Act of The Declaration of Philippine Independence: Acta de La Proclamación de Independencia Del Pueblo Filipino

Act of the Declaration of

Philippine Independence
June 12, 1898

Acta de la proclamación
de independencia del pueblo Filipino
Documents on the 1898 Declaration
of Philippine Independence, the
Malolos Constitution and First
Philippine Republic

(National Historical Institute in

1997)
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
Born: Dec. 17, 1830 in Binan, Laguna
Parents: Gregorio Enriquez
Bautista Silvestra Altamira
Died: Dec. 4, 1903 (72 years old)
Cause of Death: A fatal fall from a

horse-drawn carriage
E D U CAT I O N
Studied Law at the
University of Sto. Tomas
Earned his degree in 1865

(35 years old)
Solicited funds to finance a campaign for reforms in the Philippines

Became a member of the La Liga Filipina, Cuerpo de Compromisarios and La
Propaganda
Arrested and imprisoned at Fort Santiago by the Spaniards
Cause: He was suspected of being involved in the Philippine Revolution
Result: He managed to defend himself and was eventually released.
Became the first adviser to President Emilio Aguinaldo in 1898
Contrary to common belief, it was Bautista, and not Aguinaldo, who waved the
Philippine flag before the jubilant crowd.
July 14, 1899 - he was elected to the position of president in the Revolutionary
Congress in Tarlac. Then was later appointed judge of the Court of First
Instance of Pangasinan.
SUMMARY
a. The document narrated the signing of the declaration of Philippine
independence.
b. It put emphasis on series of events that led to the series of revolts that happened
against the Spaniards
c. It paved way for Filipinos to understand where the revolts and the declaration
of independence came from
d. It declared the Philippines’ independence and sovereignty from the oppressors

during that time which was Spain.
e. It showed the end of an era

The Philippine Revolution which started in August 1896 was fought by the
“Katipunan” for Independence from Spain.
Historical Background:
Due to failure of Spain to engage in active social

reforms in Cuba, the United States declared war on
Spain on April 25 1898.
George Dewey defeated the Spanish Navy in the

Battle of Manila Bay on May 1 1898.
On May 19 1898, Aguinaldo unofficially allied with the United States and returned to
the Philippines to continue the revolution.
In June, the Katipunan had gained control of most of the Philippines excluding Manila
(Which was controlled by the United States).
Neither the United States nor Spain recognized Philippine Independence.

“Taking into account the fact that the people of this
country are already tired of bearing the ominous joke
of Spanish domination.”
INEQUALITY BETWEEN THE SPANISH AND FILIPINOS
Civil Guards
● Rules and Regulations
● Trial without hearing
● Archbishops and Friars

Content
Series of events that led to the revolution and
eventually the signing of the Declaration of
Independence.
a. Ferdinand Magellan landed on the shores of Cebu and occupied the
said island by means of a pact of friendship with Chief Tupas.
b. Magellan, however, was killed in a battle that took place in said shores
to which battle he was provoked by Chief Kalipulako (Lapu-Lapu) of
Mactan.
c. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi followed the course of his
predecessor Ferdinand Magellan.
d. Since then, the country had been deprived of its

independence and sovereignty by Spain through Governor
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi.
e. Legazpi first landed on the Island of Bohol by entering also

a blood compact with Bohol’s Chief Sikatuna.
f. Due to a failed attempt of taking the Island of Cebu by force, Legazpi decided to go
Manila.
g. In Manila, Legazpi won the friendships of Chiefs Soliman and Lakandula.
h. Later on, Legazpi succeeded in taking over the possession of the city, followed by taking
over the archipelago in the name of Spain by virtue of King Philip II.
i. Due to the start of different revolutions, a pacification was proposed by Don Pedro A.
Paterno with Don Emilio Aguinaldo.
j. Aguinaldo is President of the Republic established in Biak-na-Bato and accepted by

