LIFE AND WORKS OF
RIZAL
Group 1.1
THE NINETEENTH
CENTURY AS A
CENTURY OF CHANGE
THE NINETEENTH
CENTURY AS A
CENTURY OF CHANGE
https://dimasalanglaonglaan.wordpress.com/phil
ippines-in-the-19th-century/
PHILIPPINES IN
THE NINETEENTH
C E N T U RY
Social Structure
The Filipinos in the 19th century had suffered from feudalistic and
master slave relationship by the Spaniards. Their social structure is
ranked into three groups:
1.) Highest class
2.) Middle Class
3.) Lowest class
PHILIPPINES IN
THE NINETEENTH
C E N T U RY
Political System and the Sources of Abuses in the Administrative System
1.) Inferior Qualifications
2.) They collect and waste the money of the Filipinos
3.) Church and state are united
4.) Manner of obtaining the position
5.) Alcaldias is considered as the most corrupt
6.) Personal interest over the welfare of the State
PHILIPPINES IN
THE NINETEENTH
C E N T U RY
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Overemphasis on religious Primary education was neglected
matters Absence of academic freedom
Obsolete teaching methods Prejudice against Filipinos in the
Limited curriculum schools of higher learning
Poor classroom facilities Friar control over the system
Absence of teaching materials
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND THE
RISE OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM
https://www.slideshare.net/martianne21/philippine-nationalism-nature-and-development
FA C T O R S C O N T R I B U T E D T O T H E
DEVELOPMENT OF FILIPINO
NATIONALISM:
• Opening of the Philippines to International Trade and the Rise of the
Middle Class
• Influx of European Liberalism
• Opening of the Suez Canal on November 17, 1869
• Spanish Revolution of 1868 and the Liberal Regime of Carlos Maria
Dela Torre(1869-1871)
• Rafael de Izquierdo (1871-1873), the Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and the
Execution of GomBurZa (February 17, 1872)
ECONOMIC: THE END OF
GALLEON TRADE
https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/diorama-22-galleon-trade-scene-ca-
1750/aAEQAqK8dQJDTA
REFERENCES
https://dimasalanglaonglaan.wordpress.com/philippines-in-the-
19th-century/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_galleon
https://www.philippine-history.org/galleon-trade.htm
https://dimasalanglaonglaan.wordpress.com/spain-in-the-19th-
century/
https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines/The-19th-century
LIFE AND WORKS OF
RIZAL
Group 1.2
THE OPENING OF
SEUZ CANAL
Between Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea.
The demand for Philippine sugar and abaca (hemp)
grew apace, and the volume of exports to Europe
expanded even further after the completion of the Suez
Canal in 1869.
Napabilis din ang pagpasok sa ating bansa ng liberal
na banyagang kaisipan na nagpamulat sa maraming
Pilipino sa kanilang karapatan.
SOCIAL
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
PENINSULAR
- Spaniard born in SPAIN.
INSULARES
- Spaniard born in the Philippines.
CREOLE OR MESTIZO/MESTIZA
- Spain Mestizo half spaniard and half filipino.
- Chinese Mestizo half filipino and half chinese.
INDIO
- or native (masses)
- Principalia, Inquilino, karaniwang tao.
Social ranking was created in our society.
Social tensions was created between and among classes.
A system of racial discrimination came to be institutionalized.
High positions in government were opened only to the pure
blooded Spaniards.
Member of the middle class and the indios were considered
inferior by the upper classes and unworthy of education.
