Chapter 9: BIODIVERSITY AND THE

HEALTHY SOCIETY
Multiple choice questions

1. It refers to the relative proportions of different species in an ecosystem.

1. Relative Abundance

2. Community/ Ecosystem Diversity

3. Flora

4. Functional Diversity
2. These are result of the functions and processes of ecological systems.

1. Functional Diversity

2. Ecosystem

3. Species Richness

4. Ecosystem Services
3. It is one of the biggest threats of biodiversity.

1. Alterarions in Ecosystem

2. Species Diversity

3. Climate Change (specifically Global Warming)

4. Habitat Destruction/ Loss

4. Biodiversity of animals on earth

1. Ecology

2. Biotic

3. 280,000

4. Oikos
5. Biodiversity of protists on earth

1. 5, 000
2. 55,000

3. 280,000

4. 900,000

5 True/False questions

1. Biodiversity of plants on earth → 280,000

INCORRECT

True

THE ANSWER

False

It should be → 240, 000

2. These are part of DNA which dictate the traits or characteristics of an

organism. → TRUE

CORRECT

False

It should be → Genes

3. TRUE or FALSE

There are different factors that negatively affect biodiversity. The effects vary, with some
affecting only up to organismal level. → Genes

CORRECT

False

It should be → TRUE

4. It basically answers the question of who eats who. → Trophic Structure

INCORRECT

False

THE ANSWER

True

5. The meaning of the Greek word "oikos". → TRUE

CORRECT

False

It should be → House
5 Multiple choice questions

1. It is continuously shaped by natural processes and greatly by the influence of

humans.

1. Biodiversity

2. Relative Abundance

3. Genetic Diversity

4. Decomposition
2. These are part of DNA which dictate the traits or characteristics of an organism.

1. Fauna

2. Genes

3. TRUE

4. Flora
3. Flora was derived from the word _______ which means relating to flowers.

1. TRUE

2. Fauna

3. Biotic

4. Floral
4. Examples of medicinal plants used as herbal medicines

1. Feeding relations

2. Biodiversity/ Biological Diversity

3. -Sambong (Blumea balsamifera)

-Akapulko (Cassia alata)
-Ampalaya (Momordica charantia)
-Lagundi (Vitex negundo)

4. Region
5. It relates to the manner by which behave, obtain food, and use the natural
resources in an ecosystems.

1. Community/ Ecosystem Diversity

2. Over-exploitation

3. Alie/ Introduced Species

4. Functional Diversity

5 True/False questions

1. It may have either several ecosystems or just one. → Abiotic

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → Region

2. It refers to all of the animal life within a specified region, time period, or
both. → Relative Abundance

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → Fauna

3. Biodiversity of protists on earth → 55,000

True False
THE ANSWER
True

4. TRUE or FALSE

Medicines originated from and are largely sourced from ecosystems. → TRUE

True False
CORRECT
True

5. Importance of Biodiversity → Biodiversity

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → 1. Supports food security
2. Provides resources for research
3. Plays a role in regulation of diseases
4. Essential for climate change adaptation
5. Social, cultural, and spiritual importance with communities

Multiple choice questions

1. aka computer age, digital age, or new media age.

1. analog computer

2. Information age

3. Information overloading

4. Motorola DynaTAC 8000x

2. this information revolution began in the introduction of the internet, and the World
Wide Web.

1. Third and Last Information Revolution

2. Information age

3. First Information Revolution

4. Youtube
3. It was launched in 2010 as a cross-platform voice over IP and instant messaging
software application operated by Japanese multinational company Rakuten.

1. Viber

2. Skype

3. Twitter

4. Tumblr
4. first fully digital camera
-Steve Sasson

1. Osborne-1

2. Gavilian

3. Amazon.com

4. Fuji DS-1P
5. a crime in which a computer is the object of the crime or is used as a tool to
commit an offense.

1. super computer

2. Pinterest

3. Cybercrime
4. computer vision syndrome

5 True/False questions

1. aka information privacy

-It is the necessity to preserve and protect any personal information, collected by any
organization, from being accessed by a third party. → Laptop Computer

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → Data privacy

2. type of computer on the basis of size

-very large and expensive computer capable of supporting hundreds, or even
thousands, of users simultaneously
-uses its power to execute programs concurrently. → Mainframe computer

