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Valentinian II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valentinian II
00:00:14 1 Early life and accession (371–375)
00:01:19 2 Reign from Milan (375–387)
00:04:40 3 Reign from Vienne (388–392)
00:07:55 4 Significance
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to lis...
published: 03 Dec 2018
-
Ranking Every Roman Emperor from Worst to Best
00:00 Intro, please leave a like, comment and sub
00:49 77 to 31
10:01 30 to 1
19:53 Please like, comment and subscribe!
After deliberating a lot, I've ranked every Roman Emperor from worst to best ranging from Augustus all the way to Theodosius I. It took me, well... a really long time.
There were so many lousy Emperors, good God. So many of them were just straight-up forgettable.
Am I going to do a sequel to this, and make a Ranking Every Western and Eastern Roman Emperor? Yeah, probably. Eventually, that is...
published: 03 Jun 2021
-
Valerian II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valerian II
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articl...
published: 03 Dec 2018
-
Dicey Depths: Character Creation
Dicey Depths Campaign Episode 1: Character Creation!
Stay tuned for the Dicey Depths campaign adventures of our three new heroes!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RPGs/gaming in general? You're in the right place. Whether you enjoy Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), Pathfinder from Paizo, Warhammer Fantasy, Age of Sigmar, 40k, etc. from Games Workshop, Magic: the Gathering (MtG) from Wizards of the Coast (WotC), Pokémon, Nintendo, PlayStation, miniature terrain from WizKids such as WarLock Tiles, Dwarven Forge, Miniature Building Authority, Eslo, etc. there's probably something for you on my channel! Including reviews of mostly fantasy ttrpg/board game content, check out my hauls and game room tours!
published: 27 Apr 2023
-
Gnosticism | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism
00:02:11 1 Etymology
00:04:59 2 Origins
00:06:44 2.1 Judeo-Christian origins
00:12:39 2.2 Neoplatonic influences
00:13:55 2.3 Persian origins or influences
00:15:09 2.4 Buddhist parallels
00:15:58 3 Characteristics
00:16:07 3.1 Cosmology
00:16:53 3.2 Dualism and monism
00:17:47 3.3 Moral and ritual practice
00:18:43 4 Concepts
00:18:53 4.1 Monad
00:20:38 4.2 Pleroma
00:21:54 4.3 Emanation
00:22:25 4.4 Aeon
00:23:33 4.5 Sophia
00:25:24 4.6 Demiurge
00:27:22 4.7 Archon
00:28:15 4.8 Other concepts
00:29:54 5 Jesus as Gnostic saviour
00:30:47 6 Development
00:33:58 7 Relation with early Christianity
00:34:17 7.1 Orthodoxy and heresy
00:35:37 7.2 Historical Jesus
00:37:05 7.3 Johannine literature
0...
published: 08 Jan 2019
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162 Milestones in Early Church History (4 BC - 500 AD)
This video explores 162 pivotal milestones in the history of early Christianity from 4 BC to 500 AD. These include:
* Birth of Jesus Christ (c. 4 BC)
* Baptism of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Crucifixion of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Resurrection of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Pentecost (c. 30-33 AD)
* Conversion of Paul (c. 34-37 AD)
* Council of Jerusalem (c. 49-50 AD)
* Martyrdom of James the Apostle (c. 44-62 AD)
* Destruction of the Second Temple (70 AD)
* Writing of the Gospel of Mark (c. 70-75 AD)
* Persecution of Christians under Nero (64-68 AD)
* Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
* Edict of Milan (313 AD)
* Council of Ephesus (431 AD)
* Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
* Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD)
* Writing of the Confessions by Augustine of Hippo (c. 397-398 AD)
* Theodosian Code (438 AD)
* ...
published: 25 Sep 2023
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Polycarp | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarp
00:01:48 1 Surviving writings and early accounts
00:02:37 2 Life
00:03:15 2.1 Papias
00:05:01 2.2 Visit to Anicetus
00:06:12 2.3 Date of martyrdom
00:08:09 3 Great Sabbath
00:10:54 4 Importance
00:13:17 5 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even l...
