HBSE

1. This refers to the expression of the interaction between human and their social
environment.

a. Social functioning
b. Role
c. Behavior
d. Communication
2. Older adults have reached Erikson's developmental stage of ego integrity, when they:
a. acknowledge that one cannot get everything one wants in life.

b. assessed their lives and identify actions that had value and purpose.
c. expressed a wish that life could be relived
differently.
d. feel that they are being punished for things they did not do.
3. According to Freud, during what stage does the superego emerge?
a. Genital
b. Oral

c. Phallic
d. Anal
4. What is the part of the personality that compels people to act in perfect accordance with
moral ideals?
a. Id

b. Superego
c. Pleasure principle
d. Reality principle
5. Who is the theorist that focused on the importance of self-concept in personality?

a. Carl Rogers b. Alfred Adler c. Walter Mischel d. Hans Eysenck

6. Which of the following statements about humanistic theories is false?

c. They are based on studies of people with psychological disorders

7. Which of the Jung’s beliefs differed from Freud’s theories?

a. everyone has a collective unconscious

8. Although Johnny loves his cat, he is often too rough with it. To stop the behavior his
parents tell him they will take away his favorite toy. Based on the operant conditioning this is
considered as________.

d. negative punishment
9. You had a car crash; now all the cars scare you. What is occurring to you?

d. generalization
10. What is the formal definition of “operant”?
d. a class of behaviors with an equivalent effect of the environment

11. What does the word "positive" refers to in the term "positive reinforcement"?
a. pleasant emotions
b. logical positivism
c. the scientist's assumption that the procedure will increase frequency of
behavior

d. the application or addition of a stimulus to a situation

12. Negative reinforcement...

a. increases the rate of behavior

b. involves following a behavior with a noxious or aversive stimulus
c. is a form of punishment
d. requires an extinction period
13. What is the consequence of warmth and affection from parents early in life, according to
Horney?
a. a "spoiled child" syndrome
b. a feeling that nothing is difficult, and
effort is unneeded

c. "basic confidence"
d. a preoccupation with receiving, not giving affection
14. Our need for belonging, love, and affection best fall under which category according to
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
a. Security Needs
b. Physiological Needs
c. Esteem Needs

d. Social Needs
15. The process of saying freely whatever comes to mind in connection with dreams,
memories, fantasies, or conflicts, in the course of a psychodynamic therapy session is referred
to as
a. systematic desensitization
b. flooding

c. free association
d. exposure treatment
16. Which of the following pairs of personality theorists and perspectives is INCORRECT?
a. Abraham Maslow; existentialist
b. Carl Rogers; humanist

c. Carl Jung; genetic

d. Sigmund Freud; psychodynamic
17. We can attribute to the ecological systems theory of development.
a. Adler

b. Bronfenbrenner
c. Chomsky d. Piaget

18. Which of the following statements most closely reflects the ecological systems theory of
development?

a. It takes an entire nation to raise a child.

b. It takes a closely knit family to raise a child.
c. It takes an interconnected network of families to raise just one child.
d. It takes a strongly devoted neighborhood to raise a child.
19. Situation: A 42-years old male client is admitted in the ward because of his bizarre
behaviors. He is given a diagnosis of schizophrenia paranoid type. The client should have
achieved the developmental task of:
a. Trust vs. mistrust
b. Industry vs. inferiority

c. Generativity vs. stagnation

d. Ego integrity vs. despair
20. The purpose for which projection is primarily used by clients who are suspicious is
a. to deny reality

b. to deal with feelings and thoughts that are not acceptable

c.to show resentment towards others
d. to manipulate others
21. The client is very hostile toward one of the staff for no apparent reason. The client is
manifesting
a. Splitting

b. Transference
c. Counter-transference
d. Resistance
22. A client who joins a support group and frequently preaches against abuse is
demonstrating the use of _________.
a. denial

b. reaction formation
c. rationalization
d. projection
23. Which theory adhere to the belief that people in the society battle over scarce resources
like money, power, and prestige?
a. Structural Functionalism

b. Conflict
c. Symbolic Interaction
d. Feminist
24. Conflict theory is primarily based in the work of
a. Emile Durkheim
b. Herbert Spencer
c. August Comte

d. Karl Marx
25. Why is the act of drinking coffee symptomatic of globalization?
a. The act unites us with the millions of others who start their day with a cup of coffee.
b. The act increases an individual's sense of connectedness with people of other races,
ethnicities, and national backgrounds from all over the planet.

c. The act shows how we are caught up in a complicated set of social and
economic relationships stretching across the world
d. Drinking coffee is simply drinking coffee and does not involve globalization.
26. Functionalism and Marxism are similar in the context that they are structural theories.
What does it mean?
a. They believe that social structures are irrelevant in society

b. They believe that society is made up of interrelated parts

c. They believe that social institutions have
power over people
d. They believe that people shape the social structures of society
27. The processes of (1) the working class becoming more like the middle class, and (2) the
middle class becoming more like the working class are known respectively as

a. embourgeoisement and proletarianization

b. homogenization and pasteurization
c. proletarianization and embourgeoisement d. professionalization and pauperization
28. This believes in Mutual Interdependence among nations particularly their economic
systems.

