California 2022 ballot propositions
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Seven statewide ballot propositions were certified for the ballot in California for elections in 2022. Three ballot measures were approved, and four were defeated.
On the ballot
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposition 1 | Provide a state constitutional right to reproductive freedom, defined to include abortion and contraceptives |
|
7,176,883 (67%) |
3,553,561 (33%) |
|
| Proposition 26 | Legalize sports betting at American Indian gaming casinos and licensed racetracks in California |
|
3,514,593 (33%) |
7,129,122 (67%) |
|
| Proposition 27 | Legalize online and mobile sports betting in California |
|
1,906,339 (18%) |
8,849,200 (82%) |
|
| Proposition 28 | Require funding for K-12 art and music education |
|
6,924,613 (64%) |
3,827,967 (36%) |
|
| Proposition 29 | Enact staffing requirements, reporting requirements, ownership disclosure, and closing requirements for chronic dialysis clinics |
|
3,364,404 (32%) |
7,281,196 (68%) |
|
| Proposition 30 | Create a 1.75% tax on personal income above $2 million and allocate revenue for zero-emissions vehicle and wildfire programs |
|
4,560,483 (42%) |
6,203,806 (58%) |
|
| Proposition 31 | Uphold a ban on the sale of flavored tobacco products |
|
6,803,424 (63%) |
3,923,383 (37%) |
Withdrawn
The campaigns behind the following ballot initiatives collected enough valid signatures for their measures to appear on the ballot but withdrew their proposals.
| Type | Title | Subject | Description | Reason | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CISS | Changes to Medical Malpractice Lawsuits Cap Initiative | Tort law and Healthcare | Increases California's cap on noneconomic damages in medical malpractice lawsuits | Legislative compromise enacted |  |
| CISS | Plastic Waste Reduction Regulations Initiative | Business regulation | Reduces the use of single-use plastic packaging and foodware | Legislative compromise enacted | |
Summary of campaign contributions
- See also: Ballot measure campaign finance, 2022
The following chart illustrates how much support and opposition committees received in campaign contributions for each measure on the ballot:
| Ballot Measure | Support Contributions | Oppose Contributions | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| California Proposition 1, Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment (2022) | $16,659,033.07 | $332,707.85 | 
|
| California Proposition 26, Legalize Sports Betting on American Indian Lands Initiative (2022) | $132,269,580.79 | $44,925,033.00 | 
|
| California Proposition 27, Legalize Sports Betting and Revenue for Homelessness Prevention Fund Initiative (2022) | $169,118,222.02 | $249,335,162.97 |
|
| California Proposition 28, Art and Music K-12 Education Funding Initiative (2022) | $10,554,733.91 | $0.00 |
|
| California Proposition 29, Dialysis Clinic Requirements Initiative (2022) | $7,978,566.51 | $74,557,628.58 |
|
| California Proposition 30, Tax on Income Above $2 Million for Zero-Emissions Vehicles and Wildfire Prevention Initiative (2022) | $48,127,719.57 | $31,875,794.10 |
|
| California Proposition 31, Flavored Tobacco Products Ban Referendum (2022) | $48,124,417.82 | $23,258,855.39 |
|
Political party positions on state ballot propositions
The following table shows the positions of the California Democratic and Republican parties on the statewide propositions:[1][2]
Newspaper endorsements
Ballotpedia aggregated the following editorial board endorsements in support of or opposition to 2022 ballot propositions.
Referral of 2022 ballot measures
The following table illustrates the vote requirements for the legislative referrals certified for the ballot, the votes that the referrals received, and how Democrats and Republicans voted on the referrals in each legislative chamber:
| California Proposition 1, Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment | Democrats | Republicans | |||
| Senate: | Required: 27 | Yes votes: 29 (72.5%) | No votes: 8 (20.0%) | Yes: 29; No: 0 | Yes: 0; No: 8 |
| House: | Required: 54 | Yes votes: 58 (72.50%) | No votes: 17 (21.25%) | Yes: 57; No: 0 | Yes: 1; No: 17 |
Citizen initiative process
In California, citizens have the right to initiate legislation through the ballot initiative or repeal legislation through the veto referendum. Getting an initiative or referendum placed on the ballot requires a measure's proponents to complete four steps:
- Step 1—Proposal filed for ballot title: Proponents file their proposed ballot initiative with the attorney general to receive circulating language.