published: 26 Mar 2019
-
Lecture 6
published: 05 Feb 2021
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History of the Roman Empire audiobook - part 11
The Students' Roman Empire -audiobook - part 2, A History of the Roman Empire from Its Foundation to the Death of Marcus Aurelius (27 B.C.-180 A.D.)
by John Bagnell Bury (1861-1927)
The writings of J. B. Bury (1861-1927), on subjects ranging from ancient Greece to the 19th-century papacy, are at once scholarly and accessible to the layman. This work covers the period from the beginning of the Roman Empire until Gibbon begins; from Augustus through Marcus Aurelius and the Antoinine Emporers. (Summary by kmerline)
published: 01 Jun 2013
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Dicey Depths - The Basics
It's been a long time coming! A basic overview of Dicey Depths!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RPGs/gaming in general? You're in the right place. Whether you enjoy Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), Pathfinder from Paizo, Warhammer Fantasy, Age of Sigmar, 40k, etc. from Games Workshop, Magic: the Gathering (MtG) from Wizards of the Coast (WotC), Pokémon, Nintendo, PlayStation, miniature terrain from WizKids such as WarLock Tiles, Dwarven Forge, Miniature Building Authority, Eslo, etc. there's probably something for you on my channel! Including reviews of mostly fantasy ttrpg/board game content, check out my hauls and game room tours!
published: 03 Apr 2023
8:50
Valentinian II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valentinian II
00:00:14 1 Early life and accession (371–375)
00:01:19 2 Reign from Milan (375–387)
00:0...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valentinian II
00:00:14 1 Early life and accession (371–375)
00:01:19 2 Reign from Milan (375–387)
00:04:40 3 Reign from Vienne (388–392)
00:07:55 4 Significance
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Valentinian II (Latin: Flavius Valentinianus Augustus; 371 – 15 May 392), was Roman Emperor from AD 375 to 392.
https://wn.com/Valentinian_Ii_|_Wikipedia_Audio_Article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valentinian II
00:00:14 1 Early life and accession (371–375)
00:01:19 2 Reign from Milan (375–387)
00:04:40 3 Reign from Vienne (388–392)
00:07:55 4 Significance
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Valentinian II (Latin: Flavius Valentinianus Augustus; 371 – 15 May 392), was Roman Emperor from AD 375 to 392.
- published: 03 Dec 2018
- views: 200
19:42
Ranking Every Roman Emperor from Worst to Best
00:00 Intro, please leave a like, comment and sub
00:49 77 to 31
10:01 30 to 1
19:53 Please like, comment and subscribe!
After deliberating a lot, I've ranked ...
00:00 Intro, please leave a like, comment and sub
00:49 77 to 31
10:01 30 to 1
19:53 Please like, comment and subscribe!
After deliberating a lot, I've ranked every Roman Emperor from worst to best ranging from Augustus all the way to Theodosius I. It took me, well... a really long time.
There were so many lousy Emperors, good God. So many of them were just straight-up forgettable.
Am I going to do a sequel to this, and make a Ranking Every Western and Eastern Roman Emperor? Yeah, probably. Eventually, that is...
https://wn.com/Ranking_Every_Roman_Emperor_From_Worst_To_Best
00:00 Intro, please leave a like, comment and sub
00:49 77 to 31
10:01 30 to 1
19:53 Please like, comment and subscribe!
After deliberating a lot, I've ranked every Roman Emperor from worst to best ranging from Augustus all the way to Theodosius I. It took me, well... a really long time.
There were so many lousy Emperors, good God. So many of them were just straight-up forgettable.
Am I going to do a sequel to this, and make a Ranking Every Western and Eastern Roman Emperor? Yeah, probably. Eventually, that is...
- published: 03 Jun 2021
- views: 2860274
2:22
Valerian II | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valerian II
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written langua...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valerian II
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Publius Licinius Cornelius Valerianus (died 258), also known as Valerian II, was the eldest son of Roman Emperor Gallienus and Augusta Cornelia Salonina who was of Greek origin and grandson of the Emperor Valerian who was of a noble and traditional senatorial family.
Shortly after his acclamation as Emperor (Augustus) Valerian made Gallienus his co-Emperor and his grandson, Valerian, Caesar, in 256. (For a discussion of the dynastic politics that motivated this process, see the related article on Saloninus).