a. World Systems Theory

b. Structural-Functionalist Theory
c. Modernization Theory
d. Dualism Theory
29. Freeing up the economy by removing barriers and restrictions to create laissez-faire
atmosphere is called ____.
a. Socialism
b. Structural Adjustment

c. Neoliberalism
d. Deregulation
30. The following are demographic characteristics of cities, EXCEPT one.

A. Homogeneity of people
B. Population density
C. Number
D. Heterogeneity of people
31. The question "Who am I?" as the thing expressed and repeated in countless variations by
late adolescents, is reflective of their alleged
a. Ideological crisis

b. Identity crisis
c. Interruption crisis
d. Institutional crisis
32. Maslow's hierarchy of human needs identifies this need as the highest.
a. Esteem
b. Physiological
c. Belongingness and love
d. Self-actualization
33. According to the psychoanalytic theory, the system of the personality concerned with right
and wrong is called the
a. Ego
b. Superego
c. Instinct
d. Id
34. The person who continues to focus inappropriately on the needs of a certain stage of
development is said to be____________.
a. Gratified
b. Frustrated
c. Immobilized
d. Fixated
35.The child experiences the conflict between trust versus mistrust during this phase
a. Puberty
b. Anal
c. Latency
d. oral
36. This is an array of physiological devices that function as foil against danger to the self.
a. Discrimination
b. Defense mechanism
c. Differential diagnosis
d. Drug abuse
37. The stage at which the individual experience identity versus role confusion is
a. Old age
b. Adolescence
c. Latency
d. None of the above
38. It is a process emphasized Ivan Pavlov, in which a previously neutral stimulus becomes
capable of eliciting a response because of its association with a stimulus that automatically
produces the same or a similar response.
a. Classical conditioning
b. Behavior modifications
c. Operant conditioning
d. Stimulus-response theory
39. The basic conflict faced by people in their middle age or adulthood (35-60) is
a. Trust vs. mistrust
b. Integrity vs. despair
c. Generativity vs. stagnation
d. Intimacy vs. isolation
40. The principle of object permanence is the main feature of this stage
a. Sensorimotor
b. Formal operations
c. Pre-operational
d. Concrete
41. The state of strain that may be physical or psychological is called
a. Stress
b. Worry
c. Fatigue
d. Discomfort
42. The release and freeing of emotion through talking about one's problems is called
a. Upliftment
b. Elation
c. Catharsis
d. Praxis
43. It is a psychological injury.
a. Stigma
b. Conflict
c. Trauma
d. Disability
44. It refers to the individual or the collective manifestation of the person's sensuality, capacity
for intimacy, his/her sexual identity, reproduction capability and interpersonal influence.
a. Sexuality properties that distinguish organisms on the basis of their reproductive role
b. Genital sexuality
c. Abnormal sexuality
d. Human sexuality
45. It refers to the unconscious, intensified feelings of being insignificant, insecure or unable
to cope with life.
a. Superiority complex
b. Insecurity
c. Inferiority complex
d. Martyr complex
46. In Freudian thought, this refers to the psychological functioning based on the pursuit of
pleasure and avoidance of pain.
a. Ethical principle
b. Moral principle
c. Reality principle
d. Pleasure principle
47. This is the psychoanalytic term for the energy associated first with life instincts and later
with sexual instincts.
a. Stamina
b. Vigor
c. Viagra
d. Libido

