CPAR Week 9: Different Contemporary Art Techniques and Performance

• Packaging. The packaging design can be simple and straight forward,

or colorful and complex (decorated packaging).
An art is always created with a technique. A technique is the way the artist
uses and manipulates the materials to express an idea or feeling through an Taka (Paete, Laguna) Taka refers to the paper maché using carved wooded
art. This lesson will discuss the traditional art techniques, their descriptions, sculpture used as a mold.
and applications to contemporary arts. This lesson will guide you to easily
identify the evident techniques used in the contemporary artwork. • Paper Maché. Using molds, paper pieces or pulp are put together
with a glue or other adhesives.

Pagbuburda (Taal, Batangas and Lumban, Laguna) Taal embroideries are

A. Application of Traditional Techniques to Contemporary Arts characterized by fine design with delicate, embossed, durable and colorful
patterns.
Puni (Bulacan) - This is a popular Bulakenyo’s way of decorating using leaf
fronds folding which has a Malayan origin. • Stitching. Stitches are the basic elements of sewing, knitting or
embroidery whether by hand or machine.
• Straw Folding. In this art, the straws are folded by rolling elongated
• Loom Bands. These are also called as rainbow looms which are a
sheets of wax coated paper into cylindrical, hollow tubes.
plastic tool used to weave Colorful rubber and plastic bands into
• Origami is from ori meaning “folding”, and kami means “paper”.
decorative items such as bracelets and charms.
Origami is the art of paper folding that is associated to Japanese
• Nylon Bracelets. A tough light weight elastic synthetic polymer
culture
ornament band hoop or chain worn on the wrist.
Singkaban (Malolos, Bulacan) It is a decorated bamboo arch to welcome
B. Common Techniques in Contemporary Arts
signage of a town, city or village in the country.
1. Minimalism. This is an artistic movement that seeks to take away
• Bamboo Art. To use bamboo for decorations, it must undergo some
unnecessary and leaving only the essential. The artworks that usually
processes such as cleaning and cutting, peeling, splitting, stripping or
use this technique use a well selected material that is indispensable
weaving it. For more detailed designs, artists use incising, burning,
in art production.
carving, and dyeing.
2. Found Objects. This means taking something that people seem to
Saniculas (Pampanga) Saniculas cookies made with imprint of San Nicolas de find useless and use it in a unique way in order to make an artwork.
Tolentino, the miracle healer according to Pampanga’s local legend. When people seem to think that something must be thrown away as
junk, it is used to tell a story and create a diverse perspective that we
• Polvoron Molder. This kitchen tool can help you mold the powder for
are looking for.
polvoron into perfectly oval or round shapes (biscuit molder,
3. Large-Scale Art. This is an art that accounts for the creation of
doughnut molder.
something huge to express diverse perspectives in artwork. This art is
Pabalat (San Miguel, Bulacan) The art of making the pabalat or pastillas created for public view.
wrappers has transformed in recent years from being a local, folk tradition
into a popular art.
II. Medium Used in Contemporary Art Forms Classification: Environmental

Often, artists will most likely use materials available to them. This means that Description: An art that occupies space
the resources their locality have is important for their art.
Art Form: installation, public art
The “local” can refer to material that is easily available in the community. It
Medium: wires, junk, recycled materials
can be any materials such as woods, materials, paper that are easily produced
and available in the community.

The local can also refer to wherever the artist finds himself or herself. Classification: Pictorial Works
In discussing the use of materials, it is important to discuss medium. Description: uses shapes, pictures, graphics
A medium is defined as the material or substance used to create an artwork. Art Form: painting, drawing, design, photography
Using these materials, the artists express his feelings or thoughts. The
medium used in each artwork varies based on the artists and their art forms. Medium: camera, celluloids/negatives, processing chemicals prints

A. CLASSIFICATION OF ART FORMS ACCORDING TO MEDIUM Classification: Narrative

Classification: Musical Description: based on story

Description: use of rhythms, sounds, instrument, human voice Art Form: drama, novel, music and dance

Art Form: music, poetry, song, dance, theatre artist Medium: language

Medium: musical instruments, traditional musical instruments made by local

materials, body and movements, integration of stage, design, performance B. Contemporary Techniques and Materials in Contemporary Arts
elements and script
Mark Salvatus' Secret Garden 2

• This art was created for a small room at the Vargas Museum to show
Classification: Practical a site -specific work. Being able to accommodate the audience and
Description: art with immediate use in daily life experience the "garden" makes the art interactive. It is also important
to note that this secret garden was created with inmates who used
Art Form: designs, architect, sculptor plastic spoons, forks and other materials. minimalism, found objects
Medium: cement, paper, bamboo, wood, bricks, stone, concrete, metal, Interactive Games by Ikoy Ricio
wood, stone, clay, glass
• This artwork is composed of set of trump card with images of
Philippine car wrecks, its body parts and details of accident. These
cards are installed on the table with chairs for the players. found 6. Various techniques and materials are used in Philippine contemporary arts
objects tell something about the way of life of the local and its people.