The young Caesar was then established in Sirmium to represent the Licinius family in the government of the troubled Illyrian provinces while Gallienus transferred his attentions to Germany to deal with barbarian incursions into Gaul. Because of his youth (he was probably no more than fifteen at the time), Valerian was put under the guardianship of Ingenuus, who seems to have held an extraordinary command as governor of the Illyrian provinces, i.e. Upper and Lower Pannonia and Upper and Lower Moesia.
It is reported that Salonina was not happy with this arrangement. Although she could not publicly dispute the decisions of Valerian, the pater patriae which had been formally agreed by her husband, Gallienus, she suspected Ingenuus's motives and asked an officer called Valentinus, otherwise unknown, to keep an eye on him. Despite this precaution, Valerian died in early 258 in circumstances sufficiently suspicious for Gallienus to attempt to demote Ingenuus. It was this action that sparked the attempted usurpation of the Empire by Ingenuus, who had widespread support among the Illyrian garrisons and the provincial establishment.
As in case of his brother, Saloninus, who was later made Caesar in Gaul, the little we know of Valerian's short reign in Illyria is indicative of the chaotic situation that prevailed on the northern frontiers of the Empire under Valerian and Gallienus. It seems to show that the mere presence of a member of the Imperial House in a troubled region was not sufficient to assuage local fears of being neglected by the distant Emperor. The local Caesar had to wield undisputed authority in his region and command the resources and the experience to deal with the internal and external threats to its security. Diocletian and Maximian seem to have understood this when they set up Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars in Gaul and Illyria respectively some thirty-five years later.
https://wn.com/Valerian_Ii_|_Wikipedia_Audio_Article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Valerian II
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ
You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Publius Licinius Cornelius Valerianus (died 258), also known as Valerian II, was the eldest son of Roman Emperor Gallienus and Augusta Cornelia Salonina who was of Greek origin and grandson of the Emperor Valerian who was of a noble and traditional senatorial family.
Shortly after his acclamation as Emperor (Augustus) Valerian made Gallienus his co-Emperor and his grandson, Valerian, Caesar, in 256. (For a discussion of the dynastic politics that motivated this process, see the related article on Saloninus).
The young Caesar was then established in Sirmium to represent the Licinius family in the government of the troubled Illyrian provinces while Gallienus transferred his attentions to Germany to deal with barbarian incursions into Gaul. Because of his youth (he was probably no more than fifteen at the time), Valerian was put under the guardianship of Ingenuus, who seems to have held an extraordinary command as governor of the Illyrian provinces, i.e. Upper and Lower Pannonia and Upper and Lower Moesia.
It is reported that Salonina was not happy with this arrangement. Although she could not publicly dispute the decisions of Valerian, the pater patriae which had been formally agreed by her husband, Gallienus, she suspected Ingenuus's motives and asked an officer called Valentinus, otherwise unknown, to keep an eye on him. Despite this precaution, Valerian died in early 258 in circumstances sufficiently suspicious for Gallienus to attempt to demote Ingenuus. It was this action that sparked the attempted usurpation of the Empire by Ingenuus, who had widespread support among the Illyrian garrisons and the provincial establishment.
As in case of his brother, Saloninus, who was later made Caesar in Gaul, the little we know of Valerian's short reign in Illyria is indicative of the chaotic situation that prevailed on the northern frontiers of the Empire under Valerian and Gallienus. It seems to show that the mere presence of a member of the Imperial House in a troubled region was not sufficient to assuage local fears of being neglected by the distant Emperor. The local Caesar had to wield undisputed authority in his region and command the resources and the experience to deal with the internal and external threats to its security. Diocletian and Maximian seem to have understood this when they set up Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars in Gaul and Illyria respectively some thirty-five years later.
- published: 03 Dec 2018
- views: 35
37:21
Dicey Depths: Character Creation
Dicey Depths Campaign Episode 1: Character Creation!
Stay tuned for the Dicey Depths campaign adventures of our three new heroes!
Do you love miniature board ...
Dicey Depths Campaign Episode 1: Character Creation!