48. This is the part of the psyche wherein its principal role is to mediate between the
instinctual demands and the conditions imposed by the objective world.
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Mind
49. Hostile behavior intended to inflict harm upon others is called as
a. Aggression
b. Repression
c. Regression
d. Oppression
50. According to Piaget, egocentrism is characteristic of this stage a
a. Formal operation
b. Concrete operation
c. Pre-operational
d. Sensorimotor
51. It is a key concept in Carl Roger's theory of personality, which refers to the self-concept the
individual would most like to possess.
a. Ego freud
b. Proprium
c. Ideal self
d. Individuality
52. Which of the following is NOT included in the deficiency needs of Maslow?
a. Esteem needs
b. Belongingness and love
c. Safety needs
d. Self-actualization
53. While Freud's theory of development is characterized as Erikson's model is regarded as
personality psychosexual,
a. Humanistic
b. Psychosocial
c. Behaviorist
d. Bio-social
54. The competition of a son with the father for mother's love is called
a. Identification
b. Electra complex
c. Oedipus complex
d. Rivalry
55. It is a process in which behaviors are shaped through the use of secondary reinforces.
a. Behavior modification
b. Shaping
c. Token economy
d. Extinction
56. Any situation, development or event that possesses an obstacle to the person's important
life goal that is extremely difficult is called
a. Composition
b. Claustrophobia
c. Conscientization
d. Crisis
57. This is the process of making the most of one's capabilities leading to excellence.
a. Self-determination
b. Self-concept
c. Self-actualization
d. Self-awareness
58. Erikson has considered the development of a sense of industry as a crucial theme of late
childhood. Without this, the child develops
a. Feeble-mindedness
b. Feelings of inferiority and superiority
c. Fixation
d. Family disorganization
59. It is Roger's concept of expressing the need for warmth, liking, respect and acceptance
from others.
a. Need for belongingness
b. The proprium
c. Need for cognitive understanding
d. Need for positive regard
60. It is also known as the third force psychology, with emphasis on the experiencing person,
creativity and the dignity and enhancement of the people
a. Behaviorism
b. Psycho-social theory
c. Psychoanalytic theory d. Humanistic theory
61. Rogers identified this as the conditions under which a person will experience positive
regard
a. Condition for self-regard
b. Conditions for self-esteem
c. Facilitating conditions
d. Conditions of worth
62. The highest level of hierarchy of needs which can be reached only if the proceeding needs
of levels have been adequately satisfied is called
a. Actualizing tendency
b. Aesthetic need
c. Self-actualization
d. All of the above
63. "You have to encode or mentally represent what it is you intended to learn" pertains to
what process of observational learning?
a. Attentional process
b. Retention process
c. Motivational process
d. Reproduction process
64. "You have to look or hear a something new." The preceding corresponds to what process of
learning which is referred to as statement observational
a. Attentional process
b. Retention process
c. Motivational process
d. Reproduction process it should be production not reproduction
65. When a child is scolded for or accused of some misdeed says it was not him who did it but
some other child often an imaginary one. It is referred to as
a. projection
b. displacement
c. identification
d. regression
66. A woman is forced to undertake a restrictive diet; she becomes interested in painting and
does a number of still life pictures, most of which include fruit. This is an example of
a. projection
b. sublimation
c. reaction formation
d. splitting
67. A man, unable to accept that he has competitive or hostile feelings about an acquaintance,
says, "He doesn't like me." This is an example of
a. projection
b. sublimation
c. reaction formation
d. splitting
68. A married woman who is disturbed by feeling attracted to one of her husband's friends
treats him rudely. This is an example of
a. displacement
b. projection
c. splitting
d. reaction formation
69. When asked to recommend a friend for a job, a man makes derogatory comments which
prevent the friend from getting the position; a few days later, the man drops in to see his
friend and brings him a small gift. This act is an example of
a. resistance
b. splitting
c. suppression
d. undoing
70. This means avoiding emotions by focusing on thoughts and abstractions.
a. rationalization
b. intellectualization
c. somatization
d. a & b
71. A task of this stage has to do with the acceptance of an impending death
a. middle age
b. maturity
c. adolescence
d. infancy
72. The central focus of concern is around the mouth.
a. oral sensory
b. maturity
c. locomotor-genital
d. latency
73. The beginnings of sexual identification is
a. puberty
b. locomotor-genital
c. adolescence
d. young adulthood
74. This is the stage of personality development where there is strong of the peer group and
detachment from home and family
a. infancy
b. adolescence
c. adulthood
d. senility
75. It is the need for symmetry order, system and structure.
a. Cognitive needs
b. Esthetic needs
c. esteem needs
d. need for self-actualization
76. The need to know and understand, curiosity, the need to understand the mysterious, the
need to tackle the unknown.
a. Cognitive needs
b. Esthetic needs
c. esteem needs
d. need for self-actualization

