Hmong-cho̍k

Hmong-jîn

𖬌𖬣𖬵

Flower Hmong women in traditional dress at the market in Bắc Hà, Vietnam

Chóng Jîn-kháu

4–5 million^[1]

Hun-pò͘ Tē-khu

China	2,777,039 (2000, estimate)^{[chù 1]}	^[1]
Vietnam	1,393,547 (2019)	^[2]
Laos	595,028 (2015)	^[3]
United States	327,000 (2012)^[4]
Thailand	250,070 (2015)
Myanmar	40,000
Argentina	4,000 (1999)	^[5]
Australia	3,438 (2011)	^[6]
France (French Guiana)	2,000	^[7]
France	15,000	^[5]
Canada	600 (1999)	^[5]

Gí-giân

Native: Hmong
Regional: Chinese, Thai, Vietnamese, Lao, French, English, Burmese

Chong-kàu Sìn-gióng

Shamanism • Christianity • Buddhism

Hmong-cho̍k sī Tang-lâm-a ê chi̍t-ê bîn-cho̍k, sǹg sī Tiong-kok Biâu-cho̍k ê chi̍t-hūn. Chú-iàu hun-pò͘ tī Tiong-kok, Oa̍t-lâm, kap Lao-kok. In-ūi 20 sè-kí ê chiàn-loān, ū chin-chē Hmong-cho̍k ê lān-bîn hun-soàⁿ kàu Thài-kok kap se-iûⁿ kok-ka. Hiān-sî tī Bí-kok ū 20 bān chó͘-iū ê Hmong-cho̍k.

Tsù-sik

↑ There is no official census of the Hmong people in China, as they are classified as a subgroup of the Miao people there.

Tsù-kái

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Lemoine, Jacques (2005). "What is the actual number of (H)mong in the world?" (PDF). Hmong Studies Journal. 6. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 21 July 2011 hőng khó͘-pih. 1 March 2009 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "Report on Results of the 2019 Census". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. 1 May 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "Results of Population and Housing Census 2015" (PDF). Lao Statistics Bureau. 1 May 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. 7 June 2012 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Jacques Lemoine (2005). "What is the actual number of the (H)mong in the world" (PDF). Hmong Studies Journal. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 21 July 2011 hőng khó͘-pih. 1 March 2009 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "ABS Census – ethnicity". goân-loē-iông tī 2008-07-22 hőng khó͘-pih. 7 June 2012 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "Hmong's new lives in Caribbean". 10 March 2004. 11 March 2014 khòaⁿ--ê.

Guā-pōo liân-kiat

Laotian and Hmong veterans and refugee families of the Lao Veterans of America, Inc.
Center for Public Policy Analysis (CPPA) in Washington, D.C. Hmong human rights, religious persecution/ religious freedom violations and refugee issues
Hmong-related web sites Archived 17 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine. edited by Mark Pfeifer of the Hmong Cultural Center.
Laos & Hmong Refugee Crisis & human rights violations against Hmong people in Southeast Asia, Centre for Public Policy Analysis, Washington, D.C.
Publications list Archived 27 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
Hmong Studies Internet Resource Center Archived 18 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
Hmong culture studies Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. multimedia educational content
Hmong history and culture articles by Hmong Australian anthropologist, Dr. Gary Yia Lee
Hmong Contemporary Issues by Hmong French anthropologist and linguist, Dr. Kao-Ly Yang (English, French, and Hmong languages)
Being Hmong Means Being Free Wisconsin Public Television
Learn about Hmong People & Culture Archived 2023-06-28 at the Wayback Machine.
Hmong Culture

Pún bûn-chiuⁿ sī chi̍t phiⁿ phí-á-kiáⁿ. Lí thang tàu khok-chhiong lâi pang-chō͘ Wikipedia.

[2] There is no official census of the Hmong people in China, as they are classified as a subgroup of the Miao people there.

[Lemoine2005-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Lemoine, Jacques (2005). "What is the actual number of (H)mong in the world?" (PDF). Hmong Studies Journal. 6. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 21 July 2011 hőng khó͘-pih. 1 March 2009 khòaⁿ--ê.

[Census2019-3] "Report on Results of the 2019 Census". General Statistics Office of Vietnam. 1 May 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.

[4] "Results of Population and Housing Census 2015" (PDF). Lao Statistics Bureau. 1 May 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.

[5] "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. 7 June 2012 khòaⁿ--ê.

[Lemoine-6] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Jacques Lemoine (2005). "What is the actual number of the (H)mong in the world" (PDF). Hmong Studies Journal. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 21 July 2011 hőng khó͘-pih. 1 March 2009 khòaⁿ--ê.

[7] "ABS Census – ethnicity". goân-loē-iông tī 2008-07-22 hőng khó͘-pih. 7 June 2012 khòaⁿ--ê.

[8] "Hmong's new lives in Caribbean". 10 March 2004. 11 March 2014 khòaⁿ--ê.

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[chù 1]

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