Stay tuned for the Dicey Depths campaign adventures of our three new heroes!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RPGs/gaming in general? You're in the right place. Whether you enjoy Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), Pathfinder from Paizo, Warhammer Fantasy, Age of Sigmar, 40k, etc. from Games Workshop, Magic: the Gathering (MtG) from Wizards of the Coast (WotC), Pokémon, Nintendo, PlayStation, miniature terrain from WizKids such as WarLock Tiles, Dwarven Forge, Miniature Building Authority, Eslo, etc. there's probably something for you on my channel! Including reviews of mostly fantasy ttrpg/board game content, check out my hauls and game room tours!
https://wn.com/Dicey_Depths_Character_Creation
Dicey Depths Campaign Episode 1: Character Creation!
Stay tuned for the Dicey Depths campaign adventures of our three new heroes!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RPGs/gaming in general? You're in the right place. Whether you enjoy Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), Pathfinder from Paizo, Warhammer Fantasy, Age of Sigmar, 40k, etc. from Games Workshop, Magic: the Gathering (MtG) from Wizards of the Coast (WotC), Pokémon, Nintendo, PlayStation, miniature terrain from WizKids such as WarLock Tiles, Dwarven Forge, Miniature Building Authority, Eslo, etc. there's probably something for you on my channel! Including reviews of mostly fantasy ttrpg/board game content, check out my hauls and game room tours!
- published: 27 Apr 2023
- views: 437
1:32:03
Gnosticism | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism
00:02:11 1 Etymology
00:04:59 2 Origins
00:06:44 2.1 Judeo-Chr...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism
00:02:11 1 Etymology
00:04:59 2 Origins
00:06:44 2.1 Judeo-Christian origins
00:12:39 2.2 Neoplatonic influences
00:13:55 2.3 Persian origins or influences
00:15:09 2.4 Buddhist parallels
00:15:58 3 Characteristics
00:16:07 3.1 Cosmology
00:16:53 3.2 Dualism and monism
00:17:47 3.3 Moral and ritual practice
00:18:43 4 Concepts
00:18:53 4.1 Monad
00:20:38 4.2 Pleroma
00:21:54 4.3 Emanation
00:22:25 4.4 Aeon
00:23:33 4.5 Sophia
00:25:24 4.6 Demiurge
00:27:22 4.7 Archon
00:28:15 4.8 Other concepts
00:29:54 5 Jesus as Gnostic saviour
00:30:47 6 Development
00:33:58 7 Relation with early Christianity
00:34:17 7.1 Orthodoxy and heresy
00:35:37 7.2 Historical Jesus
00:37:05 7.3 Johannine literature
00:38:50 7.4 Paul and Gnosticism
00:40:48 8 Major movements
00:40:57 8.1 Syrian-Egyptian Gnosticism
00:42:52 8.1.1 Sethite-Barbeloite
00:46:36 8.1.2 Samaritan Baptist sects
00:48:56 8.1.3 Valentinianism
00:52:19 8.1.4 Thomasine traditions
00:52:50 8.1.5 Marcion
00:54:20 8.1.6 Hermeticism
00:54:37 8.1.7 Other Gnostic groups
00:56:31 8.2 Persian Gnosticism
00:57:13 8.2.1 Manichaeism
01:00:49 8.2.2 Mandaeanism
01:02:45 8.3 Middle Ages
01:04:19 8.3.1 Influence on Islam
01:08:34 8.3.2 Kabbalah
01:10:14 8.4 Modern times
01:13:22 9 Sources
01:13:31 9.1 Heresiologists
01:16:28 9.2 Gnostic texts
01:18:17 10 Academic studies
01:18:26 10.1 Development
01:22:31 10.2 Definitions of Gnosticism
01:23:35 10.2.1 Typologies
01:26:18 10.2.2 Traditional approaches – Gnosticism as Christian heresy
01:27:07 10.2.3 Phenomenological approaches
01:27:46 10.2.4 Restricting Gnosticism
01:28:56 10.2.5 Deconstructing Gnosticism
01:30:20 10.2.6 Psychological approaches
01:31:32 11 See also
01:31:50 12 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.7763658442240854
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: γνωστικός gnostikos, "having knowledge", from γνῶσις gnōsis, knowledge) is a modern name for a variety of ancient religious ideas and systems, originating in Jewish-Christian milieux in the first and second century AD. These systems believed that the material world is created by an emanation of the highest God, trapping the divine spark within the human body. This divine spark could be liberated by gnosis, spiritual knowledge acquired through direct experience. Some of the core teachings include the following:
All matter is evil, and the non-material, spirit-realm is good.
