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    Rizal Report ESPIRITU CERVO PALOMA

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    Daryl De Vera
    Rizal annotated Antonio de Morga's work to provide a Filipino perspective on Philippine history before Spanish colonization. In his annotations, Rizal highlighted that pre-colonial Filipinos had metallurgy, shipbuilding industries, and literature. However, his claims were criticized by others like Blumentritt and De Los Reyes for being overly nationalistic. Rizal's annotations expressed his goal of countering the Spanish narrative by emphasizing that Filipinos had their own culture and civilization before the Spanish arrived.

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    Rizal Report ESPIRITU CERVO PALOMA

    Uploaded by

    Daryl De Vera
    259 views21 pages
    Rizal annotated Antonio de Morga's work to provide a Filipino perspective on Philippine history before Spanish colonization. In his annotations, Rizal highlighted that pre-colonial Filipinos had metallurgy, shipbuilding industries, and literature. However, his claims were criticized by others like Blumentritt and De Los Reyes for being overly nationalistic. Rizal's annotations expressed his goal of countering the Spanish narrative by emphasizing that Filipinos had their own culture and civilization before the Spanish arrived.

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    Rizal-Report-ESPIRITU-CERVO-PALOMA

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    Rizal annotated Antonio de Morga's work to provide a Filipino perspective on Philippine history before Spanish colonization. In his annotations, Rizal highlighted that pre-colonial Filipinos had metallurgy, shipbuilding industries, and literature. However, his claims were criticized by others like Blumentritt and De Los Reyes for being overly nationalistic. Rizal's annotations expressed his goal of countering the Spanish narrative by emphasizing that Filipinos had their own culture and civilization before the Spanish arrived.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    259 views21 pages

    Rizal Report ESPIRITU CERVO PALOMA

    Uploaded by

    Daryl De Vera
    Rizal annotated Antonio de Morga's work to provide a Filipino perspective on Philippine history before Spanish colonization. In his annotations, Rizal highlighted that pre-colonial Filipinos had metallurgy, shipbuilding industries, and literature. However, his claims were criticized by others like Blumentritt and De Los Reyes for being overly nationalistic. Rizal's annotations expressed his goal of countering the Spanish narrative by emphasizing that Filipinos had their own culture and civilization before the Spanish arrived.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 21

    “To tell the destiny of a nation, it is

    necessary to open the book that tells


    on her past”
    - Rizal,
    n.d.
    J.S. Cummins of University of London
    Rizal (annotated version of Morga)
    Morga’s version was created Garnier Hermanos, Paris – Reprinted Morgan’s copy
    1609 1889 1971

    1868 1909
    H.E.J Stanley, Hakluyt Society,
    Wenceslao Retana (most accurate
    London (English Translation)– misprints from Morga included)
    History
    The different concepts of Filipino did not exist until Rizal’s time and Filipino nation did
    not exist until the establishment of the Philippine republic under Aguinaldo. Being
    irritated by the false claims written by the Spaniards about the pre-colonial Philippines,
    Rizal realized the importance of the past as the tool to understand the present. Rizal as
    he was writing Philippine history the historiographical importance of this little-read
    scholarly work by Rizal is that it was the first historical work on the Philippines by a
    Filipino.
    He wished to embark on some historical research, but he felt inadequate as what he
    told to Ferdinand Blumentritt after he asked Rizal to write a history of the Philippines.
    By this time, he began working on a sequel for Noli Me Tangere and had a change of
    heart and began to produce a work that will influence his countrymen to think correctly.
    Rizal was a realist who accepted the fact that scholarly books would not be financially
    rewarding and stated to a letter to Blumentritt that his aim was to present a new
    edition to the public, above all the Filipino public and he is doing it solely for his
    country, because his work will not bring him either honor or money.
    Antonio Morga
     Born in 1559 in Seville, Spain
     Graduated from University of Salamanca (1574),
    attained a doctorate in Canon Law (1578)
     In 1580 he joined the government service, appointed
    in 1593 as Lieutenant Governor in Manila
     Rose to fame when he became in charge of the
    Spanish fleet against Dutch invasion, wherein the
    Spaniards lost heavily. As a way of saving face after
    the disaster with the Dutch invaders in Manila in 1600,
    Morga created the version of Battle of Manila which
    consists of eight (8) chapters:
    1. Of the first discoveries of the Eastern Islands
    2. Of the government of Dr. Francisco de Sande
    3. Of the government of don Gonzalo Ronquillo de
    Peñalosa
    4. Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera
    5. Of the government of Gomez Perez Dasmariñas
    6. Of the government of don Francisco Tello
    7. Of the government of don Pedro de Acuña
    8. An account of the Philippine Islands
    Reasons why religious literature was not
    considered and Morga’s work was preferred by
    Rizal:
    *religious testimonials by Chinese was done after
    they have been converted into Catholics.
    *Morgan’s was used to discredit Aduarte’s work.
    *Jesuits were spared to tirades, but 50 years behind
    secular opinions and science.
    Rizal’s choice of Morga
    1. Morga was a layman, not a religious chronicler.
    2. Only civil history of the Philippines.
    3. The secular act was more objective more
    trustworthy than religious missionaries.
    4. Morga appears to be more sympathetic/against
    friars who are more racist.
    5. Morga was an eyewitness to the situation in the
    country.
    Rizal stated in his annotation that Filipinos had own
    culture before 1521, thus Filipinos are not saved from
    barbarism by the Spaniards. Flourishing civilization
    could have developed into something if not obliterated
    by the friars.