Untitled (Mirrors) by Maria Taniguchi 7. The desired artform can only be achieved using the appropriate materials
and techniques.
• This artwork used traditional medium of acrylic on canvas and
traditional modern style of abstraction. Instead of typical painting,
the artist used diligent brushwork that the painting encourages
meditations apart from viewing. Large – scale Art, minimalism

Felix Bacolor's Waiting (2012)

• This space in Museum of Contemporary art and design is a simulation

of a waiting room with real digital clocks and metallic immovable
chairs. Large - scale art, minimalism

Anonymous Animals in Mariyah Gallery in Dumaguete 2013 (Taguchi, Teves,

Sollesta, Vanlenzuela and Ranada)

• The excavated animals were presented with specific and scientific

names and other important details for a real animal. Invented stories
by curator make the animals seem to exist with embedded
journalist/photographer. Large- scale art, found objects

SUMMARY

1. The Philippine Contemporary Arts use three major techniques: minimalism,

found objects and large-scale art.

2. A medium is defined as the material or substance used to create an

artwork. Using these materials, the artists express his feelings or thoughts.

3. The classification of art forms according to medium includes musical,

practical, environmental, pictorial, and narrative.

4. Traditional and contemporary arts use local materials based on the context
of the artist and of the art.

5. A technique is the way the artist use and manipulate the materials to
express an idea or feeling through an art.
CPAR Week 10: Local Materials Used in Creating Art Kinds of Local Art Materials