There is an unknowable God, who gave rise to many lesser spirit beings called Aeons.
The creator of the (material) universe is not the supreme god, but an inferior spirit (the Demiurge).
Gnosticism does not deal with "sin", only ignorance.
To achieve salvation, one needs to get in touch with gnosis.The Gnostic ideas and systems flourished in the Mediterranean world in the second century AD, in conjunction with and influenced by the early Christian movements and Middle Platonism. After the second century, a decline set in, but Gnosticism persisted throughout the centuries as an undercurrent of Western culture, remanifesting with the Renaissance as Western esotericism, taking prominence with modern spirituality. In the Persian Empire, Gnosticism spread as far as China with Manicheism, while Mandaeism is still alive in Iraq.
A major question in scholarly research is the qualification of Gnosticism, based on the study of its texts, as either an interreligious phenomenon or as an independent religion.
https://wn.com/Gnosticism_|_Wikipedia_Audio_Article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticism
00:02:11 1 Etymology
00:04:59 2 Origins
00:06:44 2.1 Judeo-Christian origins
00:12:39 2.2 Neoplatonic influences
00:13:55 2.3 Persian origins or influences
00:15:09 2.4 Buddhist parallels
00:15:58 3 Characteristics
00:16:07 3.1 Cosmology
00:16:53 3.2 Dualism and monism
00:17:47 3.3 Moral and ritual practice
00:18:43 4 Concepts
00:18:53 4.1 Monad
00:20:38 4.2 Pleroma
00:21:54 4.3 Emanation
00:22:25 4.4 Aeon
00:23:33 4.5 Sophia
00:25:24 4.6 Demiurge
00:27:22 4.7 Archon
00:28:15 4.8 Other concepts
00:29:54 5 Jesus as Gnostic saviour
00:30:47 6 Development
00:33:58 7 Relation with early Christianity
00:34:17 7.1 Orthodoxy and heresy
00:35:37 7.2 Historical Jesus
00:37:05 7.3 Johannine literature
00:38:50 7.4 Paul and Gnosticism
00:40:48 8 Major movements
00:40:57 8.1 Syrian-Egyptian Gnosticism
00:42:52 8.1.1 Sethite-Barbeloite
00:46:36 8.1.2 Samaritan Baptist sects
00:48:56 8.1.3 Valentinianism
00:52:19 8.1.4 Thomasine traditions
00:52:50 8.1.5 Marcion
00:54:20 8.1.6 Hermeticism
00:54:37 8.1.7 Other Gnostic groups
00:56:31 8.2 Persian Gnosticism
00:57:13 8.2.1 Manichaeism
01:00:49 8.2.2 Mandaeanism
01:02:45 8.3 Middle Ages
01:04:19 8.3.1 Influence on Islam
01:08:34 8.3.2 Kabbalah
01:10:14 8.4 Modern times
01:13:22 9 Sources
01:13:31 9.1 Heresiologists
01:16:28 9.2 Gnostic texts
01:18:17 10 Academic studies
01:18:26 10.1 Development
01:22:31 10.2 Definitions of Gnosticism
01:23:35 10.2.1 Typologies
01:26:18 10.2.2 Traditional approaches – Gnosticism as Christian heresy
01:27:07 10.2.3 Phenomenological approaches
01:27:46 10.2.4 Restricting Gnosticism
01:28:56 10.2.5 Deconstructing Gnosticism
01:30:20 10.2.6 Psychological approaches
01:31:32 11 See also
01:31:50 12 Notes
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.7763658442240854
Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: γνωστικός gnostikos, "having knowledge", from γνῶσις gnōsis, knowledge) is a modern name for a variety of ancient religious ideas and systems, originating in Jewish-Christian milieux in the first and second century AD. These systems believed that the material world is created by an emanation of the highest God, trapping the divine spark within the human body. This divine spark could be liberated by gnosis, spiritual knowledge acquired through direct experience. Some of the core teachings include the following:
All matter is evil, and the non-material, spirit-realm is good.
There is an unknowable God, who gave rise to many lesser spirit beings called Aeons.
