GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
What is geothermal energy?
Geothermal energy is a form of renewable
energy that harnesses the heat from the
Earth’s interior. This heat originates from the
planet’s core and is constantly being generated
by radioactive decay. It’s clean and sustainable
energy source that doesn’t produce
greenhouse gases.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF POWER
PLANTS
•DRY STEAM
•FLASH STEAM
•BINARY STEAM
DRY STEAM
Dry steam powerplants have the most
simple and oldest designs. A dry steam
powerplant directly uses geothermal
steam. The steam goes directly to the
turbine that drives the generator which
produces electricity. The steam is cooled
in the condenser, turns into cool water,
and is then returned to the reservoir.
FLASH STEAM
Flash steam power plants are the most
common type used today. The hot water is
pumped under great pressure to the surface.
When it reaches the surface, the pressure is
reduced, causing the water to boil rapidly or
“flash” into vapor. The vapor in the flash tank
drives the steam turbine. After passing
through the turbine, the steam is cooled in the
condenser. The cooled water is returned to the
reservoir and heated by geothermal rocks.
BINARY STEAM
Binary cycle power plants are used if the water
that reaches the surface is not hot enough to
produce steam. The hot geothermal water
alongside a secondary fluid with a much lower
boiling point (such as isopentane) is passed
through a heat exchange. The heat from the
hot water causes the secondary fluid to flash
vapor. The vapor drives the turbine that
produces electricity. Isopentane condenses
back and is reused again.
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