The choice of art materials is a vital part of the artist’s approach to his The use of local art materials in creating various types of arts has become the
or her work and it is important to pick the right kind of materials. As a new or showcase of Filipino creativity, resourcefulness, and artistry. The following are
budding student-artist, any artwork that you will be creating is considered as kinds of local materials that can be found in the different regions and
contemporary art provided that it is an original concept. It should be provinces of the country:
conceived by the artist him or herself. Call it reproduction or personal
1. Abaca, also called manila hemp, is extracted from the leaf sheath around
rendition, copying somebody else’s work is short of making some kind of
the trunk of the abaca plant known scientifically as Musa textilis, which is
artistic plagiarism. It’s duplicating an original artwork with or without
related to the banana plant. Initially used as material for rope, the abaca
insignificant changes.
found its way in 9 the arts. The plant can be found in plantations in the Bicol
In creating a unique and original contemporary artwork, many artists Region and in the different regions of Mindanao.
rely on the appropriate and adequate supply of art materials. Local art
2. Coconut Shells or bao, are actually used for wood carving, improvised
materials are locally available materials from the region, province, city or
cooking utensils and myriads of other uses. Laminated coconut shells are
town. The availability and accessibility of local art materials make them
considered as almost the same as the quality and appearance of turquoise
convenient and easy to use in creating art. Local art materials in combination
shells or ivory. Coconut shells are bountiful anywhere in the country where
with the tools and equipment used to create art are referred to collectively as
coconut palm trees, scientifically known as Cocos nucifera, are planted. These
art media. For example, paint and brush, paint is the material, and brush is
shells are byproducts of coconut fruit processing.
the tool, together they make art media.
3. Bamboo or kawayan, mistakenly identified as a tree, is actually a kind of
grass. Classified scientifically as a plant of the subfamily Bambusoideae of the
Local and Indigenous Art Materials grass family Poaceae. It is found almost throughout the archipelago. The
bamboo stem has plenty of uses and one of its prominent use is in creating
It is important to distinguish the difference between indigenous art art.
materials and local art materials. Anything indigenous naturally comes from
the place or locality. It is not introduced to the place or imported from 4. Capiz or kapis shells come from the windowpane oyster, a bivalve marine
somewhere else. Whereas, anything local also comes from the place or mollusk in the family of Placunidae. They are abundant in the Philippines,
locality but may or may not be originally part of that place or locality. It could commonly found along the coastal waters. Cleaned and processed capiz shells
have been introduced to the place or locality by colonists or settlers from are used for various artistic applications like windows, lanterns, and walling
other places.
5. Rattan is a naturally renewable palm belonging to the subfamily
• Indigenous art materials are materials that are natural or inherent Calamoideae of climbing palms. It is widely used as furniture, handicrafts, and
from the place or locality. It has been there right from the start. building material. It is grown in plantations in Western Visayas and Mindanao.
• All indigenous art materials are local materials but not all local art
6. Small or Cowrie shells or sigay, scientifically named Cypraea chinensi,
materials are indigenous.
measure about 2 centimeters each. They are often used in shell jewelry and
• Local art materials could be a mix of indigenous art materials and shell craft work. They are popular for their vibrant color. They are found on
introduced art materials. sandy seafloor around the Philippine islands
7. Junk, which are old or discarded articles, are considered useless or of little Kinds of Local Art Materials:
value but for the creative eyes of an artist they are essential in creating a 1. Abaca (Manila Hemp):
wellknown art form called junk art. The discarded materials stored or hidden - Extracted from the leaf sheath around the trunk of the abaca plant.
away inside homes or thrown in garbage bins are usually made up of plastic, - Found in Bicol Region and Mindanao.
wood and metal. 2. Coconut Shells (Bao):
- Used for wood carving and various crafts.
8. Dried leaves falling off from branches of trees and plants are inexhaustible.
- Abundant where coconut palm trees are planted.
Ranging from pale yellow to dark brown, dried leaves are plentiful throughout
3. Bamboo (Kawayan):
the year. Dried leaves art is already considered a craft of its own. Palm,
- Grass plant used in various arts.
pandanus, or sea grass leaves are used to create artistic mats or banig.
- Found throughout the Philippines.
9. Plant seeds can be acquired from farms and rural areas. Others can be 4. Capiz Shells (Kapis):
bought commercially like corn, sorghum, mung beans, sunflower and the like. - Come from windowpane oysters.
Seed art can be found in certain localities. They are distinct for their creative - Abundant in coastal waters of the Philippines.
and colorful designs. 5. Rattan:
- Palm used in furniture and handicrafts.
10.Rocks and sand of various types are abundant. They vary in size and color, - Grown in Western Visayas and Mindanao.
allowing for varied art forms. 6. Cowrie Shells (Sigay):
• Local art materials can be classified as traditional and non- - Used in shell jewelry and crafts.
traditional. - Found on sandy seafloor around the Philippines.
• Traditional art materials available locally are those that are usually 7. Junk:
bought from department stores and bookstores. They include - Discarded materials used in junk art.
crayons, oil pastel, watercolor, colored pencils and other usual - Plastic, wood, and metal are common materials.
materials used in school. 8. Dried Leaves:
• Non-traditional art materials are materials that are not usually used - Used in crafts like mats or banig.
in creating art like coffee, plastic bottles and recyclable materials - Palm, pandanus, or sea grass leaves are used.
that are similar to those used in junk art. 9. Plant Seeds:
- Used in seed art, creating colorful designs.
SUMMARY - Acquired from farms or bought commercially.
Importance of Art Materials: 10. Rocks and Sand:
- Essential for artist's approach to their work. - Abundant and varied, used in various art forms.
- Vital to choose the right materials.
- Contemporary art requires original concepts, avoiding plagiarism.
Classification of Local Art Materials:
Local and Indigenous Art Materials: Traditional:
- Indigenous materials are native to the region, not introduced. - Usually bought from stores, e.g., crayons, watercolor.
- Local materials may or may not be originally from the area. Non-Traditional:
- All indigenous materials are local, but not vice versa. - Unconventional materials like coffee, plastic bottles, recyclables.
CPAR Week 11: Critiquing Available Materials and Appropriate Availability. An art material has to be obtainable, ready for use, at hand.
Techniques Simply put, the art material exists or is physically present for the artist to use.
It is already there; this is the quality of being able to be used or obtained.
Critiquing Versus Criticizing
Accessibility. An art material has to be within the artist’s reach, easily
• Taking note of the process of creation, paying attention to the kind acquired without much effort or difficulty for the artist. It is the quality of
art materials and the way they were used, considering the art being acquired or used easily.
technique that was applied, are some of the ways of critiquing.
• However, relying on feelings for evaluation, depending heavily on the Affordability. An art material has to be within the financial capacity of the
visual appeal of the artwork, judging the finished product of the artist to be purchased or bought. The artist can bear or meet the expense of
creation as either beautiful or ugly, nice or not nice, are some of the acquiring the needed art material. Though a cheap good quality art material
gauges used for criticizing. is good but an art material acquired for free is still the best.
• Critique is taken from the Greek kritike tekhne, which means "the Critiquing Appropriate Art Technique
critical art“. It is somewhat a formal word that typically refers to a
careful judgment. It refers to the detailed analysis and assessment of Art Technique is the manner and ability by which an artist employs
something. On the other hand, criticism refers to a sharp or severe the technical skills of a particular art. It is the means, process or methods of
disapproval of something, generally based on perceived faults or using art materials in a manner that the artist wants to use in order to create
errors. It is judging with disapproval. It is negative in nature. an artwork. It is also important to assess art technique that is going to be used
in creating an artwork. Some of the considerations in critiquing the
Critiquing appropriate art technique are appropriateness, mastery and practicality.
- Thought more than felt Appropriateness. The manner by which the artist is going to apply in creating
- Concerned with the process of creating art an artwork should be suited to the kind of art materials that will be used as
- Considered the artist’s technique well as suited to the kind of art technique.
- More objective than subjective
Mastery. It is expected that the artist is skilled and highly knowledgeable of
Criticizing the art technique. The right art materials are there and the suited art
- Felt more than thought technique is appropriate to the art form but if the artist is not adept with the
- Concerned with what is perceived through the senses use of the specific technique to be applied, the outcome might run contrary
- Considered the artist as good or not good to what is expected.
- More subjective than objective Practicality. Art technique should be functional and sensible for the
Critiquing Available Art Materials objectives or purpose set by the artist for the creation of the artwork.
Practicality makes the art technique truly appropriate when it is indeed useful
In using available art materials, they have to undergo evaluation for for the artist and when it is understandably fit for the kind of art materials and
them to be deemed really useful. The usefulness of these art materials is for the conceived artwork.
dependent on certain factors. Each art material has to be examined in certain
ways. Some of the basic considerations in critiquing available art materials are
availability, accessibility, and affordability.
SUMMARY - It should align with the artist's purpose and be suitable for the materials
used.
CPAR Week 11: Critiquing Available Materials and Appropriate Techniques

Critiquing Versus Criticizing

- Critiquing
- Focuses on thought over feelings.
- Considers the process of creating art.
- Analyzes the artist’s technique.
- Objective in nature.
- Criticizing
- Relies more on feelings than thoughts.
- Concerned with sensory perception.
- Judges the artist's work as good or bad.
- Subjective in nature.

