaim M. Deutsch
 
9.7
 
9,383
Image of Lutchi Gayot
Lutchi Gayot
 
0.9
 
843
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
142

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 96,490
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Constantine Jean-Pierre advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Constantine Jean-Pierre advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Gary Popkin advanced from the Libertarian primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Serve America Movement Party primary election

The Serve America Movement Party primary election was canceled. Joel Anabilah-Azumah advanced from the Serve America Movement Party primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Judith Goldiner advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 9.

Endorsements

To see a list of endorsements for Yvette Clarke, click here.

2018

See also: New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 9

Incumbent Yvette D. Clarke defeated Lutchi Gayot and Joel Anabilah-Azumah in the general election for U.S. House New York District 9 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Yvette D. Clarke
Yvette D. Clarke (D) Candidate Connection
 
89.3
 
181,455
Image of Lutchi Gayot
Lutchi Gayot (R)
 
10.3
 
20,901
Image of Joel Anabilah-Azumah
Joel Anabilah-Azumah (Reform Party)
 
0.4
 
779

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 203,135
(100.00% precincts reporting)
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 9

Incumbent Yvette D. Clarke defeated Adem Bunkeddeko in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 9 on June 26, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Yvette D. Clarke
Yvette D. Clarke Candidate Connection
 
53.0
 
16,202
Image of Adem Bunkeddeko
Adem Bunkeddeko
 
47.0
 
14,350

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.

Total votes: 30,552
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 9

Lutchi Gayot advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 9 on June 26, 2018.

Candidate
✔
Image of Lutchi Gayot
Lutchi Gayot

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Reform Party primary election

Reform Party primary for U.S. House New York District 9

Joel Anabilah-Azumah advanced from the Reform Party primary for U.S. House New York District 9 on June 26, 2018.

Candidate
✔
Image of Joel Anabilah-Azumah
Joel Anabilah-Azumah

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2016

See also: New York's 9th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Yvette Clarke (D) defeated Alan Bellone (Conservative) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Neither candidate faced any opposition in the primaries on June 28, 2016.[8][9]

U.S. House, New York District 9 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngYvette Clarke Incumbent 92.4% 214,189
     Conservative Alan Bellone 7.6% 17,576
Total Votes 231,765
Source: New York Board of Elections

2014

See also: New York's 9th Congressional District elections, 2014

In 2014, Clarke won re-election to the U.S. House to represent New York's 9th District. Clarke ran unopposed for the Democratic and Working Families Party nominations in the primary on June 24, 2014. She defeated Daniel Cavanagh (Conservative) in the general election.[10] The general election took place on November 4, 2014.

U.S. House, New York District 9 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngYvette Clarke Incumbent 89.3% 82,659
     Conservative Daniel Cavanagh 10.5% 9,727
     N/A Write-in votes 0.2% 183
Total Votes 92,569
Source: New York State Board of Elections, NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns November 4, 2014," accessed August 30, 2021

2012

See also: New York's 9th Congressional District elections, 2012

Clarke won re-election in 2012, but due to New York's redistricting, she ran in the newly redrawn 9th District. Attorney Sylvia Kinard challenged Clarke in the June 26 Democratic primary. Clarke won the primary and defeated Daniel Cavanagh (R) and Vivia Morgan (G) in the general election on November 6, 2012.[11][12]

President Barack Obama backed Clarke.[13] He said that Clarke had worked "to give a voice to the voiceless, whether it was improving educational opportunity for children, expanding access to healthcare for women in need, or helping small businesses expand and add new jobs."[14]

U.S. House, New York District 9 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngYvette Clarke Incumbent 87.2% 186,141
     Republican Daniel Cavanagh 11.3% 24,164
     Green Vivia Morgan 1.4% 2,991
     N/A Write-in votes 0.1% 135
Total Votes 213,431
Source: New York State Board of Elections, "NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012," accessed September 1, 2021
U.S. House, New York District 9 Democratic Primary, 2012
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngYvette Clarke Incumbent 88.3% 11,903
Sylvia Kinard 11.7% 1,584
Total Votes 13,487

Full history


Campaign themes

2024

Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Yvette D. Clarke did not complete Ballotpedia's 2024 Candidate Connection survey.

2020

Candidate Connection

Yvette D. Clarke completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2020. The survey questions appear in bold and are followed by Clarke's responses. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

Expand all | Collapse all

My name is Yvette D. Clarke and I am a proud public servant. Following in the footsteps of my mother before me, I have committed my life to protecting the interests of others and lending my voice to those who have struggled to be heard for so long. If re-elected, I pledge to continue this work by fighting for the progressive future that will give the federal government the means it needs to best protect the people most in need.