True False
CORRECT
True

3. holds the record of fastest supercomputer. → SUMMIT

True False
THE ANSWER
True

4. A global network connecting millions of computers, making it possible to

exchange information.
-a global network of network. → Fake news

True False

False

It should be → Internet

5. it began when PayPal employees created a video-sharing website where users

could upload, share and view content. → Youtube

True False
CORRECT
True

1. She led the development of Nanocomposite Materials

1. Dr. Blessie A. Basilia

2. Ernst Ruska

3. Graphene

4. Sir Andre Geim and Sir Kostya Novoselov

2. Are spherical carbon-caged molecules with sixty (C60) or more carbon atoms.

1. Nanoparticles

2. Silver Nanoparticles

3. Fullerenes

4. C60 fullerenes
3. Buckminstefullerene commonly known as the

1. Buckyballs

2. Fullerene

3. hexagonal

4. Buckyball
4. Gives 3D images of particles

1. National Nanotechnology initiative

2. - Dendrimer
- polymer Nanoparticles

3. Gerd Binning and Heinrich Rohrer

4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

5. used as additive in baby bottles, food containers, packaging, cutting boards,
salad bowls, cutlery, ice trays, filtration devices and collapsible coolers

1. Silver Nanoparticles

2. Electron Microscope

3. Titanium Dioxide nano form

4. Aluminum Nanoparticles
5 True/False questions

1. Graphene was discovered by → Consumer product Safety commission

True False
False
It should be → Sir Andre Geim and Sir Kostya Novoselov

2. Group of government officials from several agencies decided to meet regularly

and discuss programs related to Nanotechnology. Adopted under the National Science
and Technology Council (NSTC) → Harold Kroto, Sean O'Brien, Robert Curl, and
Richard Smalley

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → Intergency Working Group on Nanotechnology (IWGN)

3. Was the first official Federal government effort in Nanotechnology → - Carbon

Nanotubes
- Fullerene
- Graphene

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)

4. Can penetrate biological membranes and cells more readily than larger
particles. → Nanoparticles

True False
THE ANSWER
True

5. The maximum capacity of a normal Human eye to see small objects

is → hexagonal

True False

THE ANSWER
False
It should be → 10^5 nm

1. Was created in 2005 as documentation in keeping track of the marketing and distribution
of nano products in the market

1. Richard Feynman

2. Sir Andre Geim and Sir Kostya Novoselov

3. Nanotechnology Consumer products inventory (CPI)

4. University of California, Los Angeles NanoSystems Institute

2. discovered the Buckminstefullerene (C60)

1. Nano particle Titanium dioxide

2. Graphene

3. Harold Kroto, Sean O'Brien, Robert Curl, and Richard Smalley

4. Consumer product Safety commission

3. The team Kroto was awarded the

1. 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry

2. nanoparticle metal silver

3. Gerd Binnig and Calvin Quate

4. Mechanical exfoliation
4. Areas that need to be prioritized based in the previous survey of Nanotechnology
application in the country.

1. nanoscience

2. True

3. - Nonstructured Solar device

- Noncomposite Materials
- Nanoparticle TiO2 in commercial Paint

4. . 1nanostructured solar energy devices

2. nanosensor technology to food l, agriculture, and environment
3. environmental remediation and water
4. nanocomposite materials using local minerals and biological resources
5. Was the first official Federal government effort in Nanotechnology

1. Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)

2. - Carbon Nanotubes
- Fullerene
- Graphene

3. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)

4. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)

5 True/False questions

1. Gives 2D images that requires further interpretation → Scanning Electron Microscopy

(SEM)

True False
CORRECT
False
It should be → Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

2. Won by Richard Feynman → 1965 Nobel Prize

True False
THE ANSWER
True

3. process of making graphene for industrial production → Transmission Electron

Microscope (TEM)

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)

4. The branch of science that deals with the study of phenomena and manipulation of
materials at the nanoscale → nanoscience

True False
CORRECT
True

5. What are the organic-based nanomaterials? → nanoparticle metal silver

True

CORRECT
False
It should be → - Dendrimer
- polymer Nanoparticles

5 Multiple choice questions

1. The strongest compound discovered, the best conductor of heatat room

temperature, and the best conductor of electricity.

1. Richard Feynman

2. Nanobots

3. Graphene
4. Nanotechnology Consumer products inventory (CPI)
2. Nanotechnology my be very easy to detect its presence unless one has the
specialist tools of Nanotechnology.