Critiquing Available Art Materials

- Availability
- Art materials must be obtainable and ready for use.
- Present physically for the artist to access.
- Accessibility
- Art materials should be easily acquired without much effort.
- Should be within reach of the artist.
- Affordability
- Art materials must be financially feasible for the artist.
- Ideally within the artist’s budget.

Critiquing Appropriate Art Technique

- Appropriateness
- Technique should match the art materials and artistic intent.
- The chosen technique should suit the materials and desired outcome.
- Mastery
- Artists should be skilled and knowledgeable in the chosen technique.
- Lack of mastery can lead to unexpected results.
- Practicality
- Technique should be functional and sensible for the artwork's objectives.
CPAR Week 12: Materials and Application of Techniques “Kubol” as a resting place, as a wrapper for their foods, and most of
all as a creative toy for children. It was only during 1998 when it was
Garbage are scattered around our environment, especially by those people called Puni.
living in the National Capital Region (NCR). This trash from our surroundings
• These leaves were widely used then but now, it's becoming obsolete
or community can be recycled to produce something new and transform it
and become a dying art. With the cooperation of the local
into a local product or a piece of art.
governments of Bulacan, it is gradually being introduced to the new
The Philippines has been blessed with a lot of local materials according to generations. Today it continues to be used to create woven baskets,
previous discussions. Some of these are Abaca, Bakbak, Bamboo, Buntal, Buri, bags, fans, and most of all as "Palaspas" by Catholic believers at the
and many others that are constantly being developed by talented Filipinos. beginning of Holy Week. Currently, these leaves are imported from
Sampaloc, Quezon. The leaves dry and crumbled within a few days. It
But in the long run, our skilled Filipinos have gone through various trials is more common to use that are dried treated and dyed for strength
especially on the scarcity of the materials used and the growth of technology and color.
that hinders the development of our existing methods in the development of
local materials so that new generations are gradually forgetting the materials Pabalat
used and the application of techniques of our past.
• As featured by Galvez in 2016, the province of Bulacan is known for
In this lesson, we will go back to the local materials and the techniques of making Pastillas de Letche one of the Filipinos' favorites. It is made
yesterday that are gradually being forgotten. from carabao’s milk and sprinkled with white sugar. After this is done,
it is wrapped in plain white paper and then placed in packages to be
released to the market.
Singkaban • Due to the unique mindset and creativity of the Filipinos, they had a
unique approach in making pastillas. In the town of San Miguel, the
• Based on the book (Sandagan, 2016), Singkaban is a type of Filipino unique production of paper used to wrap pastillas first emerged. This
art of shaving a bamboo for home decors and bamboo arches for art was soon transferred to the town of Malolos, Bulacan.
weddings, mass gathering, fiesta, and as welcome signage of a town, • Mrs. Luz Ocampo was only eleven years old when she became fond
city, or village in the country. It is broadly utilized as enrichment amid of making designs on pastillas wrappers. When she was a child, they
town celebration in Bulacan. Experienced workers who strive to shave had a business on sweetened products and one of them was the
bamboo, layering to make curls and sensitive twirls to reach the pastillas that she later loved to make its cover that we still recognize
unique art in this field. Perhaps, it is an art form ensuring that art is until today.
acknowledged and is open to everybody within the community and • This kind of art is what we called borlas de pastillas, the intricately-
their visitors. designed wrapper is made from papel de hapon or Japanese paper.
Puni First, Make a design on the tracing board. Trace the design on the
papel de Hapon or Japanese paper. The real challenge comes with
• According to (Flores, 2018), Puni is a traditional art of leaf folding. It cutting the paper where the design is traced. The designs include
is an ancient art of weaving that uses elongated leaves. It starts with Bahay kubo (nipa hut), rice field, farmer/farmers, Maria Clara,
preparing the leaf, folding the leaf, tightening the package, and flowers, landscapes, figures, or specific activities and scenarios.
trimming the garnish. It is one of the recognized crafts in the weaving
industry. In the history of Bulacan, they use these leaves in making
• Wrapper-making used to be folk art, but the tradition is slowly • Some pottery makers in Pasig import clay in San Mateo, Rizal. The first
diminishing. Today, Ate Naty Ocampo Castro continues the legacy of step is passing the clay through the mill. Then, they shape it in a mold
her mother – offer her borlas de pastillas- to keep this culture alive made from "Plaster of Paris." Next, they put the clay on the potter's
and to be recognized by the current generation (Amaia, n.d.). wheel. After it's done on the wheel, it will be buff and smoothen the
pot. Drying takes one or two days depending on the climate. When it
Taka
rains, the pots can take one week to dry. When it is sunny, it can take
• Paete, Laguna is one of the most colorful and creative places in the only one day. When the pots are dry, they can be baked in the kiln.
Philippines. The name Paete is derived from the word chisel which is The ideal time is eight hours of baking. In baking, if you heat it too
an important tool used for sculpture. suddenly, the pots break, so you have to heat it slowly. At first, keep
• Taka or Paper Mache was first recorded in the 1920s when Maria the heat low. When the pots turn red, that means they're almost done
Bangue made a paper toy. The papers were molded from wood so turn up the heat until the embers spark. Today, they used old
carving and glued with paste. After drying, the paper was removed pieces of wood and plywood as fuel in their ovens. However, potters
from the molder and reassembled, dried, and painted in a decorative before used carabao dung and hay. That's what they used back in the
pattern that eventually becomes toys and ornaments. Unfortunately, 1950s. When the pot is tapped and sounds like a bell it is cooked then