  • The affordable housing crisis has created an unprecedented level of economic anxiety for millions of Americans struggling to find affordable solutions. As the last 40 years have proven, the private market does not have the capacity to provide the solutions that the general public needs to thrive in this increasingly demanding economy. Because only the federal government has both the scale and the lack of a profit motive necessary to provide affordable housing for all of those that need it, we must leverage the development power of the federal government to make sure Americans can afford safe, quality homes.
  • No one in the United States should have to go through life without healthcare insurance or risk financial ruin because of medical debts. Put plainly, denying people the healthcare coverage that acts as a prerequisite to preserving their right to life denies their basic human dignity. We have a responsibility to move towards a Medicare for All system that does not allow anyone to fall through the cracks.
  • No matter how much Trump may try, the United States will not abandon its roots as a nation of immigrants. The American Experiment has always been defined by the constant struggle necessary to help make a nation of immigrants as social cohesive as possible - a struggle that matters now more than ever. As a member of the Homeland Security Committee, I have worked tirelessly to protect the undocumented and their families from undue persecution at the hands of the federal government and will continue to do so if re-elected.

In keeping with my legislative priority of protecting constituents against domination and exploitation, I am most concerned with the policy areas that most often undermine the ability for individuals to participate freely in the American system. Specifically, I focus my legislative agenda on issues that have created structural inequities throughout the American public. Housing and healthcare policy in particular sit at the intersection between individual freedoms and collective responsibility. Without access to affordable housing solutions, we doom families to lives defined by economic precarity that incentivizes dangerous decisions that undermine the likelihood of personal success in life. Similarly, healthcare policy impacts every American and has historically had an outsized impact on their ability to participate in the economy free from domination. As the former leading cause of personal bankruptcy, anything less than a Medicare for All system will continue to make households vulnerable to financial ruin due to a single hospitalization. Finding innovative solutions in these two policy areas would largely reorient the American economy providing considerably more opportunity for those that have historically been denied a chance at upward mobility.

I proudly look up to the black women who have come before me as public servants in Brooklyn. My mother first sparked my interest in public service acting as a living example of the innumerable benefits to serving others. Watching her serve our community allowed me to grow up in an environment that expected proactive engagement as a minimum requirement in life. Similarly, watching the great Shirley Chisolm provide an example to the limitless potential for black women inspired me to do everything I can to do the same for other little black girls around the world. In a society that all too often looks down upon people that look like you and villianizes the features you see in the mirror every day, it becomes easy to feel inadequate, less than for any number of reasons. Congresswoman Chisolm showed me and so many others that even if they do not invite you to take a seat at the table, you have a responsibility to bring your own folding chair to make your voice heard.

With the primary responsibility of promoting the interests of their constituents, the most important characteristic for an elected official to have is the ability to listen to people. If a representative does not proactively seek out the opinions and concerns of their constituents, they cannot hope to effectively do their job in Washington. Similarly, elected officials must have the ability to speak truth to power without the fear of retribution or political fallout. Failure to speak truth to power almost categorically leads to institutional corruption by making it easier to adopt the conventional wisdom of the moment rather than forge a new path forward. If you cannot stick to your principles in the face of political opposition, you cannot effectively advocate for your constituents interests.

By definition, the primary job of any elected official is the advocate for the interests of their constituents. For a congressional representative, they have the dual responsibility of directly servicing constituents by aiding them in their interactions with the federal government as well as promoting a vision for the country that supports their interests. As a member from a more progressive district that will likely safely remain in Democratic hands for the foreseeable future, I also have the added mandate of defining a progressive future that can win over the American public. Taken together, this would allow the nation to move forward in a more progressive direction promoting a more equitable society.

More than any other institution in government, when properly incentivized and insulated from the corrupting influence of monied interests, the House of Representatives does genuinely have the capacity to reflect the will of the American people. In a world of highly scientific data collection, it becomes increasingly difficult to have confidence in a select group of individuals to gauge public opinion. Considering the abysmal approval rating of the legislative boy, it comes as no surprise that many would question Congress' commitment to promoting the interests of the general public. However, when operating as intended no other institution has a similar singular responsibility to act to promote the interests of the American public.