    *A Visayan couple of the


    nobility caste, dressed in
    embroidered silk and with
    various gold jewellery,
    depicted in the 16th-
    century 
    Notable statements/annotations
    by Rizal:
    Filipinos before the Spaniards had the
    idea of:
     Metallurgy – based on Panday Pira – a well-known ironsmith on
    the region. Rizal based the idea of metallurgy existing on the
    islands of our country because of Panday Pira and his skills on
    being an ironsmith. He stated that no Spaniards nor his (Panday
    Pira) kids know what he can do or replicate the things he did after
    he died. This was proven wrong by a letter of Vera asking help to
    the Viceroy wherein he said that no natives can be skilled enough
    to do big cannons. Leading to the request of cannons came from
    Spanish ships or made by Robles. (a Spanish master founder) This
    was stated in Retana’s version.
    *A typical forge of iron
    workers in northern Luzon
    highlands (From the book
    the tinguian social, religious,
    and economic life of a
    philippine tribe by fay-
    cooper cole, 1922).
     Ship-building industry – Rizal exaggerated that natives could build
    ships that could hold around 2000 tons but later came to extinction
    due to cutting down of trees by the Spaniards.
    *A Karakowa ancient Battles
    hips with Lantaka Cannons.
     Literature – Rizal blamed Spaniards for the loss of pre-Hispanic
    Philippine literature. (which may or may not fully exist)
    - In Retana’s version of the book (Morga), he cited documents
    that task historians from claiming so much from so little (Rizal)
    - Retana stated that Rizal misread the article of Blumentritt
    wherein he stated that Portuguese taught Tagalogs the foundry
    of cannons brought by Portuguese adventurers and deserters.
    Rizal’s annotations were criticized by Blumentritt,
    whom he asked to do a introduction to the book itself.
    On his introduction, he noticed that Rizal’s annotations
    were:
     Not new to the historians, especially the
    Germans who had discussed the same.
     Ahistorical use of hindsight & use of strong
    anti-clerical bias – censure of past events and
    statements against the catholic church. Rizal used
    history as a propaganda weapon against the
    abuses of colonial Spaniards.
    The critique made by Blumentritt has affected his friendship with
    Rizal, but one must remember that Rizal was the one solicited the
    introduction. On the print version was a slightly edited version of the
    introduction made by Rizal.
    Rizal n
    d De los
    aReyes
    Isabelo de los Reyes
     a journalist, businessman, labor leader, politician
    and a prominent member of Iglesia Filipina
    Independiente (Philippine Independent Church).
     Also interested in aspects of Philippine History and
    Culture
     Has published many books, pamphlets and
    articles
    - de los Reyes called out Rizal in his Historia de
    Ilocos, comparing Rizal’s annotations to his own
    research, in which he described as “excessive
    patriotism”
    - de los Reyes called out Rizal in his Historia de Ilocos, comparing
    Rizal’s annotations to his own research, in which he described as
    “excessive patriotism”
    - Rizal responded in La Solidaridad and expressed his feelings by
    using sarcasm and attacked de los Reyes fondness of using
    Philippine terms/Ilocano in his work. He continued his statement by
    flaunting his familiarity of primary sources in Philippine History. He
    even cites seven authors (Pigafetta, Chirino, Morga, Argensola,
    Colin, San Agustin and Aduarte) against the one main source of de
    los Reyes.
    - Juan Luna wrote to Rizal’s that disagreements between
    propagandists was counter-productive and it’s giving the Spaniards
    a “great laugh”
    - Rizal’s patriotism made him over-sensitive or intolerant of
    criticism. He wanted to project the ideal image of an indio. His own
    racist conception of history compared to that of the Spaniards.
    - de los Reyes’ scholarship was more objective – fair as told by
    Tavera. She did not falsify history to glorify ancient (pre-Hispanic)
    civilization of the Filipinos. Rizal expressed committed scholarship –
    References:

    • Rizal's Morga and Views of Philippine History


    Author(s): Ambeth R. Ocampo Source: Philippine
    Studies, Vol. 46, No. 2 (Second Quarter 1998), pp.
    184-214 Published by: Ateneo de Manila University

    • Tracing Origins: "Ilustrado" Nationalism and the


    Racial Science of Migration Waves Author(s):
    Filomeno V. Aguilar, Jr. Reviewed work(s): Source: The
    Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 64, No. 3 (Aug., 2005),
    pp. 605-637
    GROUP
    MEMBERS:
    CERVO, ELLA MAE G.

    ESPIRITU, AARON

    PALOMA, JAIRON

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