中心力 性質

${\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {F}}({\boldsymbol {r}})=-\mathbf {\nabla } V({\boldsymbol {r}}),\quad {\text{where }}V({\boldsymbol {r}})=\int _{|{\boldsymbol {r}}|}^{+\infty }F(r)\,\mathrm {d} r}$

${\displaystyle E={\frac {1}{2}}m|{\dot {\boldsymbol {r}}}|^{2}+V({\boldsymbol {r}})={\text{constant}}}$

${\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {L}}={\boldsymbol {r}}\times m{\dot {\boldsymbol {r}}}={\text{constant}}}$

${\displaystyle \nabla \times {\boldsymbol {F}}({\boldsymbol {r}})={\boldsymbol {0}}}$