Government experience is beneficial for representatives if for no other reason than that legislating is at the end of the day a job. Like any other job, especially one as removed from other industries as public service, working in government requires mastering skills specific to working in government. On the congressional level, this includes not only the parliamentary specifics of a given chamber but also identifying the pressure points necessary to promote actioning your agenda. While the basic interpersonal skills that make a representative give at their job can be developed away from Capitol Hill, it would be difficult to understand how to effectively navigate Congress without having first hand experience doing so.

In the aftermath of the Trump Administration, the United States will face the immediate existential challenge of determining our commitment to the rule of law. Trump's tenure in office amounted to an ongoing, relentless assault on the fundamental principle that no one exists above the law in the United States. In the last few months, after he survived the last constitutional check that stood in his way, Trump has made this assault absolute by firing a flurry of inspector generals to insulate his administration from oversight of any kind. We will need to work hard to codify the many protections against corruption that have historically been upheld by tradition alone.

Beyond this immediate crisis, we will also need to begin to take the hard steps necessary to stem the tide of climate change. In order to avoid the worst, irreversible damage that climate change will cause, we must begin now to reorganize our society to meet the scope of this challenge. We will need to allocate trillions of dollars to retrofit buildings, upgrade our power grid to accommodate renewables, and make our nation's infrastructure more climate resilient. If we do not begin to accumulate the public and institutional support necessary to take these seismic steps, we will doom ourselves to a slow moving oblivion that saps the vitality from our society over time.

My current committees allow me to have the most amount of say on issue areas closest to the hearts of my constituents. Energy & Commerce has the most expansive jurisdiction of any House committee overseeing agencies as disparate as the FTC and HHS. Maintaining legislative jurisdiction over such an expansive committee gives me the opportunity to voice the concerns of my constituents on a large swath of issues that might have a direct impact on their lives that might otherwise go undiscussed. Similarly, the Homeland Security Committee has jurisdiction over an issue of outsized importance in my district: immigration. With one of the largest foreign-born populations in the district with many members of the Caribbean Diaspora in particular, my membership on the Homeland committee gives me a voice on the issues that dictates my constituent's ability to live comfortably in their own homes and interact with their loved ones abroad.

Two years give representatives the ability to work diligently towards legislative goals that they may have while the periodic spectre of elections helps mitigate the possibility of institutional corruption.

I am not necessarily opposed to the idea of using term limits as a method of ensuring no one can ingratiate themselves so deeply in government that they can begin to change the rules to further entrench their power. However, in a large legislative body such as ours it seems unlikely if not impossible that anyone can secure the undue amount of power necessary to thoroughly entrench themselves in offices. If they continue to serve the interests of their constituents leading to their consistent reelection, I believe that long-tenured members can provide the institutional knowledge necessary to facilitate the legislative process.

I try to model my work in office after my predecessor representing the 9th District area of Brooklyn - Congresswoman Shirley Chisolm. Unbowed and unbossed, Shirley Chilsom always put the interests of her constituents first and refused to allow anyone to silence her. Whenever necessary, regardless of the potential political costs of her actions, she never failed to stand up for the less fortunate and less powerful leveraging her position to the benefit of so many others. I hope to live by this example of exemplary leadership through public service every day.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.



2018

Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Candidate Connection

Yvette D. Clarke completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. The survey questions appear in bold and are followed by Clarke's responses.

What would be your top three priorities, if elected?

1) Comprehensive Immigration Reform 2) Affordable Housing 3) Women's Issues

What areas of public policy are you personally passionate about?

1) Immigration reform 2) Cybersecurity 3) Issues concerning women and girls

What characteristics or principles are most important for an elected official?

Honesty, integrity, vision, empathy and love of public service.

What do you believe are the core responsibilities for someone elected to this office?

Representing the interests of the constituents they represent. Putting the needs of the community above that of special interests. Showing up and fighting for the issues that mean the most to constituents and their families.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.


