Contemporary Philippine

Arts from the Regions

Quarter 2

Module 2

Mediums and
Techniques:
Drawing
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions – Grade 12
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Mediums and Techniques: Drawing
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang

Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso, Ed. D.
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña, Ed. D.
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon, Ed. D. (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde, Ed. D. (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D. (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D. (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos, Ph. D. (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed.D. (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Contemporary Philippine
Arts from the Regions
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 2
Mediums and
Techniques: Drawing

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Contemporary Arts from the Philippine Regions (Grade 12)
Module on Mediums and Techniques: Drawing!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Module on

Mediums and Techniques: Drawing!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - These point to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module. 

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATIONS
By the end of this lesson, the learner is expected to…
1. identify and discuss the mediums and techniques in drawing;
2. show understanding of the lesson by identifying artworks that make use
of the mediums and materials discussed;
3. and draw the pen and pencil techniques.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on the blank provided before the
number.

______ 1. It is a medium made of pigment and gum or resin binder that has the
same consistency as a chalk.

A. Felt-tip pen C. Oil pastel

B. Charcoal D. Soft pastel

______ 2. _______________ is a stick or pencil made from wood burned until it

reaches the right consistency for drawing

A. Graphite pencil C. Charcoal

B. Mechanical pencil D. Soft pastel

______ 3. It is the technique that involves drawing lines that intersect.

A. Cross hatching C. Stippling

B. Hatching D. Contouring

______ 4. It is the number of sharp particles per square inch of the sandpaper.

A. Teeth C. Grit

B. Archival D. gsm or g/m 2

______ 5. _________________ is the technique of drawing dots or ticks.

A. Scumbling C. Scribbling

B. Stippling D. Smudging

RECAP
In the previous module, the lesson was about the mediums used in
contemporary art, along with the definition of technique, which is the artist’s own
way of using a medium, and craftsmanship, which is the skill of doing what can be
done with a medium. Because of the advancement of technology, Contemporary Art
now utilizes media in creating and publishing artworks.
Mediums Used in Contemporary Art
1. Visual Arts pieces are posted on websites such as DeviantArt, Facebook,
Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, and Tumblr. Other artists also post videos of how
they create their works on YouTube and, sometimes, Tiktok. The art forms and
mediums discussed were drawing, painting, sculpting, printmaking, architecture,
and photography.
2. Performing Arts art forms and mediums identified were music, dance, and
theater.
3. As for Literary Arts, due to the rising popularity of electronic literature, authors
and writers are now posting in websites such as Wattpad, Archive of Our Own, and
even Twitter. Academic and professional texts are also shared in digital libraries
such as Scribd, Academia, Research Gate, Google Scholar, and LinkedIn.
4. Lastly, Media Arts utilize media technologies, such as televisions, radio, and
both computer hardware and software, to create and produce art. Art forms and
mediums discussed were filmmaking, digital painting, and animation.

LESSON

The lesson will tackle at the most common drawing mediums used by artists and
student artists – their characteristics, similarities, and differences, as well as the
brands that students can find locally.
The following are the most common materials and tools used in drawing:
1. A pencil is a wooden rod enclosing a substance for marking. It is usually
made of graphite and not lead, contrary to the popular belief. There are
numerous types of pencils, which include the following:
 Graphite pencils are the most common ones used by artists.
Graphite is the substance enclosed inside a wooden frame used for
making marks. It is classified into different grades according to
softness and hardness using alphanumeric values indicated at the
end of the pencil. Popular graphite pencil brands for students are
Staedtler, Faber-Castell, Derwent, and Prismacolor.
 Charcoal is a stick or pencil made from wood burned until it reaches
the right consistency for drawing. Like graphite, it is classified
according to the softness and hardness, but it only has three kinds:
soft (or light), medium, and hard (or dark). It is more difficult to work
with compared to graphite because charcoal tends to smudge easily.
Derwent and Faber-Castell are the charcoal brands that artists often
use.
 Colored pencils are similar to the typical pencil but have a colored
pigment core enclosed by wood. Most brands are made of wax,
pigment, additives, and binding agents. Brands popular and ideal to
students include Faber-Castell, Prismacolor, Derwent, and Colleen.
 Lastly, mechanical pencils, also known as automatic pencils, are
enclosures that hold and extend sticks of graphite with a push of a
button. There are advantages in using mechanical pencils, instead of
wooden ones, such as they are reusable, does not require sharpening,
and has more consistent line widths.