no one knows if her artworks were saved after her town was it must be inspected once more. Finally, it will be painted with latex
consumed by fire and almost all traces of Takas she made are gone. or acrylic paint, or coated with a glaze to make it shine (Castro, 2020).
• Every April the Paete people are busy making Christmas characters Sanikulas Cookies or Panecillos de San Nicolas
like Santa Claus, Rudolph the red nose Reindeer, and Frosty the
Snowman in preparation for the upcoming holiday season. • News featured in Youtube last 2018, considers Pampanga as the
• Within the town, almost all the shops sell various Filipino-inspired culinary destination of the Philippines.
designs carabao figurine, Maria Clara dolls, and horses in a variety of • Atching Lillian Borromeo is one of the famous food historians and
options. Some new designs are cherubs, toy soldiers, giraffes, rabbits, experts in Pampanga. Her recipes are handed down from her
and a variety of fruits — all in different colors and sizes (Baldemor, grandmother whom she called “Impo”.
2020). • Atching Lilian also makes Panecillos de San Nicolas, whom Filipinos
believe to possess healing properties. Arrowroot is the main
Pagpapalayok or Potterymaking
ingredient in baking the said cookies. The arrowroot plant was
• Kare-kare, Paksiw, Sinigang, these are only some of the Filipino dishes inherited from her ancestors. They had to plant the arrowroot and
we love to feast on. Of course, they're only more appetizing served wait eight months for the roots to mature. The roots are then
hot off the fire, in a clay pot. Our use of clay pots is one of the things processed. It is pounded and soaked in water. It is sun-dried and ends
that highlight the Filipino trademark of our dishes. up as powder. That's the flour they used for San Nicolas cookies.
• Despite many changes, the people of Pasig still preserve one of the Unlike these days you can easily buy ingredients from the store. But
oldest and most important art forms of the city the pottery-making. at that time, they didn't even have flour.
• The tradition of Pottery-making lives on in Pasig until now. Where the • Combine all the ingredients in a bowl – cornstarch, baking powder,
products include not only ornamental jars but also those used in salt, sugar, egg yolks, coconut milk, softened butter, lemon zest, and
everyday living. oil. Blend well with a wooden spoon. Slowly add the cake flour and
the rice flour, knead it into the mixture till it resembles a thick dough,
and has a smooth surface. Mixing by the hand should take about 10 started teaching women embroidery. This is probably one of the most
minutes till it is smooth and all ingredients are incorporated. formal studies that have happened to women folks.
• Place the dough into an airtight container and freezer for 2 to 4 hours • During the Japanese era, the culture of embroidery was forgotten. It
or overnight. When ready to bake, take the dough out of the freezer only goes back to the American era.
and thaw on the counter for 8 to 10 minutes. Keep the dough very • Piña and Jusi are traditional fabrics used by the bordadoras. But Piña
cold so it is easy to roll out and handle on the heirloom cookie molds. is more special because it is decent, soft, refined, durable, and not
• Grease with baking spray or shortening the surface of the San Nicolas hot. Ang Jusi (Chiese term for raw silk), on the other hand, is a
mold which has the design. Make sure to grease the inner crevices lightweight, flimsy, and ecru colored fabric regarded by the
and corners so that dough can be removed easily after shaping. Place bordadoras as the best material for embroidery (News, Youtube,
a chunk of the dough, about 4 tablespoons over the San Nicolas mold, 2019).
on the hand-carved portion. Flatten with your hand to spread it • The first process starts with a “magdidibuho” (designer) who is in
around evenly. Place a piece of parchment or wax paper over the charge of stamping design on the cloth. After making the design the
dough, which is over the wooden mold. Using a rolling pin, roll and cloth is then passed on to the “burdadera” (embroiderer) it who
flatten the dough so it gets embedded in the design. embroiders the cloth which the designer has stamped. After
• Place a round or oval cookie cutter over the San Nicolas mold, to cut embroidering it will be passed to another person called
the dough to the appropriate shape needed. Trim the edges of the “magbabakbak". She pulls each thread to form a design. After that,
cookie if needed, whether round or oval. Quickly transfer the molded another person will do the next process which is “pagkakalado”
dough onto a baking sheet that has parchment paper or a silicone (calado). It is done to avoid the cloth from being frayed. In calado you
baking sheet. will lock the threads from which you have pulled from the cloth
• Bake Pan de San Nicolas at a preheated oven of 325 F degrees for 10 before you have to make sure you look at each thread. “Calado” is a
to 12 minutes or till top is brown. When done, cool the cookies on a very tedious process. Those are the process from embroidery,
cookie rack. They will be crisp on the outside but will have a slightly “pagbakbak” and “pagkakalado.”
soft shortbread texture inside. It will take at least 30-40 minutes for
SUMMARY
the cookies to cool on the rack. When Pan de San Nicolas cookies are
cooled, wrap in white cellophane wrappers to show off the intricate CPAR Week 12: Materials and Application of Techniques
designs. Store in an airtight glass or plastic jar.
• San Nicolas cookies are quite bland in taste. People say it's good for Introduction:
people with diabetes. The absence of sweetness makes it excellent - Focus on recycling trash from the environment to create local products and
when it is paired with hot chocolate (Sison, 2017). art.
- Philippines rich in local materials like Abaca, Bakbak, Bamboo, Buntal, etc.
Pagbuburda
- Challenges: scarcity of materials and technological advancements
• Embroidery is an art of decorative stitching, especially by hand. The hindering traditional methods.
high quality of embroidery in the Philippines is partly due to its history
and partly due to native talent. Local Art Techniques:
• The town of Taal and Lumban, Laguna had a long tradition of hand
embroidery since the arrival of the Franciscan Missionaries. They 1. Singkaban:
- Filipino art of shaving bamboo for decors and arches.
- Utilized during town celebrations in Bulacan.
- Skilled workers create intricate designs.