References:
https://www.slideshare.net/MariaLuisaMaycong/pagusbong-ng-
liberal-na-ideya
https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines/The-19th-century
LIFE AND WORKS OF
RIZAL
Group 1.3
EDUCATION
Filipinos are most educated people
The Early Period
- King Philip II
Leyes De Indias
Spanish missionaries that established schools:
-AUGUSTINIANS
-FRANCISCIANS
-JESUITS
-DOMINICANTS
EDUCATION
KINDERGARTEN
PRIMARY EDUCATION
SECONDARY EDUCATION
UNDER GRADUATE COLLEGE
TESDA
ALS
RISE OF THE CHINESE
MESTIZO AND RISE OF
INQUILINOS
RISE OF THE CHINESE MESTIZO
AND RISE OF INQUILINOS
BY THE LATE OF 19TH CENTURY
1815
1849
1869
1886
PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT
RISE OF THE CHINESE MESTIZO
AND RISE OF INQUILINOS
Noli me tangere (1886; Touch Me Not)
LIGA FILIPINA
El filibusterismo (1891; The Reign of Greed)
JOSE RIZAL WAS ARRESTED; 1892
ANDRES BONIFACIO
LIFE AND WORKS OF
RIZAL
Group 1.4
POLITICAL
POLITICAL
Greek word "polis" which means a city-state.
Politics is a set of activities associated with the
governance of a country or an area. It involves
making decisions that apply to members of a
group.
Spain (1565-1898)
United States (1898-1946)
The Spanish - American War
A D M I N I S T R AT R I V E O RG A N I Z AT I O N
Spain established a centralized colonial
government that was composed of a National
Government and the Local Government that
administered provinces, towns, cities and
municipalities.
Spanish Crown (The Monarchy of Spain)
through Ministry of Colonies
LIBERALISM
LIBERALISM
Latin word "liber" which means free.
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy
based on liberty, consent of the governed, and
equality before the law.
The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and The
Execution of three Filipino Priest
The Propaganda Movement
The Revolution: First Phase (1896 - 1897)
Second Phase (1898 - 1899)
Third Phase (1899 - 1901)
REFERENCES
https://sspxasia.com/Newsletters/2002/Jan-
Mar/Liberalism_in_the_Philippines.htm
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism
• https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/MsKrabbs19/rizal-in-
the-19th-century-philippines
• https://youtu.be/MAkPBPpzuF8
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippin
es_(1521–1898)
https://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/History/Philippi
nes-history.htm
LIFE AND WORKS OF
RIZAL
Group 1.5
IMPACT OF BOURBON
REFORMS
Bourbon Reforms ( Reformas
Borbónicas )
- Reorganization of the military, commercial
and administrative structure.
- Inherited by Bourbon dynasty in 1700
from it’s Habsburg predecessors.
- The reforms began in the reigns of King
Philip V of Spain (1700-1746)
IMPACTS OF BOURBON
REFORMS
The racial tensions continued to grow and massive
discontent lead to a number of revolts fo independence.
Instability of colonial administration.
Corruption.
No Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes.
Human rights denied to Filipinos.
No equality before the law.
IMPACTS OF BOURBON
REFORMS
Maladministration of justice.
Racial discrimination.
Frailocracy.
Forced Labor.
Haciendas owned by Friars.
The Guardia Civil.
CÁDIZ CONSTITUTION
CONSTITUCIÓN DE CÁDIZ
Political Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy
The first constitution of Spain and one of the earliest
constitutions in the world history.
It was established on March 19,1812 by Cortes of Cádiz, the
first Spanish legislature.
It came to be the "sacred code" of liberalism; during the 19th
century, it served as a model for liberal constitutions of Latin
nations.
AFTERMATH
when Fernando VII was restored to the throne in 1814, he
refused to recognize it.
These events foreshadowed the long conflict between
liberals and traditionalists that marked Spanish history in the
19th and early 20th centuries.
By the second half of 1826 only Cuba and Puerto Rico
remained under the Spanish flag in the New World.
REFERENCES
https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-
almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bourbon-reforms
Ph.D. Zaide G.F. (1983). JOSE RIZAL: Life, Writings of a Genius,
Writer, Scientist and National Hero. p.XXI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortes_of_C%C3%A1diz
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Constitution_of_1812