1. Carbon

2. Fullerene

3. False

4. True
3. Can penetrate biological membranes and cells more readily than larger particles.

1. Nanoparticles Zinc Oxide

2. Norio Taniguchi

3. KNOxOUT™

4. Nanoparticles
4. Nanotechnology may introduce new efficiencies and paradigms, which may
make some natural resources and current practices uncompetitive or obsolete.

1. Carbon

2. True

3. False

4. Graphene
5. True or False
Nanoparticles used in thousand of household products that can be hazardous to health
and should be taken very seriously.

1. Graphene

2. False

3. CNTs

4. True

5 True/False questions

1. a photocatalytic untrafine developed by Cristal Global was Incorporated in paint

and applied in around 1,200 m2 of the MRT station walls and embankment along
EDSA. → Nano particle Titanium dioxide
True False
THE ANSWER
True

2. Nanotechnology is a single technology; it may become pervasive → False

True False
THE ANSWER
True

3. Group of government officials from several agencies decided to meet regularly

and discuss programs related to Nanotechnology. Adopted under the National Science
and Technology Council (NSTC) → University of California, Los Angeles NanoSystems
Institute

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → Intergency Working Group on Nanotechnology (IWGN)

4. China → Leads the Nanotechnology research with 39% share

True False
THE ANSWER
True

5. Discovered a way to make graphene batteries as non-toxic, inexpensive to

produce, and could charge a battery in about 5 sec. → Nanobots

True False
Check answe

1. THE ANSWER

False

It should be → University of California, Los Angeles NanoSystems Institute

Create new test

GENE THERAPHY

Multiple Choice Quiz

1. Opponents of gene therapy insist that
 a. Germ-line therapy is permissible

 b. Gene therapy is harmless

 c. Reproductive freedom has limits

 d. Reproductive freedom is a personal right

The correct answer was: c. Reproductive freedom has limits.

2. In agriculture, cloning to propagate plant strains is

 a. Prohibited

 b. Commonplace

 c. Rare

The correct answer was: b. Commonplace.  d. Not technically feasible

3. The cloning that has provoked the most public consternation and media attention is

 a. Research cloning

 b. Animal cloning

 c. Therapeutic cloning

The correct answer was: d. Reproductive cloning  d. Reproductive cloning

4. The notion that a human clone would be identical to an existing person, the clone's "parent,"
is

 a. False

 b. True

 c. Plausible

The correct answer was: a. False.  d. Scientifically proven

5. According to Dan Brock, concluding that a human being created by human cloning is of less
value or is less worthy of respect than one created by sexual reproduction would be

 a. Reasonable

 b. Impossible

 c. A mistake

The correct answer was: c. A mistake.  d. Logical

6. The prevention or treatment of diseases through methods such as genetic testing, abortion of
defective embryos, and germ-line therapy is known as

 a. Positive eugenics

 b. Negative eugenics

 c. Reverse genetics

 d. Pro-eugenics

The correct answer was: b. Negative eugenics.

7. John Harris denies that there is a morally significant difference between genetic repair and

 a. Genetic testing

 b. Genetic treatment

 c. Genetic reversal

The correct answer was: d. Genetic enhancement.  d. Genetic enhancement

8. Søren Holm argues against reproductive cloning, asserting that it violates a right to

 a. An open future

 b. A closed future

 c. A future

The correct answer was: a. An open future  d. A life in the shadow

9. Einstein's clone would have Einstein's genes but would not

 a. Be alive

 b. Be as smart as Einstein

 c. Be Einstein

The correct answer was: c. Be Einstein.  d. Be a true clone

10. Among animals and humans, clones appear naturally in the form of

 a. Siblings

 b. Identical twins

 c. Older siblings

The correct answer was: b. Identical twins.  d. Germ lines

What is gene therapy ?

Pre-clinical testing for inherited diseases in
A)
newborns
B) Treatment of diseases caused by genetic defect
Genetic engineering using recombinant DNA
C)
technology
D) Cancer treatment using in vitro cultured stem cells
5 Multiple choice questions

1. what is allovectin-7 used for?