2. Puni:
- Traditional art of leaf folding, weaving elongated leaves.
- Historically used in Bulacan for various purposes.
- Currently used for woven products and as "Palaspas" during Holy Week.

3. Pabalat:
- Borlas de pastillas, intricately designed wrappers for pastillas.
- Originated in Bulacan, transferred to Malolos.
- Tradition fading, efforts to preserve by Ate Naty Ocampo Castro.

4. Taka (Paper Mache):

- Originated in Paete, Laguna, known for its creativity.
- Used for crafting toys, ornaments, and decorative items.
- Annual production of Christmas characters for holiday season.

5. Pagpapalayok (Potterymaking):
- Traditional pottery-making in Pasig, highlighting Filipino dishes.
- Process: clay preparation, shaping, drying, baking, and painting.
- Continuation of tradition despite modernization.

6. Sanikulas Cookies (Panecillos de San Nicolas):

- Culinary tradition in Pampanga, known for healing properties.
- Made from arrowroot flour, a labor-intensive process.
- Recipe passed down through generations, Atching Lillian Borromeo.

7. Pagbuburda (Embroidery):
- Decorative stitching, taught by Franciscan Missionaries.
- Taal and Lumban known for hand embroidery.
- Process involves designing, embroidering, thread pulling, and calado.

Conclusion:
- Rich heritage of local materials and techniques.
- Efforts needed to preserve and promote traditional arts.
- Blend of history, culture, and creativity in Filipino craftsmanship.
CPAR Week 13-14: Production Planning METHODS

SUBJECT Methods refers to the framework of the production. It provides the skeletal
plan that will serves as the guide for the whole production. It contains the
According to Sandagan and Sayseng (2016), subject refers to objectives or goals, material, procedures, manpower assignment, target date
anything that represented in an artwork. It can be an object, person scenery, of finish.
colors and etc. even though subject can be the center of an art some
masterpiece do not have subjects. • Objectives or goals are the expected output or result of the
production. Objectives must be SMART; specific, measurable,
When we are talking about subject, there are two types of arts. Arts
attainable, relevant, and time bound.
that have subject are called Representational or Objective Arts. These arts
• Title or name of Production refers to the name of productions. The
present stories, images, representations, symbols, etc. Examples are graphic
name of the production should be the one to catch the audience’s
arts, literature, sculpture, painting, and theater arts. While art works
attention.
without subjects are called Non-Representational or Non-Objective Arts.
• Target Audience refers to the group that is the primary target of the
These arts attract straight through the senses. Examples are musical
production.
arrangement, architecture, weaving and other functional art
• Procedures are the activities that need to be done.
MEDIUM • Venue or Platform refers to the space you will use to execute your
production. It can be physical space or an online platform.
Medium refers to the materials used in an artwork. It is the instrument of
• Date of Implementation or Target date of Finish is the expected of
every artist to convey message in an artistic manner. It can be colors and
production’s launching date.
brushers for a painter; sounds for a musician; movements of the body for an
actress or dancer; it can also be the words for every writer; wood or clay for MATERIALS
a sculptor.
Materials refers to the artwork presented on a production such as the script
When creating an art, it does not mean an artist should have the expensive on a drama, music and lyrics, or choreography. It is the center of the
medium for creating a masterpiece, it can be anything available. As long as it production that consist the concept that is expressed through art.
can conveys the artists’ message it can be used.
MACHINE
FORM
Machine refers to the mediums, machinery, tools, or equipment to be used
Form refers to the physical characteristics of an art. It is about the utilization in a production. On a theater production machines are the physical materials
of the elements of art such as line, shape, form, space, color, value, and such as stage lighting, sound systems, or any technical medium.
texture. And these elements are arranged based on the principles of design
MANPOWER
in creating masterpiece.
Manpower refers to the team of people assigned to a specific role. It can be
the director, producers, choreographers, dancers, artist, or crew. Because of
After understanding the concepts artists considered in creating art, you are them the whole process of creating the production can be fun and it will be
now ready to leap to a bigger step of producing an art production. According easier to accomplish.
to Quipper (2018), there are 4Ms to consider:
SUMMARY process.
- Venue/Platform: Specifies the physical or online space where the
CPAR Week 13-14: Production Planning Reviewer
production will be executed.
- Date of Implementation: Sets the expected launch or completion date for
Subject:
the production.
- Representation: Artworks can feature subjects, which encompass objects,
people, scenery, colors, etc. Some masterpieces may lack a distinct subject.
Materials:
- Types: Representational/Objective Arts (e.g., graphic arts, literature)
- Definition: Refers to the content or components of the production, such as
present identifiable subjects, while Non-Representational/Non-Objective
scripts, music, lyrics, or choreography.
Arts (e.g., music, architecture) appeal directly to the senses without specific
- Concept Expression: Central to conveying the artistic concept to the
subjects.
audience.