77. Social, emotional and intellectual assets of the use of the body; playing becomes an
important instrument for intellectual development and socialization. This is
a. Muscular-anal
b. Latency
c. Locomotor-genital
d. Oral sensory
78. The necessity of a continuing person to provide mothering is called
a. Muscular-anal
b. Latency
c. Locomotor-genital
d. Oral sensory
79. It is important to provide for self-doing independence; child should not be shamed for
his smallness; be given
a. Latency
b. Locomotor-genital
c. Oral sensory
d. Muscular-anal
80. An individual that starts moving into heterosexual relationships to finally end up in
marriage is in the stage of
a. Puberty and adolescence
b. Adulthood
c. Young Adulthood
d. none of the above
81. It commensurates with child rearing and launching; focuses on the upbringing of the
family and hold them in their later stages of development.
a. adulthood
b. maturity
c. middle adulthood
d. none of the above
82. It is a stage when a child plays with his/her own peer group as important means by which
emotional social development takes place.
a. Locomotor-genital
b. Muscular-anal
c. Latency
d. Phallic
83. This is the stage of awareness of sexual strength -body culture
a. Young Adulthood
b. Puberty and adolescence
c. middle adulthood
d. adulthood
84. The following are the characteristics of maturity or senescence:
I. accepts a new social position according to the particular culture of death.
II. helps his family towards development and at the same time contributing on the community
at large.
III.has a sense of worth in terms of his family and the community of which he is a part
IV. has a concept of timelessness
Choices:
a. I, III & IV
c. I, II, III & IV
b. I, II & III
d. II, III & IV
85. Which of the following are the characteristics of young adulthood?
I. Most adults already have a vocation, occupation or some kind of work.
II. One starts regulating needs and time with the arrival of children
III.One learns to relate himself/herself emotionally to parents, siblings and other people
IV. Forming simple concepts of social and physical reality
Choices:
a. I & II
b. I & III
c. II, III & IV
d. I, III & IV
86. During this period, Freud defends that the erogenous zone of the child becomes the ureter
and therefore the pleasure is obtained at first from expelling feces.
a. oral stage
b. phallic stage
c. anal stage
d. genital stage
87. This is called the stage of "family romance" when the child unconsciously wishes to
possess the opposite-sexed parent and at the same time to eliminate the same sexed parent.
a. anal stage
b. oral stage
c. genital stage
d. phallic stage
88. It refers to any part of human being's body where the inner and outer skin meet; an area
which may have potential when manipulated or arousing pleasant and sensual feelings.
a. foreskin
b. drives
c. instincts
d. erogenous zones
89. The Oedipus Complex which is said to consist of sexual craving for the parent of the
opposite sex and the hostile attitude for the parent of the same sex, is the chief event of this
stage of development.
a. genital stage
b. phallic stage
c. anal stage
d. oral stage
90. This is a plateau in development where problems of the first stage become dormant and
school becomes important.
a. locomotor-genital
b. oral sensory
c. muscular-anal
d. latency
91. The psychosocial stage of development during young adulthood is referred to as
a. intimacy vs. isolation
b. industry vs. inferiority
c. generativity vs. stagnation
d. identity vs. role diffusion
92. Which of the following are the characteristics of later life?
I. Meeting social and civic obligation
II. Establishing arrangements satisfactory living
III.Establishing an explicit affiliation with one's age group
IV. Learning to accept and adjust to the physiological changes
Choices:
a. I & II
b. I, II, III & IV
c. II, III & IV
d. I, II & III
93. It is a key process in human behavior; it pervades everything we do and think.
a. socialization
b. training
c. holistic development
d. all of the above
94. refers to the need for affiliation, belongingness and acceptance.
a. aesthetic needs
b. survival needs
c. cognitive needs
d. social needs

95. A severe mental disorder characterized by disorganization of the thought process,

disturbances emotionally, disorientation as to time, space and person and in some cases,
hallucinations and delusions is called
a. psychosis
b. schizophrenia
c. neurosis
d. retardation
96. This is the stage where one talks on a civic responsibility.
a. Early Adulthood
b. Middle Age
c. Adolescence
d. Adulthood
97. Establishing and maintaining an economic standard of living show a period of
a. Middle Age
b. Adolescence
c. Early Adulthood
d. none of the above
98. In this stage, developing intellectual skills and concepts is necessary for civic acceptance.
a. Early childhood
b. Early Adulthood
c. Pre-Adolescence and Adolescence
d. Middle age
99. What crisis is developed in the Locomotor- genital stage?
a. industry vs. isolation
b. intimacy vs. isolation
c. identity vs. role diffusion
d. initiative vs. guilt
100. What crisis is developed in the muscular- anal stage?
a. industry vs. isolation
b. trust vs. mistrust
c. initiative vs. guilt
d. autonomy vs. shame or doubt
101. It affects a person's total social functioning and it is important to understand that people
incorporate their social and cultural environment, cultural patterns, and influence the manner
and degree of self-expression and life satisfaction of people.
a. social reality
b. social environment
c. social role
d. all of the above