1. 1- MRI guided stereotactic implantation of vector producer cells into

CNS tumors
2-vector producing cells inside the tumor
3-retroviruses infect tumor cells
4-GCV kills infected cells

2. hematopoietic cells
3. plasmid/lipid complex containing the DNA sequences encoding HLA-
B7 and B2 microglobulin (part of MHC I)

4. development of rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect

to patients genotype to inc. efficacy w/ min. adverse affects
2. what ApoE allele has a 14% frequency, what phenotype

1. virus vectors

2. adenoviruses

3. ApoE4; risk

4. adenovirus
3. differences in immune rejection in autologous? non-autologous?

1. germ-line gene therapy

2. slight chance, high chance

3. muscle stem cells; dystrophin

4. direct killing of disease cells

4. is gene therapy safe?

1. Retroviral Vector Gene Therapy

2. DNA

3. NON-AUTOLOGOUS EX VIVO GENE THERAPY

4. NO
5. delivery of suicidal genees

1. direct killing of disease cells

2. slight chance, high chance

3. targeted inhibition of gene expression

4. liver cells, skin cells; factor 9 gene

5 True/False questions

1. entire set of chromosomes in an organism, encompassing all of the genetic

material in the cell >99% identical between individuals → phenotype
True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → genome

2. microencapsulated CYP2B1-transfected cell mediated treatment treats what?

and what phase of clinical trials is it? → somatic gene therapy; somatic

True False

1. THE ANSWER

False

It should be → advanced inoperable pancreatic carcinoma

3. what type of disorders are hard to treat effectively using gene

therapy → response to drugs inlcuding warfarin

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → multigenetic or multifactorial disorders

4. application of pharmacogenomics in enzyme deficiency → glucose-6-phosphate

dehydrogenase in primaquine-sensitive blood cells

True False
THE ANSWER
True

5. what do the following have in common?

-naked DNA injection
-use of liposomes
-receptor-mediated endocytosis → Non-viral vectors

True False
Check ans

THE ANSWER
True

5 Multiple choice questions

1. familial hypercholesterolemia target cells and therapeutic genes

1. single genes

2. lymphocytes; HSV-tk
3. liver cells; LDLR

4. liver cells, skin cells; factor 9 gene

2. does an ideal viral vector exist?

1. no

2. liver

3. -development of injectable vectors

-targeting of vectors to specific cell populations
-safe and efficient gene transfer into appropriate regions of the genome
-regulation of gene expression by either administration of simple small molecule
drugs or by the body's own physiological signals
-cost effective to manufacture
-curing the disease

4. patient's own body; animal or human (not from patient)

3. ethical issues surround gene therapy

1. -somatic gene therapy vs. germ line

-who will have access to the highly expensive therapies
-should it only be used for medical purposes (i.e. genetic modification of hair
follicles or increased muscle mass)

2. the ability of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and kill
them

3. somatic gene therapy; somatic

4. 1) delivery of cytokine genes into cancer cells to induce a local

inflammatory reaction
2) enhance the recognition and reaction of T lymphocytes towards tumor cells by
insertion of T cell receptor genes
4. 1. cells are removed from the body
2. in the lab, a virus is altered so that it cannot reproduce
3. a gene is inserted into the virus
4. the altered virus is mixed with cells from the patient
5. the cells from the patient become genetically altered
6. the altered cells are returned to the body
7. the altered cells produce the desired protein

1. A) adenoviral vector

2. Adenoviral vectors

3. PROCESS OF GENE THERAPY

4. the bystander effect

5. difference between pharmacogenomics vs. pharmacogenetics in terms of DNA
vs RNA

1. retroviruses; lentiviruses

2. genomics- uses both

genetics- only DNA

3. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency

4. multigenetic or multifactorial disorders

5 True/False questions

1. which type of therapy's main objective is to cure hereditary acquired genetic

defects by insertion of normal genes to target cells and to restore the normal functioning
if affected cells in the body → objectives of somatic cell gene therapy

True False
THE ANSWER
True

2. what virus is not known to treat any symptoms → retroviruses; lentiviruses

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → adeno-associated viruses

3. what is mainly affected by cystic fibrosis → liver

True False
THE ANSWER
False
It should be → airway epithelia

4. properties of an ideal viral vector? → high viral titres

site-specific integration
low toxicity
ability to be regulated
convenience and reproducibility of production

True False
THE ANSWER
True

5. what ApoE allele has a 79% frequency, what phenotype? → ApoE4; risk

True False
Check ansTHE ANSWER
False
It should be → ApoE3; neutral