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INITAO COLLEGE
P-2A, Jampason,
Initao, Misamis Oriental
9022 Philippines

GE 2-READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY (MIDTERM EXAM)

Name:______________________________ Course/Year/Group:________________
Place of Learning Hub:________________ Contact #:________________________
Name of Instructor:___________________ Date of Submission:________________

Encircle the letter of the correct answer. No erasure is allowed. Make sure to provide all the necessary information asked
above. Kindly submit this on time in your respective learning hub.
Deduction of points will be given to those students will not follow the given instructions.

1. Jose was exploring the library in his new school in Initao College. He wanted to study the history of Initao during the 19 th
century. In one of the books, he saw an old photograph of a woman standing in front of an old church, clipped among the pages.
At the back of the photo was a fine inscription that says: “ Ynitao, 16 de Junio 1857. “What type of source is the photograph?

A) Primary Source B) Secondary Source C) Tertiary Source D) Both B and C

2. Lorena was a new teacher of Readings in Philippine History in Initao College. Her colleagues gave her the new textbook that
she ought to use in class. Before the class started, Lorena studied the textbook carefully. She noted that the authors used works
by other known historians in writing the textbook. She saw that the bibliography included Teodoro Agoncillo’s The Revolt of the
Masses and the Fateful Years: Japan’s Adventure in the Philippines, 1941-45. What type of source is the textbook?

A) Primary Source B) Secondary Source C) Tertiary Source D) Both A and B

3. An original photograph from the 1941 attack at Pearl Harbor that you found in your grandparents’ photo album.

A) Primary Source B) Secondary Source C) Tertiary Source D) None of the above

4. The library catalog you used in Initao College library when you search for History books.

A) Primary Source B) Secondary Source C) Tertiary Source D) none of the given options

5. A chapter in your history textbook about the Katipunan Revolution.

A) Primary Source B) Secondary Source C) Tertiary Source D) none of the given options

6. The statements below are some of the reasons why Magellan and other European countries explored the world in 16 th
Century except for one.
A) Propagate Christianity to ‘uncivilized islands’ B) Educate the Filipino natives
C) Search for the ‘Spice Island’ and reach China D) Obtain more colonies for territorial expansion
7. The statements below are the contents of Corazon Aquino’s Speech except for one.

A) The peaceful EDSA Revolution to the martyrdom of Ninoy

B) Her miraculous victory through the people’s struggle and her initiatives as the president who restored democracy
C) The existing communist insurgency
D) The economic and political status of the Philippines
8. Below are the evidences of Butuan as the site of the first mass except one.

A) Pigafetta’s Chronicle- ‘Masao’ B) RA 2733 C)Balangay D)Collins and Combes

9. In 19th century, Jose Rizal wanted reforms while Andres Bonifacio wanted _____________.

A) Representation of the Cortes B) Equality among the Spaniards and the natives
C) Total separation from Spain D) The Philippines will be a province of Spain.
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10. The Treaty of Paris was anA agreement signed between ___________ and ___________ regarding the ownership of the
Philippine islands and other Spanish colonies in South America.

A) Spain and United States of America B) Spain and Philippines

C) United States of America and Philippines D) none of the given options
11. This is an art genre and technique which became a part of the print media as a form of social and political commentary,
usually targets persons of power and authority.

A) Editorial Cartooning B) Political cartoons and caricature C) Newspapers D) Articles

12. The statements below are the contents of Corazon Aquino’s Speech except for one.

A) The peaceful EDSA Revolution to the martyrdom of Ninoy

B) Her miraculous victory through the people’s struggle and her initiatives as the president who restored democracy
C) The existing communist insurgency
D) The economic and political status of the Philippines
13. The Katipunan Revolution was also called _________ Revolution.

A) 1986 Revolution B) 1896 Revolution C) 1898 Revolution D) None of the given options

14. The three priests GOM-BUR-ZA were executed on ________.

A) January 20, 1872 B) February 17, 1872 C) February 20, 1872 D) January 17, 1872

15. History is derived from the Greek word “HISTORIA” meaning __________________.

A) Knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation B) Knowledge acquired through collection

C) Knowledge acquired through observation D) All A, B, and C are correct

16. This event mark the start of the revolutionary movements in the Philippines.
A) Cry of Balintawak B) Cry of Pugadlawin C) Both A and B D) none of the given options

17. The upper _____________ class experienced economic prosperity with the opening up of the Philippine economy to the
United States but the majority of the poor Filipino remained poor, desperate, and victims of state repression.
A) Principalia B) Haciendero C) Mestizo D) Sangley