2. Pen & ink refers to the use of different inks with a pen, which serves as the
vehicle to create marks. The 4 most common types of pens are:
 The ballpoint pen is the most common and popular type. It uses a
thick oil-based ink that dries quickly.
 Rollerball pens uses a similar body with ballpoint pens, but it uses a
water-based ink.
 Marker pens and felt-tip pens are pens that use four types of ink,
namely, pigment, water, oil, and alcohol-based inks. The first two are
meant to be used on paper and the other two are for other surfaces,
such as metal, plastic, and glass.
 Finally, nib pens have metal nibs that are inserted on a metal body
and do not have ink inside but must be dipped on ink instead.
3. Soft pastel is a type of pastel that has the consistency of a chalk. It is made
of pigment held by either gum or resin binder. Popular brands of soft pastels
include Dong-A, Sakura, and Schmincke.
4. Oil pastel is another type of pastels. It is made of pigment held by a wax or
an oil binder. The most widely used student-quality brands are Pentel,
Dong-A, and Golden.
The following are the different kinds of surfaces used in drawing, such as papers
and boards.
1. Sketch papers are the most common type of papers used in drawing. It is
lightweight, widely available, and comes at a reasonable price. The best
brands of sketch papers for students include Canson, Berkeley, Denise, and
Fabriano.
2. Illustration board is a board made of thick paper or cardboard that serves
numerous purposes. Because of its thickness, other than drawing, artists
use illustration boards for painting, making cutouts, and a base for three-
dimensional projects, such as sculpting and architecture. Most illustration
boards that students on a budget use are unbranded, however there are also
brands like Berkeley and Master that make quality products, which come at
a price (e.g. a 10x15 inch Master Board costs PHP 89.00).
3. Sandpaper is used by artists because of the texture. Colored pencils and
pastels work well on it. One advantage of using sandpaper is that it is not
imperative to sharpen pencils. Sandpapers are measured by its grit – the
number of sharp particles per square inch of the paper. The higher the grit
of the sandpaper, the finer its texture is.

Every paper has its own characteristics usually found on the cover. When choosing
a paper, the following are the considerations to look for:
 A paper’s weight is measured through grams per square meter (written as
gsm or g/m 2 ¿ . The weight designation is the weight of 500 sheets of paper or
one ream. Additionally, it indicates the thickness of the paper.
 Papers also have acid-free and archival characteristics. These tags help
indicate how long a paper will last before it deteriorates in form and quality.
The difference between the two is that archival papers are of better quality
which means that they will last longer than acid-free papers.

Pen and Pencil techniques

1. Hatching is the most basic shading technique used with both pen and
pencil. It is done by making parallel vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines. In
making hatch lines, make sure they are parallel or do not intersect. Also, the
closer they are drawn with other lines, the darker the value will be, and vice
versa.
2. Cross hatching involves drawing lines that intersect. They may intersect
with other lines from different angles. The more lines that intersect with
each other, the darker the value will be and vice versa.
3. Stippling is the technique of drawing dots or ticks. The farther the dots or
ticks are with others, the lighter the value will be and the closer they are, the
darker it will be.
4. Scumbling is creating circular marks.
5. Scribbling is drawing with random lines. It does not require an outline.
6. Contouring follows the shape of the image to make it look like it is three-
dimensional.
7. Smudging is a pencil technique that involves blending pencil marks with
pressure. Some artists use their hands or fingers to smudge, however it is
highly discouraged as the oils or sweat can cause irreversible damage on the
artwork. There is a tool called “stump” or “paper stump” that is dedicated for
smudging.
ACTIVITIES

Activity No. 1
Choose a drawing from any artist and attach it on the space provided, then answer
the statements below (10 points).

1. What is the title of the drawing?

________________________________________________
2. Who is the artist?
______________________________________________________________
3. In what year was it finished?
___________________________________________________
4. What are the mediums used by the artist? Indicate the kinds and brands.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. What are the pen and pencil techniques he/she used?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Activity No. 2
Practice the techniques discussed in the module using a pencil, pen, or colored
pencils and answer the reflection below (40 points).

