4大åºã®é§è»å ´ä¿å¡ã¯1ä¸8000人ãã¦ã§ã¤ãã¬ã¹ï¼ã¦ã§ã¤ã¿ã¼ã¯31ä¸7000人ãå士å·åã£ã¦æ¸ æä½æ¥å¡ã«ãªã£ã人ã¯5057人ã å ¨é¨åãããã¨ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã§ã¯ä»ã大åãªã®ã«ï½¢å¤§å¦åºãå¿ è¦ã®ãªãï½£ï¼ç±³å´åççµ±è¨å±ï¼è·ç¨®ã«å°±ãã¦ã人ã1700ä¸äººãã¾ããä½æ ãï¼ ä»¥ä¸ã®ãã¼ã¿ã¯ç±³å´åççµ±è¨å±ãã¾ã¨ããçµ±è¨ããå¼ç¨ãããã®ã§ããå ¨ä½ã®è·ç¨®å¥æ©è¦ãã£ã¼ããè¦ã¦ã¿ã¾ãããã ãããæ²è¼ãããµã³ãã©ã³ã·ã¹ã³ã»ã¯ããã¯ã«ã®è¨è Richard Vedderããã¯ãä¸ã®ãã£ã¼ãã¨å ¨ç±³çµæ¸ç 究æï¼National Bureau of Economic Researchï¼NBERï¼ææ°ã®èª¿æ»çµæãç´¹ä»ããã¿ããªé«çæè²ãéè¦ãéããããã¨æ¸ãã¦ã¾ãã é«åº¦å¦ç¿ã§ææãä¸ããã«ã¯æ®éãããªãã®èªç¥è½åãªã©åãã¦ããªãã¨ãããªãã®ã ããããããé©æ§ããªãã¾ã¾å¤§å¦ã«éãå¦çãå¢ãã¦ãããã¨Charles Murrayã¯è«
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