18. An act providing for a local government code of 1991, the Initao Local Government pursuant to Resolution No. _____, s.
2003 and Municipal Ordinance No. 664, s. 2003 established Initao Community College which was duly approved on August 25,
2003.
A) 181 B) 812 C) 811 D) 821

19. Maria is reading an article about COVID 19. She wants to know if the article is valid or not. Below are some of the steps
(except one) she needs to undertake before deciding to believe it or not.
A) Counterchecking with the other articles written B) Assessing the credibility of the website
C) Sharing the article on her Facebook timeline D) Researching about the authors background

20. Doubts on the retraction document abound especially because only one eyewitness account of the writing of the document
exist-that of the Jesuit friars ___________.
A) Cuerpo de Vigilancia B) Fr. Vicente Balaguer C) Pardo de Tavera D)Plauchut

*(Do not forget to answer the assessment in module 9)

The more you know about the past, the better prepared you are for the future

-Theodore Roosevelt-
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INITAO COLLEGE Course Code: GE 2

Jampason, Initao, Misamis Oriental Course Title: READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
2nd Semester, S.Y. 2021 - 2022 Unit: 3
Instructor: ELMA T. VEDRA Mobile Number:09383280477 Instructor: Sara Lin A. Robenta
Facebook Page: READINGS IN PHIL.HISTORY (2021-2022 2ND SEM) Email Add:[email protected]
Groups Handled: BSBA I G1-G9 Group Handled: BSBA I -G10
MODULE 9
Topic: Cry of Balintawak or Desired Learning Outcome:
Pugadlawin A) Determine the importance of the Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlin in the Philippine
Duration: 3 hrs independence; and
B) Assess the historical documents presented in interpreting both places.
GENERAL INSTRUCTION
In your outputs, do not forget to write your NAME/COURSE/YEAR/GROUP/ PLACE OF LEARNING HUB/CONTACT
NUMBER/NAME OF INSTRUCTOR. Staple your output and do not mix it with the outputs of the other subjects.
JOIN our FACEBOOK PAGE even if you belong to the modular class
Do not forget to take photo of your output before submitting in your respective learning hub just in case your
instructor will not receive it.
PHOTOCOPY ANSWERS are considered INVALID.
ERASURE is not allowed (make your outputs always clean).
You will be given extra points if the instructions mentioned above are being followed accordingly and deduction of
points will be given to those who fail to follow.
Case Study 4: Where Did the Cry of Rebellion Happen?
Momentous events swept the Spanish colonies in the late nineteenth century, including the Philippines. Journalists of the
time referred to the phrase “El Grito de Rebelion” or “Cry of Rebellion” to mark the start of these revolutionary events,
identifying the places where it happened. In the Philippines, this happened in August 1896, northeast of Manila, where they
declared rebellion against the Spanish colonial government. These events are important markers in the history of colonies that
struggled for their independence against their colonizers.
The controversy regarding this event stems from the identification of the date and place where the Cry happened.
Prominent Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo emphasizes the event when Bonifacio tore the cedula or tax receipt before the
Katipuneros who also did the same. Some writers identified the first military event with the Spaniards as the moment of the
Cry, for which, Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned an “ Himno de Balintawak” to inspire the renewed struggle after the Pact of the
Biak-na-Bato failed. A monument to the heroes of 1896 was erected in what is now the intersection of Epifanio de los Santos
(EDSA) Avenue and Andres Bonifacio Drive-North Diversion road, and from then on until 1962, the Cry of Balintawak was
celebrated every 26th of August. The site of the monument was chosen for an unknown reason.
Different Dates and Places of the Cry
Various accounts of the Cry give different dates and places. A guardia civil, Lt. Olegario Diaz, identified the Cry to have
happened in Balintawak on 25 August 1896. Teodoro Kalaw, Filipino historian, marks the place to be in Kangkong, Balintawak,
on the last week of August 1896. Santiago Alvarez, a Katipunero and son of Mariano Alvarez, leader of the Magdiwang faction
in Cavite, put the Cry in Bahay Toro in Quezon City on 24 August 1896. Pio Valenzuela, known Katipunero and privy to many
events concerning the Katipunan stated that the Cry happened in Pugad Lawin on 23 August 1896. Historian Gregorio Zaide
identified the Cry to have happened in Balintawak on 26 August 1896, while Teodoro Agoncillo put it at Pugad Lawin on 23
August 1896, according to statements by Pio Valenzuela. Research by historians Milagros Guerrero, Emmanuel Encarnation,
and Ramon Villegas claimed that the event took place in Tandang Sora’s barn in Gulod, Barangay Banlat, Quezon City, on 24
August 1896.
Primary Source: Accounts of the Cry
Guillermo Masangkay
Source: Guillermo Masangkay, “Cry of Balintawak” in Gregorio Zaide and Sonia Zaide, Documentary Sources of
Philippine History, Volume 8 (Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 307-309.
On August 26th, a big meeting was held in Balintawak, at the house of Apolonio Samson, then cabeza of that barrio
of Caloocan. Among those who attended. I remember, were Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Aguedo del Rosario, Tomas
Remigio, Briccio Pantas, Teodoro Plata, Pio Valenzuela, Enrique Pacheco, and Francisco Carreon. They were all
leaders of the Katipunan and composed the board of directors of the organization. Delegates from Bulacan,
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Cabanatuan, Cavite, and Morong were also present.