102. The stage of development according to Freud at which the prototype is set for all kinds of
expulsive traits in the adult, e.g. cruelty, destructiveness, temper, tantrums, messy
disorderliness- or which maybe the basis for creativity and productivity depending on the way
the person has been handled in childhood.
a. phallic stage
b. oral stage
c. genital stage
d. anal stage
103. If an adult person does not care about his/her total environment and does not really care
for the well-being of future generations, we could conclude that the person has not truly been
able to develop up to Erikson's seventh psychosocial development stage which works out the
values of
a. basic trust versus basic mistrust
b. identity versus role confusion
c. generativity versus stagnation
d. industry versus inferiority
104. A set of clusters of behaviors expected from a specific social position is technically
referred to as
a. social behavior
b. social role
c. position role
d. model behavior
105. This defense mechanism allows one to excuse his threatening and unacceptable
behaviors and thoughts.
A. Repression
B. Rationalization
C. Introjection
D. Projection
106. Arrange these first four-ego strength or virtue of Erickson in order:
I. Hope
II. Will
III.Competence
IV. Purpose
Choices:
a. I, II, III, IV
b. I, II, IV, III
c. II, III, IV, I
d. IV, III, II, I
107. During this psychosocial stage cooperation with others, team play, same sex peer
identification and introspection develops.
A. Generativity vs. stagnation B. Initiative vs. guilt
C. Industry vs. inferiority
D. Identity vs. role confusion
108. Albert Bandura's theory views people as driven neither exclusively by the forces of
cognition nor automatically by events within the environment. This theory allowed for
cognitive processes and thereby established that learning takes place regardless of rewarding
or punishing consequences.
A. Motivation Theory
B. Humanistic Psychology
C. Social Learning Theory
D. Psychosocial Theory
109. The common developmental tasks in this stage are: marriage, child bearing, work and
developing life style apart from parents. What developmental crisis of Erikson is this
concerned with?
a. Intimacy vs. Isolation
b. Integrity vs. Despair
c. Identity vs. Role Confusion
d. Generativity vs. Stagnation
110. What ego strength or virtue develops during the stage of industry vs. inferiority?
a. Purpose
b. Competence
c. Love
d. Fidelity

