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    GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus

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    kumar Harsh
    The GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus outlines the topics to be covered in the course. It includes 14 sections that will cover general principles of organic chemistry, different classes of compounds like alkanes and aromatics, protection and deprotection of functional groups, carbonyl chemistry, heterocyclic chemistry, stereochemistry, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, and pericyclic reactions. The sections provide detailed descriptions of what concepts and reactions should be taught for each topic, with a focus on nomenclature, preparation methods, properties, reaction mechanisms and stereochemistry.

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    GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus

    Uploaded by

    kumar Harsh
    287 views4 pages
    The GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus outlines the topics to be covered in the course. It includes 14 sections that will cover general principles of organic chemistry, different classes of compounds like alkanes and aromatics, protection and deprotection of functional groups, carbonyl chemistry, heterocyclic chemistry, stereochemistry, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, and pericyclic reactions. The sections provide detailed descriptions of what concepts and reactions should be taught for each topic, with a focus on nomenclature, preparation methods, properties, reaction mechanisms and stereochemistry.

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    The GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus outlines the topics to be covered in the course. It includes 14 sections that will cover general principles of organic chemistry, different classes of compounds like alkanes and aromatics, protection and deprotection of functional groups, carbonyl chemistry, heterocyclic chemistry, stereochemistry, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, and pericyclic reactions. The sections provide detailed descriptions of what concepts and reactions should be taught for each topic, with a focus on nomenclature, preparation methods, properties, reaction mechanisms and stereochemistry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    287 views4 pages

    GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus

    Uploaded by

    kumar Harsh
    The GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus outlines the topics to be covered in the course. It includes 14 sections that will cover general principles of organic chemistry, different classes of compounds like alkanes and aromatics, protection and deprotection of functional groups, carbonyl chemistry, heterocyclic chemistry, stereochemistry, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, and pericyclic reactions. The sections provide detailed descriptions of what concepts and reactions should be taught for each topic, with a focus on nomenclature, preparation methods, properties, reaction mechanisms and stereochemistry.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    GPAT Organic Chemistry Syllabus

    1. General principles

     A brief review of classification & sources of organic compounds, sp3, sp2, sp


    hybridization, sigma & pi- bonds, bond lengths, bond angles & bond
    energies along with their significance in reactions should be carried out. An
    overview of bond polarization, hydrogen bonds, inductive effects, resonance,
    and hyperconjugation be taken. Concept of homolytic & heterolytic bond
    fission, acidity & basicity with different theories should be covered briefly.
     Ease of formation & order of stabilities of electron deficient & electron rich
    species along with the reasons for the same should be covered. Relationships
    between energy content, stability, reactivity & their importance in chemical
    reactions should be covered. Calculations for determining empirical &
    molecular formula should be covered.

    2. Different classes of compounds

     The following classes of compounds should be taught in detail with respect


    to their IUPAC / systematic nomenclature, industrial [wherever applicable]
    & laboratory methods of preparations, physical properties & chemical
    reactions with emphasis on reaction mechanisms [arrow based] &
    stereochemistry [wherever applicable].
     Alkanes [including cyclic compounds]
     Alkenes [including cyclic compounds]
     Alkynes [only open-chain compounds]
     Aliphatic hydroxyl compounds
     Alkyl halides
     Aldehydes & Ketones
     Carboxylic acids
     All functional derivatives of carboxylic acids.

    3. Protection & deprotection of groups

     Introduction to protection & deprotection of functional groups. Two


    examples each for amino, hydroxyl, & carbonyl groups. The significance of
    these in syntheses should be explained.
    4. Aromaticity & chemistry of aromatic compounds

     Concept of aromaticity, Huckel’s rule & its use in determining the


    aromatic/non-aromatic character of a compound. A brief coverage of
    structure of benzene. Detailed coverage of electrophilic & nucleophilic
    aromatic substitution reactions. Reactivity & orientation in these reactions.
    Reactivity & orientation in mono- & disubstituted benzenes. Benzyne
    mechanism.

    5. Different aromatic classes of compounds

     The following classes of compounds with respect to their IUPAC /


    systematic nomenclature, industrial [wherever applicable] & laboratory
    methods of preparations, physical properties & chemical reactions with
    emphasis on reaction mechanisms [arrow based] & stereochemistry
    [wherever applicable].
     Aromatic hydrocarbons.
     Phenolic compounds.
     Aromatic & aliphatic amines.
     Diazonium salts.
     Aromatic nitro- compounds, aryl halides, & ethers.