At about nine o’clock in the morning of August 26, the meeting was opened with Andres Bonifacio presiding and
Emilio Jacinto acting as secretary. The purpose was to discuss when the uprising was to take place. Teodoro
Plata, Briccio Pantas, and Pio Valenzuela were all opposed to starting the revolution too early… Andres Bonifacio,
sensing that he would lose in the discussion then, left the session hall and talked to the people, who were waiting
outside for the result of the meeting of the leaders. He told the people that the leaders were arguing against
starting the revolution early, and appealed to them in a fiery speech in which he said: “You remember the fate of
out countrymen who were shot in Bagumbayan. Should we return now to the towns, the Spaniards will only shoot
us. Our organization has been discovered and we are all marked men. If we don’t start the uprising, the Spaniards
will get us anyway. What then, do you say?”
“Revolt!”. The people shouted as one.
Bonifacio then asked the people to give a pledge that they were to revolt. He told them that the sign of slavery of
the Filipinos were (sic) the cedula tax charged each citizen. “ If it is true that you are ready to revolt… I want to see
you destroy your cedulas. It will be a sign that all of us have declared our severance from the Spaniards.”
Pio Valenzuela
Source:Pio Valenzuela, “Cry of Pugadlawin,” in Gregorio Zaide and Sonia Zaide, Documentary Sources of
Philippine History, Volume 8 (Manila: National Book Store, 1990), 301-302.
The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del
Rosario, and myself was Balintawak, the first five arriving there on Augst 19, and I, on August 20, 1896. The first
place where some 500 members of the Katipunan met on August 22, 1896, was the house and yard of Apolonio
Samson at Kangkong. Aside from the persons mentioned above, among those who were there were Briccio
Pantas, Alejandro Santiago, Ramon Bernardo, Apolonio Samson, and others. Here, views were only exchanged,
and no resolution was debated or adopted. It was at Pugadlawin, the house, store-house, and yard of Juan
Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1,000 members of the Katipunan met and carried out considerable
debate and discussion on August 23, 1896. The discussion was on whether or not the revolution against the
Spanish government should be started on August 29, 1896… After the tumultuous meeting, many of those present
tore their cedula certificates and shouted “ Long live the Philippines! Long live the Philippines!”
From the eyewitness accounts presented, there is indeed marked disagreement among historical witnesses as to
the place and time of the occurrence of the Cry. Using primary and secondary sources, four places have been
identified: Balintawak, Kangkong, Pugadlawin, and Bahay Toro, while the dates vary: 23, 24, 25, or 26 August 1896.
Valenzuela’s account should be read with caution: He once told a Spanish investigator that the “Cry” happened in
Balintawak on Wendnesday, 26 August 1896. Much later, he wrote in his Memoirs of the Revolution that it happened at
Pugadlawin on 23 August 1896. Such inconsistencies in accounts should always be seen as a red flag when dealing
with primary sources.
According to Guerrero, Encarnation, and Villegas, all these places are in Balintawak, then part of Caloocan, now, in
Quezon City. As for the dates, Bonifacio and his troops may have been moving from one place to another to avoid being
located by the Spanish government, which could explain why there are several accounts of the Cry.
REFERENCE
1.Alporha, Veronica C. and Candelaria John Lee P. (2018). Readings in Philippine History. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.

ASSESSMENT FOR MODULE 9

Write your answer at the back of your midterm exam. Do not forget to read the GENERAL INSTRUCTION given above.

1. How important is the first Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin to the Philippine Revolution? ( 2 sentences only)