Medium:
Machine:
- Definition: Refers to the materials utilized in creating artwork, such as
- Definition: Includes mediums, machinery, tools, or equipment used in the
colors, sounds, movements, words, or sculpting materials.
production, such as stage lighting and sound systems in theater productions.
- Accessibility: Artists can utilize any available medium to convey their
- Technical Elements: Enhance the quality and presentation of the
message effectively; expensive materials are not a necessity.
production.

Form:
Manpower:
- Definition: Encompasses the physical characteristics of an artwork,
- Definition: Refers to the team of individuals assigned to various roles
including elements like line, shape, color, texture, etc., arranged based on
within the production.
design principles.
- Roles: Include directors, producers, choreographers, artists, crew, etc.
- Elements and Principles: Utilized in creating a coherent and visually
- Collaboration: Integral to streamlining the production process and
appealing masterpiece.
achieving successful outcomes.

Production Planning: The 4Ms by Quipper (2018):

Methods:
- Framework: Provides the structure and guidance for the production
process, including objectives, procedures, materials, etc.
- Objectives: Should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant,
Time-bound) to ensure clarity and achievability.
- Title: Should be attention-grabbing and reflective of the production's
essence.
- Target Audience: Identifies the primary group for whom the production is
intended.
- Procedures: Outlines the activities to be undertaken during the production
CPAR Week 15: Integrated Arts Production • Researchers - research to ensure a properly contextualized and well-
informed production
• Director - the head of the production; the one whose vision
There are many different things to consider in putting up an art production. manifests the most in the production
This may vary according to the resources, type, and other things. In general, • Producers - produce machineries and manages the manpower
here are the Four Methods (4Ms) to consider: • Choreographers - produce the act and the motions in the storyline
to be executed by the artists
Methods
• Performing artists - lead the roles in the storyline
Methods will determine the standard procedure of a production. • Crew - the associates in the production
This is the step-by-step procedure of the production. This provides the
SUMMARY
structure or framework which will be its foundation. We also call it the
production plan. The method shall contain the following: CPAR Week 15: Integrated Arts Production

• Objectives or goals - the end-result or the outcomes of the

Four Methods (4Ms) to Consider:
production0
• Materials - the main concept and/or storyline
1. Methods:
• Procedures - the activities that need to be done
- Determine standard procedure of production.
• Manpower assignment - the person assigned for a particular activity - Includes objectives/goals, materials, procedures, manpower assignment,
• Target date of finish - the activity’s date of finish target finish date.
Materials
2. Materials:
This refers to the artwork to be produced and presented to the - Refers to artwork presented (e.g., script, music, choreography).
audience such as the script, playwright, music, and choreography. A material - Must have a concept conveying main idea, message, or story.
must have a concept. A concept is the main idea, message, context, or story
that needs to be conveyed. 3. Machine:
Machine - Materials, machines, or equipment used (e.g., stage, lighting, sound
systems).
These are the materials, machines, or equipment to be used in the - Constitutes physical elements of production design.
production. These may refer to the physical materials in a production design
such as the stage, lighting, sound systems, or any technological medium. 4. Manpower:
Production team roles:
Manpower
- Concept writers
Manpower refers to the production team. Each will be assigned to - Researchers
specific activities in the plan. - Director
- Producers
• Concept writers - create and write the storyline and/or script
- Choreographers
- Performing artists
- Crew

Roles within Manpower:

- Concept writers: Create and write storyline/script.
- Researchers: Ensure contextualized, well-informed production.
- Director: Head of production, manifests vision.
- Producers: Manage machineries, manpower.
- Choreographers: Develop act motions in storyline for execution.
- Performing artists: Lead roles in storyline.
- Crew: Associates in production execution.