2012

Clarke listed the following campaign themes on her website:[18]

  • Increase rent assistance from HUD to low and moderate income households
  • Expand and preserve public housing programs
  • Ease the credit crunch affecting current and prospective homeowners
  • Pass an economic stimulus plan
  • Provide tax-relief for the middle-class and small businesses
  • Help promote business opportunities, especially for women and minorities
  • Reform and fully fund No Child Left Behind
  • Provide 21st training for teachers and school administrators
  • Increase funding for college education
  • Invest more resources in safeguarding America’s infrastructure
  • Improve the communication system for first responders
  • Reform the center that oversees the terrorist watch list
  • Reform immigration policy in the spirit of the American Dream
  • Uphold the American tradition of an open border
  • Stop deporting the parents of citizens, leaving them orphaned
  • Work with the Obama Administration to accomplish the goals of the recent Immigration Policy Change.
  • Preserve the freedom to organize
  • Improve workplace safety
  • Protect workers from the effects of a changing economic climate

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by Yvette D. Clarke
EndorseeElectionStageOutcome
Kamala D. Harris  source  (D, Working Families Party) President of the United States (2024) PrimaryLost General
Jamaal Bowman  source  (D, Working Families Party) U.S. House New York District 16 (2024) PrimaryWithdrew in General
Hillary Clinton  source  (D) President of the United States (2016) PrimaryLost General

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, at which point Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023
Vote Bill and description Status
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (310-118)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (227-201)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (217-215)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (328-86)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (225-204)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (219-200)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (229-197)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (314-117)
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.) Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) (216-212)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (216-210)
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.) Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) (220-209)
Red x.svg Nay Yes check.svg Passed (221-212)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (311-114)


Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Issues

American response in Syria

See also: United States involvement in Syria

On August 29, 2013, 53 House Democrats signed a letter written by California Rep. Barbara Lee that called for a congressional resolution on strikes and cautioned that the situation in Syria "should not draw us into an unwise war—especially without adhering to our constitutional requirements."[177][178] The letter also called on the Obama administration to work with the U.N. Security Council “to build international consensus” condemning the alleged use of chemical weapons. Clarke was one of the 53 Democrats in the House to sign the letter.[177][178]

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Yvette D. Clarke campaign contribution history
YearOfficeStatusContributionsExpenditures
2024* U.S. House New York District 9Won general$870,806 $815,606
2022U.S. House New York District 9Won general$796,961 $805,877
2020U.S. House New York District 9Won general$1,215,129 $1,205,205
2018U.S. House New York District 9Won general$1,092,047 $1,111,543
2016U.S. House, New York District 9Won $662,740 N/A**
2014U.S. House (New York, District 9)Won $624,079 N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Personal Gain Index

Congressional Personal Gain Index graphic.png
See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives
Net Worth Metric graphic.png

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Clarke's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $35,007 and $175,000. That averages to $105,003.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Democratic representatives in 2012 of $5,700,168.36. Clarke ranked as the 380th most wealthy representative in 2012.[179] Between 2007 and 2012, Clarke's calculated net worth increased from $0 to $105,003. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[180]

Yvette Clarke Yearly Net Worth
YearAverage Net Worth
2007$0
2012$105,003
Growth from 2007 to 2012:N/A
Average annual growth:N/A
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[181]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Clarke received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Building Trade Unions industry.

From 2003-2014, 22.02 percent of Clarke's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[182]

Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png
Yvette Clarke Campaign Contributions
Total Raised $3,235,824
Total Spent $3,122,487
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Building Trade Unions$169,950
Public Sector Unions$164,451
Lawyers/Law Firms$141,410
Health Professionals$125,927
Real Estate$110,785
% total in top industry5.25%
% total in top two industries10.33%
% total in top five industries22.02%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Clarke was a far-left Democrat as of August 2014.[183] This was the same rating Clarke received in June 2013.

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[184]

Clarke most often votes with:

Clarke least often votes with:


Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Clark missed 368 of 6,889 roll call votes from January 2007 to September 2015. This amounted to 5.3 percent, which was higher than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.[183]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Clarke paid her congressional staff a total of $1,056,244 in 2011. Overall, New York ranked 28th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[185]

Staff bonuses

According to an analysis by CNN, Clarke was one of nearly 25 percent of House members who gave their staff bonuses in 2012. Clarke's staff was given an apparent $36,375.20 in bonus money.[186]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress.

2013

Clarke ranked 59th in the liberal rankings in 2013.[187]

2012

Clarke ranked first in the liberal rankings in 2012.[188]

2011

Clarke ranked 26th in the liberal rankings in 2011.[189]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Clarke voted with the Democratic Party 94.3 percent of the time, which ranked 60th among the 204 House Democratic members as of August 2014.[190]

2013

Clarke voted with the Democratic Party 93.9 percent of the time, which ranked 92nd among the 201 House Democratic members as of June 2013.[191]

Personal

Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Clarke currently resides in the neighborhood where she grew up, the Flatbush section of Brooklyn.[192]

