The federal electoral districts (Spanish: distritos electorales federales) of Mexico are the 300 constituencies or electoral districts into which the country is divided for the purpose of federal elections. Each district returns one federal deputy (diputado or diputada), who sits in the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados), the lower house of Congress. An additional 200 deputies are elected by proportional representation from the five electoral regions.
Electoral districts are identified by number and by federal entity (state or the capital). The number of electoral districts was set at 300 in 1979, when the number of seats in the Chamber of Deputies was increased from 196. The demarcation of the districts depends on the results of the previous census, and adjustments to the 1979 districts were made in 1996, 2005, 2017 and 2022.
Irrespective of population, no state may be represented by fewer than two electoral districts. This is the case with Baja California Sur (population: 798,447), Campeche (population: 928,363) and Colima (population: 731,391), which, as a result, return more senators than deputies to Congress. The states with the most electoral districts are the state of México (population: 17.1 million), with 40, and Veracruz (population: 8.1 million), with 19. Mexico City, with a population of 9.2 million, has 22.
On 12 December 2022, the National Electoral Institute established the districts to be used in the 2024 and 2030 general elections, and the 2027 mid-term election, in accordance with the following criteria:[1]
- Each district to belong to only one federal entity.
- Balanced distribution of population between districts.
- Presence of Indigenous and Afrodescendent inhabitants (districts with 40% or more of those populations are styled "indigenous districts" and receive special prerogatives).[a]
- Geographical continuity.
- Travel times.
Electoral districts
editThis map indicates the districts in each federal entity for elections between 2024 and 2030.[2]
States A-C
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| First federal electoral district of Baja California Sur | La Paz |
| Second federal electoral district of Baja California Sur | San José del Cabo |
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| First federal electoral district of Campeche | Campeche |
| Second federal electoral district of Campeche | Ciudad del Carmen |
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| First federal electoral district of Colima | Colima |
| Second federal electoral district of Colima | Manzanillo |
States D-M
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| First federal electoral district of Durango | Durango |
| Second federal electoral district of Durango | Lerdo |
| Third federal electoral district of Durango | Guadalupe Victoria |
| Fourth federal electoral district of Durango | Durango |
| Fifth federal electoral district of Durango | Defunct since 2005 |
| Sixth federal electoral district of Durango | Defunct since 1996 |
| Seventh federal electoral district of Durango | Defunct since 1930 |
| Eighth federal electoral district of Durango | Defunct since 1930 |
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States N-Q
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| First federal electoral district of Nayarit | Santiago Ixcuintla |
| Second federal electoral district of Nayarit | Tepic |
| Third federal electoral district of Nayarit | Compostela |
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States S-Z
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| District | Head town |
|---|---|
| First federal electoral district of Tlaxcala | Apizaco |
| Second federal electoral district of Tlaxcala | Tlaxcala de Xicohténcatl |
| Third federal electoral district of Tlaxcala | Zacatelco |
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See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Memoria de la Distritación Nacional 2021-2023" (PDF). Instituto Nacional Electoral. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
- ^ De la Rosa, Yared (20 February 2023). "Nueva distritación electoral le quita diputados a la CDMX y le agrega a Nuevo León". Forbes México. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ "Los Diputados de la Nación: II. Índice por estado y legislatura" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. p. 301. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2024.