    6. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

     Syntheses & reactions with mechanisms of bi & tricyclic fused carbocyclic


    rings like naphthalene, anthracene, & phenanthrene.

    7. Carbonyl Chemistry

     Carbonyl chemistry involving group conversions & their reaction


    mechanisms along with stereochemistry wherever applicable.
     Wolf-Kishner reduction & Huang-Minlong modification.
     Reduction of arylsulfonyl hydrazine/hydrazones to alkanes.
     Bamford Steven reaction.
     DCC Oxidation of alcohol.
     Michael addition / 1,4-addition / conjugate addition.
     Mannich condensation / reaction.
     Robinson annulation.
     Stobbe condensation.
     Darzen’s glycidic ester synthesis.
     Beckmann rearrangement.
     Baeyer Villiger rearrangement.
     Curtius, Wolff, & Lossen rearrangements.
     Willgerodt rearrangement.
     Pinacol-pinacolone rearrangement.
     Methylene transfer reactions. Use of diazomethane & sulphur
    ylides in the same.
     Mono- & dialkylations in 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
     Formation & use of enol ethers, enol acetates & enamines as
    protective groups & in regiospecific alkylations.

    8. Heterocyclic Chemistry

     IUPAC Nomenclature of heterocyclic rings [3-10 membered] containing O,


    S, & N atoms. Nomenclature of above rings containing mono-, di-, &
    multiple [same or different] heteroatoms should also be covered.
    Nomenclature of 2 & 3 fused rings containing mono-, di-, & multiple
    heteroatoms [same or different] should also be covered. Syntheses &
    reactions of three to six-membered rings in detail. Syntheses of five & six-
    membered rings containing mono- or any di-heteroatoms [O, S, & N].
    Syntheses of quinoline, isoquinoline, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, &
    benzimidazole, benzotriazole, and benzothiazole.

    9. Bridged rings

     Bridged ring systems & their nomenclature.C8, C9, C11 bridged bicyclic
    alkanes. Chemistry of hexamine, morphan, biperiden, amantadine,
    diazabicyclo[2.2.2] octane

    10. Kinetic & thermodynamic control

     Kinetic & thermodynamic control of sulfonation, enolate anion formation &


    alkylation of enamine reactions.

    11. Stereochemistry
     Stereochemistry. Chirality & asymmetry [introduction of the same to S, P, &
    N]. Definition & classification [different types of isomerisms]. Enantiomers,
    diastereomers. Enantiomerism & diastereomerism. Meso compounds & their
    optical activity. Stereochemistry in acyclic compounds. Newman projection
    formulae & their significance. Conformational analysis of n-butane.
    Absolute & relative configuration. Assigning R & S configuration based on
    Cahn Ingold & Prelog system. Racemic mixture- its definition & resolution.
    Definitions of terms stereoselective, stereospecific, Enantiomeric excess &
    diastereomeric excess.
     Stereochemistry in cyclic systems. Conformations of cyclohexane. Cis-trans
    relationship in cyclohexane. Prediction of stability of different
    conformations of 1, 2- 1,3- & 1,4- disubstituted cyclohexanes. Effect of
    multiple substitutions on the stability of cyclohexane conformations. Chair
    conformations of cis-, & trans-decalins, perhydrophenanthrenes, & a
    tetracyclic steroidal nucleus. An introduction to atropisomerism.

    12. Carbohydrates

     Carbohydrates. Definition & classification. D & L nomenclature in sugars.


    Different ways of drawing / representing a sugar molecule [including cyclic
    Structure], interconversion of these representations. Anomers & epimers.
    Mutarotation. Reactions of glucose. Chain extension & chain reduction of a
    sugar.

    13. Amino acids & proteins

     Amino acids & proteins. Definition & classification. D & L Amino acids,
    natural, essential, & non-essential amino acids. Denaturation, Strecker,
    Gabriel phthalimide methods for the preparation of amino acids. Peptide
    bond & its formation. Two protective groups each, for -NH2 & -COOH
    functionalities during protein synthesis. Sequencing of a protein by chemical
    & enzymatic methods.

    14. Pericyclic reactions

     Pericyclic reactions. Concept of HOMO & LUMO. Drawing of HOMO &


    LUMO of 1, 3-butadiene, allylic cation, radical & anion, & 1, 3, 5-
    hexatriene, Diel’s-Alder & retro Diel’s Alder reaction.

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