See also

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    Footnotes

    1. ↑ Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "CLARKE, Yvette Diane, (1964 - )," accessed December 16, 2011
    2. ↑ Yvette D. Clarke For Congress, "About Yvette Clarke," accessed December 16, 2011
    3. ↑ Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "CLARKE, Yvette Diane, (1964 - )," accessed February 12, 2015
    4. ↑ U.S. House Clerk, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017
    5. ↑ U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk, "Committee Information," accessed February 20, 2015
    6. ↑ CQ.com, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed March 3, 2013
    7. ↑ U.S. Congresswoman Yvette D. Clarke, Proudly Serving New York's 11th District, "Committee Assignments," accessed December 16, 2011 (dead link)
    8. ↑ New York State Board of Elections, "Filings received for the 2016 Primary Election," accessed May 15, 2016
    9. ↑ Politico, "New York House Races Results," June 28, 2016
    10. ↑ Politico, "2014 New York House Election Results," accessed November 7, 2014
    11. ↑ AP/CSPAN, "New York-Summary Vote Report," accessed June 26, 2012
    12. ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, New York," accessed November 7, 2012
    13. ↑ Capital New York, "Obama endorses Nydia Velazquez," accessed June 15, 2012
    14. ↑ New York Daily News blog, "Nothing Like A Little Support From The Prez To Get People Talking," accessed June 14, 2012
    15. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
    16. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
    17. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
    18. ↑ Campaign website, "Issues," accessed September 25, 2012
    19. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 23, 2024
    20. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.185 - To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes." accessed February 23, 2024
    21. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2811 - Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024
    22. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Con.Res.9 - Denouncing the horrors of socialism." accessed February 23, 2024
    23. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - Lower Energy Costs Act," accessed February 23, 2024
    24. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.30 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to 'Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights'." accessed February 23, 2024
    25. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.7 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020." accessed February 23, 2024
    26. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024
    27. ↑ Congress.gov, "Roll Call 20," accessed February 23, 2024
    28. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.," accessed February 23, 2024
    29. ↑ Congress.gov, "Roll Call 527," accessed February 23, 2024
    30. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant." accessed February 23, 2024
    31. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Res.878 - Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives." accessed February 23, 2024
    32. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3684 - Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act," accessed April 15, 2022
    33. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1319 - American Rescue Plan Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
    34. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.5376 - Inflation Reduction Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
    35. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3617 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act," accessed January 20, 2023
    36. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - For the People Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
    37. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1808 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
    38. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.1605 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022," accessed April 15, 2022
    39. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.7776 - James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023," accessed January 20, 2023
    40. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
    41. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.3373 - Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
    42. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.4346 - Chips and Science Act," accessed January 20, 2023
    43. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3755 - Women's Health Protection Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
    44. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1996 - SAFE Banking Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022
    45. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2471 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022," accessed January 20, 2023
    46. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.5 - Equality Act," accessed April 15, 2022
    47. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.8404 - Respect for Marriage Act," accessed January 20, 2023
    48. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6833 - Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023
    49. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.7688 - Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act," accessed January 20, 2023
    50. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.8 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021," accessed January 20, 2023
    51. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.5746 - Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act," accessed January 20, 2023
    52. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.2938 - Bipartisan Safer Communities Act," accessed January 20, 2023
    53. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Res.24 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.," accessed April 15, 2022
    54. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2617 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023
    55. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1044 - Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020," accessed March 22, 2024
    56. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6800 - The Heroes Act," accessed April 23, 2024
    57. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - For the People Act of 2019," accessed April 23, 2024
    58. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.748 - CARES Act," accessed April 23, 2024
    59. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.5 - Equality Act," accessed April 23, 2024
    60. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.8 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019," accessed April 23, 2024
    61. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
    62. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
    63. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6201 - Families First Coronavirus Response Act," accessed April 24, 2024
    64. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
    65. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3 - Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act," accessed March 22, 2024
    66. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1865 - Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
    67. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.1838 - Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
    68. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3884 - MORE Act of 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
    69. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6074 - Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020," accessed April 27, 2024
    70. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.31 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
    71. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.47 - John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act," accessed April 27, 2024
    72. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6395 - William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021," accessed April 27, 2024
    73. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6395 - William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021," accessed April 27, 2024
    74. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.24 - Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024
    75. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Res.755 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors," accessed April 27, 2024
    76. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.Res.755 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors," accessed April 27, 2024
    77. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed December 13, 2018