Considerations in Art Production:

- Resources: Vary based on type, resources available.
- Type: Type of production influences approach.
- Structure: Methods provide foundational structure.
- Concept: Core idea/message behind material.
- Execution: Effective utilization of manpower, machines, materials.

Conclusion:
Effective integration of 4Ms ensures smooth production execution,
delivering coherent artistic expression to the audience.
CPAR Week 16: Production Planning Your implementation date must be realistic and must give you enough
time for preparation. It is suggested that you come up with a calendar of
In order to properly execute a production, you have to go through a activities, marking milestones in your production process, to ensure that you
systematic and rigid planning period. This involves many different tools and are on time and that the best quality is met. Remember, a good production
materials depending on the nature of your production. In general, you must takes time and the process will require patience and diligence.
first plan out the basic details of the production, namely:
Resources
Type of production (exhibit, concert, play, etc.)
Your resources refer to manpower, machineries, and financial
When coming up with a type of production, consider the 4Ms. Ensure considerations. For manpower, you have to make sure that the demand of the
that your methods is fitting, your material can be best conveyed in the chosen production fits the availability and capacity of the people involved. For
type, your machineries are enough to execute the production, and that your machines, you have to confirm the availability of the necessary items such as
manpower has the skill set required for the selected type. lighting, design, props, and other things. If it is unavailable, then think of ways
Title or name of production in which your team can still produce these machines.

Your production name has to be catchy, memorable, and unique. Further, your resources are hugely defined by your financial capacity.
Remember, you want to compel an audience to view your artwork, and a A lot of time in pre-production stage is ideally allotted to fundraising. You may
generic title might not do the trick. Once you come up with a name, research raise funds through selling things or through finding sponsors who believe in
about it first before making it final to ensure that it does not have negative your production’s vision. While it may feel like putting up an art production is
associations and that it has not been overused in the past. expensive, it does not always have to be. Find ways to maximize available
materials and cheapen the cost.
Venue or platform
Objectives
The venue refers to the physical space where you will execute the
production. This can be a theatre, street corner, cafeteria, classroom, or Objectives refer to the goals you have for your production. Objectives
similar places. When it is not necessary to execute your production in a have to be identified before starting the production process. These will define
physical place, then you still have to consider a platform. A platform can be what your production has to achieve in order to be considered as successful.
social media sites for digital productions, radio shows, or other avenues which Objectives must be written in infinitives (to + verb) and it must be
you can use so that your artwork reaches your target audience. SMART or specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time bound.
Target audience
• Specific - use concrete action verbs as opposed to abstract ones (i.e.
The target audience refers to the demographic group which your the verb you use should suggest specific actions on how to go about
production primarily targets. Try to identify a specific target audience. For it)
example, instead of saying you are targeting students as your viewers, identify • Measurable - identify quantifiable metrics
their grade range and name of or type of school. Moreover, you also have to • Attainable - ensure that it is realistic, and it can be attained given your
consider the audience’s quantity and capacity to ensure maximum resources
participation or viewership. • Relevant - the objectives set must have significant impact to the
production when achieved
Date of implementation
• Time-bound - identify specific points in time (or time period) when - Consider quantity and capacity for maximum participation.
you have to meet a certain objective
Date of Implementation:
For example, consider the objective: to raise awareness on the
- Set realistic timeline.
subject matter of the play. This objective is not SMART. First off, it is not clear
- Create calendar of activities with milestones.
as to how a “raised awareness” will be measured (through an evaluation
sheet, a survey, etc.) nor is it clear as to what the subject matter is (people
Resources:
may interpret a play differently). Further, it did not provide metrics, so its
- Manpower: Match demand with availability.
attainability is not knowable and is not time-bound.
- Machinery: Confirm availability; consider alternatives.
A suggested revision may be: to raise awareness by 50% on breast - Financial: Fundraising through sales or sponsorships.
cancer measured through a post-event survey distributed at the end of the
play. This objective meets all of the criteria mentioned above. After the Objectives:
implementation stage, your team should have an evaluation period. During - SMART criteria: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound.
then, discuss the good and the bad parts of the production, and check what - Use concrete action verbs.
you have achieved side by side with your objectives to see how much of the - Identify quantifiable metrics.
production is a success. - Ensure realism and significance.
- Set specific timeframes for achievement.

SUMMARY Example Objective Revision:

- Original: "Raise awareness on the subject matter of the play."
CPAR Week 16: Production Planning - Revised: "To raise awareness by 50% on breast cancer measured through a
post-event survey distributed at the end of the play."
Type of Production:
- Consider the 4Ms: Method, Material, Machinery, Manpower. Evaluation:
- Ensure method fits, material is conveyed effectively, machinery is sufficient, - Conduct evaluation period post-implementation.
and manpower has required skills. - Discuss strengths and weaknesses.
- Compare achieved outcomes with objectives.
Title or Name of Production:
- Should be catchy, memorable, and unique.
- Research for negative associations and prior use.

Venue or Platform:
- Physical space or digital platform.
- Consider audience accessibility and suitability.

Target Audience:
- Specify demographic group.