- Step 2—Cleared for signature gathering: Proponents receive the circulating language for their ballot initiative, which allows them to begin collecting signatures.
- Step 3—25-percent threshold for signatures: Campaign reports that 25 percent of the required signatures for the ballot initiative have been collected, which requires legislative hearings on the proposal.
- Step 4—Submission of signatures: Proponents of an initiative file signatures with local election officials.
Signatures submitted for verification
Proponents of a ballot initiative file signatures with local elections officials, who then have eight days to determine a raw count of unverified signatures and communicate the count to the secretary of state. If the raw count is more than the required number of signatures, the secretary of state instructs local officials to conduct a random sampling of the submitted signatures. If the random sample indicates more than 110 percent of the required number of signatures, the initiative qualifies for the ballot. If the sample indicates fewer than 95 percent of the required number of signatures, the initiative fails to make the ballot. If the random sample indicates more than 95 percent but fewer than 110 percent, a full check of each signature must be conducted.
25 percent of signatures reached
Proponents of initiatives are required to report when 25 percent of the number of signatures required had been gathered. The secretary of state notifies each chamber of the California State Legislature to hold joint public hearings on the initiative proposals. Legislators could decide to consider the initiative as legislation, although this has no direct effect on whether an initiative appears on the ballot. Proponents of an initiative could consider withdrawing their proposal if the legislature approved their initiative as legislation.
Cleared for signature gathering
Once the attorney general's office assigns a ballot title and a summary to an initiative, proponents are allowed to begin collecting signatures. Proponents of an initiative are given 180 days from the date the title and summary were assigned to collect the required signatures. Proponents of a veto referendum are given 90 days from the date the governor signed the targeted legislation.
Filed with attorney general
The first step to getting an initiative prepared for signature gathering is submitting the proposal to the attorney general's office, which prepares a ballot title and summary of the proposal. When a proposal arrives at the office, the measure receives an expected date for when the attorney general will issue a ballot title and summary.
Legislative referral process
The California State Legislature can refer statewide measures to the ballot. There are several forms of legislative referrals in California, including constitutional amendments, state statutes, and bond issues. Legislative referrals can appear on statewide election ballots, including primary elections and general elections.
California is one of 16 states that requires a two-thirds vote in each legislative chamber during one legislative session to refer a constitutional amendment to the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 54 (of 80) votes in the California State Assembly and 27 (of 40) votes in the California State Senate, assuming no vacancies. The governor's signature is not required to refer a constitutional amendment.
The legislature can refer statutes with a simple majority vote and bond issues with a two-thirds vote, and the governor's signature is also required. In California, changes to voter-approved ballot initiatives need to be referred to voters for approval or rejection unless the changes further the initiative's purpose.
Comparison to prior election cycles
In California, a total of 395 ballot measures appeared on statewide ballots between 1985 and 2020. Two hundred twenty-eight ballot measures were approved, and 167 ballot measures were defeated.
| California statewide ballot measures, 1985-2020 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total number | Annual average | Annual minimum | Annual maximum | Approved | Defeated | ||
| # | % | # | % | ||||
Ballot initiative certification rates
The following table shows the rate of certification for ballot initiatives in California between 2010 and 2020:
| California statewide ballot initiatives filed and certified, 2010-2020 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Ballot initiatives filed | Certified | |
| # | % | ||
| Averages | |||
The following table illustrates the number of initiatives filed for the 2014 through 2022 ballots for months during election cycles:
Not on the ballot
Local ballot measures
- See also: California 2022 local ballot measures
Click here to read about 2022 local ballot measures in California.
See also
- 2022 ballot measures
- List of California ballot propositions
- Laws governing ballot measures in California
- Campaign finance requirements for California ballot measures
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