    78. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 284," June 21, 2018
    79. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 282," June 21, 2018
    80. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed March 12, 2019
    81. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 549," October 3, 2017
    82. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017
    83. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017
    84. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017
    85. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018
    86. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018
    87. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018
    88. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018
    89. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018
    90. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018
    91. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018
    92. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018
    93. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018
    94. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018
    95. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017
    96. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017
    97. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017
    98. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 637," November 16, 2017
    99. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 589," October 26, 2017
    100. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 557," October 5, 2017
    101. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017
    102. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017
    103. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017
    104. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017
    105. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017
    106. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018
    107. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018
    108. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017
    109. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017
    110. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017
    111. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017
    112. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 407," July 24, 2017
    113. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 378," July 14, 2017
    114. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 136," March 8, 2017
    115. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015
    116. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017
    117. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015
    118. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 361," June 12, 2015
    119. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
    120. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 362," June 12, 2015
    121. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
    122. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015
    123. ↑ Politico, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015
    124. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015
    125. ↑ The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
    126. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
    127. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
    128. ↑ The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
    129. ↑ Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015
    130. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015
    131. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015
    132. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015
    133. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 183," accessed May 5, 2015
    134. ↑ The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015
    135. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015
    136. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
    137. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015
    138. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015
    139. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015
    140. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015
    141. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015
    142. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015
    143. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 494," accessed September 11, 2015
    144. ↑ Congress.gov, "H Res 411," accessed September 10, 2015
    145. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 492," accessed September 10, 2015
    146. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015
    147. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 576," accessed November 2, 2015
    148. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
    149. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015
    150. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act," accessed May 16, 2015
    151. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "HR 36," accessed May 16, 2015
    152. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1731," accessed November 2, 2015
    153. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 173," accessed November 2, 2015
    154. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015
    155. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015
    156. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015
    157. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015
    158. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013
    159. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
    160. ↑ 160.0 160.1 The Hill, "House votes to condemn administration over Taliban prisoner swap," September 9, 2014
    161. ↑ 161.0 161.1 161.2 U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 485," accessed September 10, 2014
    162. ↑ 162.0 162.1 162.2 162.3 Project Vote Smart, "Representative Clarke's Voting Records on National Security," accessed October 7, 2013
    163. ↑ The Library of Congress, "Bill Summary & Status - 113th Congress (2013 - 2014) - H.R.624," accessed August 27, 2013
    164. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Clarke on agriculture," accessed October 7, 2013
    165. ↑ New York Times, "House Republicans Push Through Farm Bill, Without Food Stamps," accessed September 17, 2013
    166. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Letter to Ranking Member Collin Peterson, House Committee on Agriculture - Reject Rep. King's Provision on Farm Bill," accessed September 23, 2013
    167. ↑ Time.com, "King Farm Bill Amendment Angers Animal Advocates," accessed September 18, 2013
    168. ↑ 168.0 168.1 Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
    169. ↑ Buzzfeed, "Government Shutdown: How We Got Here," accessed October 1, 2013
    170. ↑ The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013
    171. ↑ U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013
    172. ↑ The Library of Congress, "H.AMDT.136," accessed August 28, 2013
    173. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Representative Clarke's Voting Records on Immigration," accessed October 7, 2013
    174. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Representative Yvette Clarke's Voting Records on Issue: Health and Healthcare," accessed October 7, 2013
    175. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "Clarke on abortion," accessed October 7, 2013
    176. ↑ U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013
    177. ↑ 177.0 177.1 Congresswoman Barbara Lee, "Rep. Barbara Lee and 53 other Democrats sign letter to Obama urging debate on Syria," accessed September 3, 2019
    178. ↑ 178.0 178.1 Washington Post, "More than 50 House Democrats also want Syria strike resolution," accessed September 2, 2013
    179. ↑ Open Secrets, "Yvette Clarke (D-NY), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014
    180. ↑ This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.
    181. ↑ This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
    182. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. Yvette D. Clarke," accessed September 26, 2014
    183. ↑ 183.0 183.1 GovTrack, "Yvette D. Clarke," accessed August 5, 2014
    184. ↑ OpenCongress, "Yvette Clarke," archived February 28, 2016
    185. ↑ LegiStorm, "Yvette D. Clarke," accessed October 2, 2012
    186. ↑ CNN Politics, "Congressional bonuses in a time of cuts," accessed March 8, 2013
    187. ↑ National Journal, "2013 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed August 5, 2014
    188. ↑ National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed March 7, 2013
    189. ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
    190. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
    191. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
    192. ↑ U.S. Congresswoman Yvette D. Clarke, Proudly Serving New York's 11th District, "Biography," accessed December 16, 2011

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