111. A defense mechanism by the mother who cannot recall the quarrel with her son before
the tidal wave that killed her son is called
a. Regression
b. Repression
c. Sublimation
d. Displacement
112. Arguing that "everybody else does it, so I don't have to feel guilty" shows
a. Projection
b. Rationalization
c. Reaction formation
d. Identification
113. The oral stage of Freud is also known as
a. Narcissistic stage
b. Compulsive stage
c. Eruptive stage
d. Erogenous stage
114. Boys at this stage have feelings of possessive love for their mothers and see their fathers
as rivals (Oedipus Complex).
a. Phallic stage
b. Latency stage
c. Genital stage
d. Anal stage
115. Those thoughts, feelings and experiences of which we are momentarily unaware but can
readily bring into awareness is called
a. Preconscious
b. Subconscious
c. Unconscious
d. Conscious
116. What ego strength or virtue develops during the stage of trust vs. mistrust?
a. Will
b. Purpose
c. Hope
d. Fidelity
117. Luke spends 16 hours a day practicing for a big game and as a result, he neglects his
wife and children quite often. According to Freud's System of Personality, what part of the
personality system (process) is responsible for the guilty feelings that result from the violation
of the standards and morals set?
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Libido
d. Superego
118. In case of CLASSICAL CONDITIONING Stimulus response sequence, the stimulus
precedes the response. What happens in case of OPERANT CONDITIONING in this sequence?
a. The response is emitted.
b. A substitution in stimuli does not take place.
c. Goal-seeking primarily involved activity is
d. The response occurs prior to the effect
119. There are 3 stages of adulthood defined by Erikson based on the Psycho-Social Crises
that individuals encounter. What characterizes the late adulthood stage?
a. Person formulates plans to leave a legacy
b. Person learns to be intimate with
c. Person becomes aware boundaries and limits of his
d. Person evaluates whether life has been worthwhile
120. There are 3 stages of adulthood defined by Erikson based on the Psycho-Social Crises
that individuals encounter. What characterizes the early adulthood stage?
a. Person learns to be others intimate with others
b. Person formulates plans to leave a legacy
c. Person evaluates whether life has been worthwhile
d. Person becomes aware of his boundaries and limits
121. In case of OPERANT CONDITIONING role of stimulus response sequence, the response is
emitted. What happens in case of Classical Conditioning in this sequence?
a. The response occurs prior to the effect (reward)
b. A substitution in stimuli does not take place.
c. Goal-seeking activity is primarily involved
d. The response is elicited.
122. Which among the following are the characteristics of Psychoanalytic Theory?
I. Theory is based on understanding that one's mental life is made up of both the conscious
and unconscious
II. Emphasis on engaging the whole person and focusing on the future rather than the past
III. Concept of psychological adaptation whereby the mental apparatus attempts to produce a
"steady state" and reduce conflict as much as possible
IV. Important tasks of therapy include self- actualization, personal growth and self-
understanding
Choices:
a. I and II
b. I and III
c. I, II and III
d. II, III and IV
123. The concept that any person during various period of his growth many culture or
environment forces more or less constantly acquire certain lessons that he must learn or
master is referred to as
a. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
b. Training
c. Culture
d. Developmental task
124. Bandura stated that the concept of behavior, person, and environment all work
interactively to promote learning. He called this interaction as
a. Deterministic reciprocity
b. Triadic reciprocal determinism
c. Triadic determination
d. Reciprocal triadic determinant
125. In infancy, the virtue of when the child developed trust. is attained,
a. Autonomy
b. love
c. hope
d. fidelity
126. In a residential center for street children, the new houseparent told the kids that if they
would help him clean the mess brought about by typhoon Ondoy, they will receive special
presents on Christmas. This shows
a. Punishment orientation
b. Good boy-good girl orientation
c. Reward orientation/individualism and exchange
d. Authority orientation
127. Rogers claimed that this develops when the organismic self and the perceived self (self-
concept) do not match.
a. Disorganization
b. Distortion
c. Inconsistency
d. Incongruence
128. The personality theorist who focused his attention on the importance of birth order as a
factor governing personality is
a. Maslow
b. Bandura
c. Adler
d.Jung
129. All of these theorists proposed certain 9aspects of personality development in terms of
stages except for one.
a. Skinner
b. Kohlberg
c. Erikson
d. Piaget
130. When reinforcement is provided after a fixed number of responses, it is called
a. Fixed ratio
b. Variable ratio
c. Fixed interval
d. Variable interval
131. If leaving your apartment removes you from an unpleasant environment, then the time
you spend away from your apartment will increase and this refers to
a. Positive reinforcement
b. Negative reinforcement
c. Positive punishment
d. Negative punishment
132. When the dog is trained to catch a ball, you can give the animal a food reinforcer. Each
time it approaches the ball until finally the dog mouths and grabs the ball. What does this act
refer to?
a. Sensitization
b. Omission training
c. Shaping
d. Extinction
133. A topographical concept states that the personality has a mind, conscious a preconscious
mind, and an unconscious mind. what stage is the determined? human personality
a. In the adolescence
b. When a person is 21
c. In the first five years of life
d. When a person is 18
134. If a person cannot pass emotionally from oral to anal stage, on what factor is the
emotional development "stuck"?
a. The person didn't receive the needed affection
b. The cathexis was not strong enough
c. The person has experienced too much pain
d. The fixation was not intense enough
135. If maturity is the living out of the results of the pre-genital (oral, anal, and phallic) and
genital stages, what is specific for the oral stage?
a. One has the first experience of "imposed control"
b. Pleasure is derived from nursing and sucking
c. Pleasure is derived from fondling of genitals
d. Children observe the differences between males and females
136. One of the eight developmental tasks that adolescent development encompasses is
occupational selection and preparation. What can be defined as a task of the Early Adulthood
stage?
a. Managing a career
b. Accepting life
c.Coping with physical changes
d. Exploring intimate relationships and starting a family
137.According to Erikson's to theory, there are eight psycho-social stages 137. According
which unfold with continuity over the life span as the individual endeavors to attain a mature
sense of identity. At what developmental stage does the Intimacy vs. Isolation Crisis occur?
Psycho-social developmental
a. Old-age
b. Middle adulthood
c. Early adulthood
d. None of the above
138. Jen quits school to ensure she doesn't have to speak in public. What defense mechanism
is she using?
a. Denial
b. Avoidance
c. Sublimation
d. Passive-aggression
139. Gwen wanted to be a doctor, but she was not accepted to medical school and became a
pharmacist instead. This is called?
a. Acting out
b. Compensation
c. Avoidance
d. Aim inhibition
140. Jeanette was abused as a child. She doesn't remember the abuse but now struggles to
trust others and form relationships. This situation is an example of
a. Displacement
b. Repression
c. Affiliation
d. Avoidance
141. Which defense mechanism did Freud believe to be a sign of maturity?
a. Repression
b. Displacement
c. Sublimation
d. Regression
142. Bill's friends confront him about his excessive drinking, but he thinks he doesn't have a
problem. Bill is experiencing
a. Compensation
b. Denial
c. Rationalization
d. Displacement
143. During her morning jog, Linda encounters a growling dog and fears the animal will bite
her. Freud identified this as
a. Reality anxiety
b. Moral anxiety
c. Neurotic anxiety
d. Libidinal anxiety
144. A man who cheats on his wife accuses her of being unfaithful. This is an example of
a. Sublimation
b. Repression
c. Rationalization
d. Projection
145. Mary has an argument with her boss and yells at her kids when she gets home. Which
defense mechanism is Mary displaying?
a. Denial
b. Rationalization
c. Displacement
d. Reaction formation
146. After being diagnosed with cancer, Greg learns everything he can about his illness. His
response is an example of
a. Intellectualization
b. Regression
c. Sublimation
d. Rationalization
147. Clare gets fired and blames her job loss on her co-workers. This is an example of which
defense mechanism?
a. Displacement
b. Denial
c. Rationalization
d. Sublimation