Governor-General Don Fernando Primo de Rivera under terms, both written and oral.
k. Don Emilio Aguinaldo returned after the destruction of the Spanish Squadron by the
North American Navy and bombardment of the Plaza of Cavite to initiate a new revolution.
l. The Revolutionary movement spreading like wild fire to other towns of Cavite and other
provinces like Bataan, Pampanga, Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna and Morong (present day Rizal).
m. “Such was the success of the victory of our arms, truly marvelous and without equal
in the history of colonial revolutions” - Bautista explaining the success of the Philippine
revolution when Emilio Aguinaldo returned.
n. “Manila and other provinces will soon be besieged by our forces so that the
independence of our country and the revindication of our sovereignty is assured.”
“Under the protection of the Powerful and Humanitarian Nation,
the United States of America, we do hereby proclaim and declare
solemnly in the name and by authority of the people of the
Philippine Islands, that they are and have the right to be free and
independent.”
“That they have ceased to have any allegiance to the Crown of
Spain”
“That all political ties between

them should be completely
severed and annulled”
“”And like other free and independent states,
they enjoy the full power to make War and
Peace, conclude commercial treaties, enter
into alliances, regulate commerce, and do all
other acts and things which an Independent
State has a right to do.”
“And imbued with firm confidence in Divine Providence, we
hereby mutually bind ourselves to support this Declaration
with our lives, our fortunes, and with our most sacred
possession, our honor.”
Don Emilio Aguinaldo
Recognition, approval and ratification of

the orders under his dictatorship
“Instrument chosen by God”
To avenge for the sufferings that the
Filipinos endured during the Spanish
colonization
(as foretold by Dr. Jose Rizal)
“Until the last drop
from our chalice of suffering
have been drained,
the first spark of revolution
broke out in Caloocan.”
The Philippine Flag
The Philippine Flag
● The white triangle signifying the
distinctive emblem of the famous
society of the “Katipunan”.
The three stars, signifying the three principal islands of this Archipelago - Luzon,
Mindanao and Panay where this revolutionary movement started.
The sun, representing the gigantic steps made by the sons of the country.
The eight rays, signifying the eight provinces - Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga,
Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.
And the colors of Blue, Red and White, commemorating the flag of the United States of
America, as a manifestation of our profound gratitude towards this great nation for its
The first Philippine Flag was sewn by Doña
Marcela Marino de Agoncillo, Lorenza
Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de
Natividad in Hong Kong.
First flown in battle on May 28, 1898.
Formally unfurled during the Declaration of

Philippine Independence.
“The Making of the Philippine Flag” by Fernando Amorsolo

Lupang Hinirang (Chosen Land)
Music composed by Julian Felipe.
Did not use lyrics during the Declaration of Independence in June 12, 1898.
Lyrics from Jose Palma from his poem Filipinas in 1899.
Final Filipino lyrics revised in 1960s.

Dambanang Aguinaldo
Cavite-Viejo, Province of Cavite
June 12, 1898
● Solemnize and proclaim Philippine

Independence.
Importance of the Document
● Most significant achievement of

Aguinaldo's Dictatorial Government
● The Philippines was proclaimed

independent after decades of being a
colony
● The Philippines earned its own

identity.

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Act of the Declaration of

(National Historical Institute in

Parents: Gregorio Enriquez

Bautista Silvestra Altamira

Died: Dec. 4, 1903 (72 years old)

Cause of Death: A fatal fall from a

Earned his degree in 1865

Solicited funds to finance a campaign for reforms in the Philippines

d. It declared the Philippines’ independence and sovereignty from the oppressors

e. It showed the end of an era

Due to failure of Spain to engage in active social

George Dewey defeated the Spanish Navy in the

Neither the United States nor Spain recognized Philippine Independence.

● Rules and Regulations

● Trial without hearing

● Archbishops and Friars

d. Since then, the country had been deprived of its

e. Legazpi first landed on the Island of Bohol by entering also

g. In Manila, Legazpi won the friendships of Chiefs Soliman and Lakandula.

j. Aguinaldo is President of the Republic established in Biak-na-Bato and accepted by

“That all political ties between

Recognition, approval and ratification of

First flown in battle on May 28, 1898.

Formally unfurled during the Declaration of

“The Making of the Philippine Flag” by Fernando Amorsolo

Music composed by Julian Felipe.

Lyrics from Jose Palma from his poem Filipinas in 1899.

Final Filipino lyrics revised in 1960s.

Cavite-Viejo, Province of Cavite

June 12, 1898

● Solemnize and proclaim Philippine

● Most significant achievement of

● The Philippines was proclaimed

● The Philippines earned its own

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