What we already
discussed…
Final Period
Course Orientation Topic 9 – Globalization of Religion
Topic 1 - Globalization Topic 10 - Global Population and
Topic 2 - Global Economy Mobility
Topic 3 - Market Integration Topic 11 – Global Demography
Topic 4 - Global Interstate System Topic 12 - Global City
Topic 5 - Global Governance Topic 13- Global Citizenship
Topic 6 - Global Divides Topic 14- Global Food Security
Topic 7 - Asian Regionalism Topic 15- Sustainable
Topic 8 – Global Media Cultures Development
Midterm Examination Final Examination
THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE
SYSTEM
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
• Explain the effects of globalization on governments
• Identify the institutions that govern international relations
• Differentiate internationalism from globalism.
GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM?
Global Interstate system is an institutional arrangement
of governance that addresses regional or globalized
issues that go beyond the scope of a nation-state
(Chase-Dunn, 1981)
WHAT IS AN INTERSTATE SYSTEM?
Chase-Dunn defines an interstate system as a "system of
unequally powerful and competing states in which no single
state is capable of imposing control on all others. These
states are in interaction with one another in a set of shifting
alliance and wars and changes in relative power of states
upsets any temporary set of alliances, leading to a
restructuring of the balance of power" (Chase-Dunn,
1981:20).
Thus, an interstate system is the form of governance for a
globalization (Chase-Dunn, 1981).
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GOVERNMENTS
As the world becomes more interconnected through
politics, trade, and communications, the role of nation-states
and government are also shifting. Thus, national and local
policies are not only based on local context but also
international and global realities. One example of a global
treaty is the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete
the Ozone Layer.
MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES
THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER
• aims to phase out the production of
numerous substances responsible for ozone
depletion, signed in August 26, 1987 with 46
country signatories (US EPA, 2017).
• definitive evidence of the Montreal
Protocol's success was discussed by NASA
and projected that ozone levels will return
to 1980 levels by 2032 (Watts, 2018).
• This is an example of how international
agreements and efforts could fight
borderless challenges and issues specifically
by domesticating international norms.
HOW DOES GLOBALIZATION NEGATIVELY AFFECT
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES?
A local government would like to attract major global investors in their
community by setting up for instance their manufacturing firm in the
area. This could create jobs for the local people and generate
income for local businesses.
However, it entails converting tracks of agricultural land into an
industrial zone. Farmers will be displaced and agricultural production
of the area will be affected.
The global corporation is also demanding lower taxes and lower
income wage in order to finalize their investment in the area. They
argue that they will create more jobs and more income from the local
community and government.
INSTITUTIONS THAT GOVERN GLOBALIZATION
With the growing globalization, the governance of
global relations goes beyond nation-state governments.
Nation-state governments' scale and scope are limited
in addressing regional and global issues like climate
change, cybercrime, and global financial crises. Works
by authors like Dryzek (2012) and Castells (2008) show
the growing emphasis on the role of non-state actors in
global governance.
NON-STATE ACTORS
• Non-government organizations, volunteer
organizations, and interest groups
• The increased number of international organizations
and the expansion of their functions have undeniably
restricted a country's sovereignty to a certain extent.
• Several institutions govern international relations and
affairs.
INSTITUTIONS THAT GOVERNS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND
AFFAIRS.
United Nations
• With 192 member states
• Seen as a facilitator of global governance
• Has regional commissions composed of officials from
different countries in charge of making certain laws
that promulgate certain rights for economic and social
development.
INSTITUTIONS THAT GOVERNS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND
AFFAIRS.
World Bank (WB)
• An international financial institution that provides loans
to countries of the world for capital projects
• Established during the Bretton Woods Conference in
1944.
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
International Organization Key Role/s
International Monetary Fund (IMF) • looks at the stability of the
international monetary system by
monitoring global economy, lends to
countries, and provides policy and
technical advisory functions to
members (Maverick, 2019).
World Trade Organization (WTO) • regulates international trades, ensures
smooth flow of trade, and provides a
forum for negotiations for trade
agreements among countries and
regions of the world (International
Monetary Fund, 2019)
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
International Organization Key Role/s
World Health Organization (WHO) • responsible for global researches on
medicines and vaccines including the
World Health Report and Survey.
Organization for Economic • thirty five member countries aim to
Cooperation and Development stimulate economic progress and
(OECD) world trade by providing a platform to
compare policy experiences and
identify good practices in domestic
and international economic policies
and programs of its members
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
International Organization Key Role/s
International Labor Organization • deals with labor problems and
(ILO) international labor standards and
social protection for workers
Food and Agriculture Organization • leads international efforts to defeat
of the United Nations (FAQ) hunger, eliminate food insecurity and
malnutrition, and increase resilience of
livelihoods and food
OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
International Organization Key Role/s
UNESCO • contributes to peace and security by
promoting international collaboration
through educational, scientific, and
cultural reforms
International Civil Aviation • for regulations of international air
Organization (ICAO); International transport; shipping and prevention of
Maritime Organization (IMO); pollution at sea; developing standards
on ICT; international intellectual
International Telecommunication
property rights standards
Union (ITU); The World Intellectual
Property Organization (WIPO)
GLOBALISM VS. INTERNATIONALISM
GLOBALISM INTERNATIONALISM
• Is an ideology based on the belief • Defined as political, economic,
that flow of people, goods, and and cultural cooperation
information should flow freely between nations. (Roudometof
across national borders. 2005).
(Roudometof 2005).
• Focuses more on the economic • Emphasizes diversity and
aspect of the exchanges among celebrates multiculturalism, while
countries and society. (Sargent globalism focuses more on the
(2008) economic aspect of the
exchanges among countries and
society. (Sargent (2008)
THANK YOU!!