Case No. 1

Julius Davao and Curly Shell have been dating for two years. Curly breaks up with Julius
because he cheated on her with Dina P. Pigil. Curly tells her friend Kelly Ling about Julius,
but she tells her without showing any emotion. Julius continues to call Curly and treat her as
he did when they were going out. Dina P. Pigil, who did not know about Curly, tells Julius that
she is glad that he feels guilty for hurting Curly. She also tells him that it will take a long time
to get over the guilt.
148. What kind of defense mechanism is used by Curly?
a. repression
b. denial
c. projection
d. isolation
149. What kind of defense mechanism is used by Julius?
a. repression
b. denial
c. projection
d. isolation
150. Dina is using mechanism. as a defense
b. denial
a. repression
c. projection
d. isolation
151. The ability to think abstractly and systematically solve problems emerges during the
a. Concrete Operational Stage
b. Sensorimotor Stage
c. Formal Operational Stage
d. Preoperational Stage
152. Which is an example of a child in the sensorimotor intelligence stage as proposed by
Piaget?
a. Pim Paul is 12 years old. He is really good at testing hypotheses.
b. Tin D. Humalo is eight years old. She loves to play with Play Doh and understands no
matter how she manipulates it, it is still the same Play Doh.
c. Terra Nova is a one-year old infant. She interacts with the world by putting things in her
mouth, pushing and pulling things, or grabbing them with her hands.
d. Prito Pimintel is three years old. He loves his tall, skinny Sippy cup more than his short,
wide sippy cup because he thinks the taller cup has more juice.
153. What is the correct order of Piaget's four
stages of cognitive development?
a. Sensorimotor, concrete operational, pre- operational, formal operational
b. Pre-Operational, sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational
c. Sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational
d. Pre-operational, concrete operational, sensorimotor, formal operational
154. Becca is in the 5th grade. She has never been a great student in school. However. Becca
now realizes that if she spends more time practicing her spelling, she tends to do better on her
spelling tests. Becca is at what stage of cognitive development?
a. Pre-operational stage
b. Formal operational stage
c. Sensorimotor stage
d. Concrete operational stage
155. Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority can be compared to which of Freud's
psychosexual stages?
a. Phallic stage
b. Oral stage
c. Latency
d. Anal stage
156. According to Piagetian theory, cognitive development is influenced by all of the following
EXCEPT for one.
a. perception.
b. reasoning.
c. verbal facilities.
d. language.
157. Which of the following advancements would be new to a child reaching the preoperational
stage?
a.The ability to consider multiple aspects of a problem.
b. The ability to consider past and present activities.
c. The ability to experiment with circular reactions.
d. The ability to calculate probabilities.
158. According to Piaget, the middle childhood years bring a new set of skills and concrete
operations that
d. provide general, abstract rules and strategies for examining and interacting with the world
159.
b. initiative vs. guilt; 3
160.
c. the ability to commit oneself
161.Susan is BEST classified as fitting into Erikson's stage. (NAA NI SITUATION PERO
BLURRED)
a intimacy vs. isolation
b. generativity vs. stagnation
c. integrity vs. despair
d. identity vs. role confusion
162. Rachel joined the Olympic gymnastics team when she was 13. She has been a gymnast
all of her life and has not considered other options. Now, at the age of 26, Rachel has severely
injured her knee and can no longer compete. She finds that she doesn't have an identity
beyond that is associated with gymnastics. Which of the following statements would Erikson
most likely make?
a. Rachel can now resolve the crisis of identity achievement; it doesn't matter when it
happens.
b. Rachel missed her opportunity to reach identity achievement and there is little hope for her
to lead a normal life.
c. Rachel can skip the stage of identity achievement and lead a normal life.
d. Rachel developed a maladaptive identity in her teens and needs to take time with a
counselor to resolve the identity crisis.
163. A child has a good day at school and goes home and shares that excitement with his or
her parents. This represents the influence of which system?
a. microsystem
b. mesosystem
c. exosystem
d. macrosystem
164. A child who says it is wrong to steal because she might get caught would be in Kohlberg's
stage.
a. punishment and obedience orientation
b. Instrumentail thedonism
c. "good boy" or "good girl" morality
d. authority and sociall onder maintaining morallity
165. A teenager who begins using alcohol because all his friends are doing it is probably im
Kohilberg's stage.
a. punishment and obedience orientation
b. Instrumental hedonism
c. "good boy" or "good girl" morality
d. authority and social onder maintaining morailty
166. At what level of morall development are the rules and standards of society internallized
and held as one's own?
a. pre-conventional
b. conventionall
c. post-conventional
d. autonomous
167. Which is an example of the autonomy versus shame and doubt stage?
a. An infant chewing on a teething ring
b. A preschooler insisting on picking out her own clothes, no matter how mismatched they are
C. A middle-schooler completing challenging math assignment a
d. A teenager trying out new fashions and hairstyles