Hatching Cross-Hatching

Stippling Scumbling

Contouring Scribbling

Smudging
Reflection: How was the experience in making the pen and pencil techniques?
What are your most and least favorite techniques? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Rubric for scoring:

Criteria Exemplary Competent Developing

Skill The drawing is The drawing The technique

(maximum of 3 correct and contains visible done is incorrect.
points for each exhibits effort and flaws and needs It lacks effort and
technique, total of attention to detail. some refinement. looks incomplete.
21 points)
3 points 2 points 1 point
Neatness The drawing is The drawing is The drawing is
(maximum of 2 neat and tidy. It somewhat neat. It untidy and has a
points for each does not have has some erasure lot of erasure
technique, total of erasure marks marks and the marks and
14 points) and the paper paper is a little creases.
does not have creased.
creases.

2 points 1 point 0 points

Reflection All the questions One question was Only one question
(total of 5 points) are answered. The not answered. It was answered. It
content is detailed was answered in is
and coherent. incomplete incomprehensible
sentences, lacks and does not have
coherent details, any details.
and somewhat
incomprehensible.

4-5 points 2-3 points 1 point

Total: 40 points
WRAP-UP

What is the most important information you learned? Why?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

How can the lessons in module 2 be applied in real life?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on the blank provided before the
number.

______ 1. It is the technique that follows the shape of the image to make it look like
it is three-dimensional.

A. Contouring C. Smudging
B. Scribbling D. Cross Hatching

______ 2. These are the most common type of papers used in drawing.

A. Sandpaper C. Typewriting paper

B. Illustration board D. Sketch paper

______ 3. It is a pen that does not have ink inside but must be dipped on ink
instead.

A. Marker pen C. Rollerball pen

B. Nib pen D. Ballpoint pen

______ 4. ______________________ have a colored pigment core enclosed by wood.

A. Charcoal C. Oil pastels

B. Colored pencils D. Soft pastels

______ 5. A paper’s ___________ is measured through grams per square meter

(written as gsm or g/m2 ¿ .

A. Durability C. Weight

B. Size D. Quality

KEY TO CORRECTION
Pre-Test Post-Test
1. D. Soft pastel 1. A. Contouring
2. C. Charcoal 2. D. Sketch paper
3. A. Cross hatching 3. B. Nib pens
4. C. Grit 4. B. Colored pencils
5. B. Stippling 5. C. Weight
REFERENCES
“Invention and History of Colored Pencils.” History of Colored Pencils - Types and
Facts. Accessed August 20, 2020. http://www.historyofpencils.com/writing-
instruments-history/history-of-colored-pencils/.
Fussell, Matt. “All About Drawing Papers and Surfaces.” TheVirtualInstructor Blog,
July 14, 2020. https://thevirtualinstructor.com/blog/all-about-drawing-
papers-and-surfaces.
Fussell, Matt. “Artists Drawing Pencils - Graphite Grades Explained.” The Virtual
Instructor. Accessed August 20, 2020.
https://thevirtualinstructor.com/Artists-pencils-graphite-pencils-
explained.html.
National Pen. “Pen Types – Learn About the Different Types of Pens.” National Pen.
National Pen, June 3, 2020. https://www.pens.com/blog/choosing-the-
write-pen-types/.
Ramirez, Veronica E. Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions. Quezon City,
NCR: Vibal Group Inc., 2016.
Rutledge, Jeffrey Lynn. “These Pencil Shading Techniques Will Help You to Create
Beautiful Artworks.” Easy-Drawing-Lessons.com. Accessed August 21, 2020.
https://www.easy-drawing-lessons.com/pencil-shading-techniques.html.
Ryan. “The Beginner's Guide to Mechanical Pencils.” Jet Pens, March 20, 2018.
https://www.jetpens.com/blog/the-beginners-guide-to-mechanical-
pencils/pt/957.
Sawyer, McKella. “Graphite vs Charcoal: A Brief Guide For Artists.” Concept Art
Empire, April 29, 2019. https://conceptartempire.com/graphite-vs-
charcoal/.
Stewart, Jessica. “Best Drawing Pencils for Professionals and Beginners Who Love
to Sketch.” My Modern Met, February 21, 2020.
https://mymodernmet.com/best-drawing-pencils/.
The Logo Creative™ “Everything You Need to Know About Pen and Ink Illustration.”
Medium. Medium, October 15, 2019.
https://medium.com/@thelogocreative/everything-you-need-to-know-about-
pen-and-ink-illustration-1686f50d86be.