168. The central theme of Erikson's theory of psychosocial stages is the development of
a. Personality
b. Psychosocial conflict
c. Social status
d. Ego identity
169. What do people face during each psychosocial stage that can serve as a turning point in
development?
a. Epiphany
b. Conflict
c. Paradigm shift
d. Turmoil
170. If a child struggles to do well in school, what problem might emerge?
a. Struggle with feelings of inferiority
b. Experience a sense of guilt
c. Develop a poor self-identity
d. Begin to mistrust the people around him
171. Successfully completing the eighth stage of psychosocial development leads to emergence
of what quality? the
a. Hope
b. Fidelity
c. Purpose
d. Wisdom
172. Benjamin is an imaginative young boy. He plays many make-believe games with his toys.
One day Benjamin is playing with his toys in the living room when his dad walks in and steps
on one of the toys. Benjamin's dad yells out "Ouch! Benjamin what are all these stupid toys
doing lying around the room. You are too old for playing with toys. Clean these up right now!"
Benjamin picks up his toys quietly and leaves the room.
a. Early Childhood
b. Toddler
c. Elementary and Middle School Years
d. Infancy
173. Teacher Sakura noticed that one of her students is fond of biting the tip of the ballpen.
Which theory will best explain her student's behavior?
a. Piaget's Cognitive Theory
b. Pavlov's Classical Conditioning
c.Freud's Psychosexual Theory
d. Skinner's Operant Conditioning
174. Naruto, who is 5-years old, is fond of playing with his penis when he urinates. In which
stage of Freud's theory can Naruto be considered?
a. Phallic
b. Genital
c. Anal
d. Latency
175. Which will probably happen if a child failed to resolve the crisis of the anal stage?
a. The child may become sexually promiscuous
b. The child may have problems with trust
c. The child may become obsessed with cleanliness
d. The child may become a smoker
176. Punishment is the _____of reinforcement.
a. Opposite
b. Principle
c. Basis
d. Equivalent
177. People make sense of their world through an understanding of everyday rules. This is
view is expressed by
a. Marxists
b. Interactionists
c. Functionalists
d. Feminists
178. Id is to "Just do it" as superego is to
a. "Wait till later."
b. "Do your own thing."
c. "Don't do it."
d. "Oh, sit on it."
179. The unconscious contains
a. material that can easily be brought to awareness.
b. everything we are aware of at a given moment.
c. repressed memories and emotions.
d. thoughts, perceptions, and memories.
180. Freud believed that personality was typified by __________.
a. a delicate balance of power among the three personality structures.
b. a lack of struggle among the three personality structures in the healthy Individual.
c. a lack of struggle among the three personality structures in the unhealthy individual.
d. a state of struggle among the three personality structures in which the id gets caught in the
middle.
181. Psychologists who believe that people grow and develop throughout their lives and that
people are inherently good are
a. psychoanalysts.
b. radical behaviorists.
c. social learning theorists.
d. humanists.
182. A psychiatrist who explains pathological behavior as a conflict between underlying
psychological forces is using the model.
a. psychoanalytic
b. behavioral
c. medical
d. humanistic
183. According to behaviourist ____.
a. hostile, generous, or destructive Impulses arise in the unconscious.
b. personality is acquired through conditioning and observational learning.
c. personality is strongly influenced by one's self-image.
d. personality develops from initial feelings of inferiority.
184. We each have a perception of our own personality traits. This perception strongly
Influences our behavior. Psychologists call this perception
a. self-evaluation.
b. inner concept.
c. self-concept.
d. self-esteem.
185. In Adler's view, the main striving of personality is for
a. dominance.
b. sophistication.
c. instincts.
d. superiority.
186. I am in my late forties. If I do not reach out to others, especially to young people, Erikson
says I will experience
a. shame.
b. isolation.
c. stagnation.
d. guilt.
187. Which of the following best describes the unusual events that occurred in Pavlov's
laboratory leading him to the discovery of classical conditioning?
a. Dogs salivated after meat powder was placed in their mouths.
b. Dogs sometimes salivated before meat powder was placed in their mouths.
c. Salivation existed in dogs as an unlearned reflex.
d. Dogs salivated if and only if they were given a reward.
188. In operant conditioning, the occurs the response, classical conditioning, It occurs
reinforcer and in
a. after; before
b. before, after
c.before; before
d. after, after
189. When you are first learning golf, you may hit one or two great shots in an entire round.
You are being reinforced on what kind of partial reinforcement schedule?
a. fixed interval
b. fixed ratio
c. variable ratio
d. variable Interval
190. Your niece has a temper tantrum in the store when she is shopping. If you buy her a toy,
you are ______.
a. being practical.
b. being kind.
c. encouraging more tantrums.
d. discouraging behaviors. more destructive
191. Negative reinforcement responding; punishment responding.
a. increases; Increases
b. decreases; decreases
c. increases; decreases
d. decreases; increases
192. Alder believed that organ inferiorities
a. cause superiority personalities.
b. cause inferiority personalities.
c. bestow meaning and purpose on all behavior.
d. stimulate feelings of inferiority