The creator of the (material) universe is not the supreme god, but an inferior spirit (the Demiurge).
Gnosticism does not deal with "sin", only ignorance.
To achieve salvation, one needs to get in touch with gnosis.The Gnostic ideas and systems flourished in the Mediterranean world in the second century AD, in conjunction with and influenced by the early Christian movements and Middle Platonism. After the second century, a decline set in, but Gnosticism persisted throughout the centuries as an undercurrent of Western culture, remanifesting with the Renaissance as Western esotericism, taking prominence with modern spirituality. In the Persian Empire, Gnosticism spread as far as China with Manicheism, while Mandaeism is still alive in Iraq.
A major question in scholarly research is the qualification of Gnosticism, based on the study of its texts, as either an interreligious phenomenon or as an independent religion.
- published: 08 Jan 2019
- views: 103
19:25
162 Milestones in Early Church History (4 BC - 500 AD)
This video explores 162 pivotal milestones in the history of early Christianity from 4 BC to 500 AD. These include:
* Birth of Jesus Christ (c. 4 BC)
* Baptism...
This video explores 162 pivotal milestones in the history of early Christianity from 4 BC to 500 AD. These include:
* Birth of Jesus Christ (c. 4 BC)
* Baptism of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Crucifixion of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Resurrection of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Pentecost (c. 30-33 AD)
* Conversion of Paul (c. 34-37 AD)
* Council of Jerusalem (c. 49-50 AD)
* Martyrdom of James the Apostle (c. 44-62 AD)
* Destruction of the Second Temple (70 AD)
* Writing of the Gospel of Mark (c. 70-75 AD)
* Persecution of Christians under Nero (64-68 AD)
* Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
* Edict of Milan (313 AD)
* Council of Ephesus (431 AD)
* Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
* Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD)
* Writing of the Confessions by Augustine of Hippo (c. 397-398 AD)
* Theodosian Code (438 AD)
* Pope Leo I's Tome of Leo (c. 449 AD)
* Rise of the Roman See (c. 500 AD)
https://wn.com/162_Milestones_In_Early_Church_History_(4_Bc_500_Ad)
This video explores 162 pivotal milestones in the history of early Christianity from 4 BC to 500 AD. These include:
* Birth of Jesus Christ (c. 4 BC)
* Baptism of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Crucifixion of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Resurrection of Jesus (c. 30-33 AD)
* Pentecost (c. 30-33 AD)
* Conversion of Paul (c. 34-37 AD)
* Council of Jerusalem (c. 49-50 AD)
* Martyrdom of James the Apostle (c. 44-62 AD)
* Destruction of the Second Temple (70 AD)
* Writing of the Gospel of Mark (c. 70-75 AD)
* Persecution of Christians under Nero (64-68 AD)
* Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
* Edict of Milan (313 AD)
* Council of Ephesus (431 AD)
* Council of Chalcedon (451 AD)
* Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD)
* Writing of the Confessions by Augustine of Hippo (c. 397-398 AD)
* Theodosian Code (438 AD)
* Pope Leo I's Tome of Leo (c. 449 AD)
* Rise of the Roman See (c. 500 AD)
- published: 25 Sep 2023
- views: 45
13:55
Polycarp | Wikipedia audio article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarp
00:01:48 1 Surviving writings and early accounts
00:02:37 2 Life...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarp
00:01:48 1 Surviving writings and early accounts
00:02:37 2 Life
00:03:15 2.1 Papias
00:05:01 2.2 Visit to Anicetus
00:06:12 2.3 Date of martyrdom
00:08:09 3 Great Sabbath
00:10:54 4 Importance
00:13:17 5 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.7917036561953575
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Polycarp (; Greek: Πολύκαρπος, Polýkarpos; Latin: Polycarpus; AD 69 – 155) was a 2nd-century Christian bishop of Smyrna. According to the Martyrdom of Polycarp he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed to touch him. Polycarp is regarded as a saint and Church Father in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. His name 'Polycarp' means 'much fruit' in Greek.
Both Irenaeus, who as a young man heard Polycarp speak, and Tertullian recorded that Polycarp had been a disciple of John the Apostle. Jerome wrote that Polycarp was a disciple of John and that John had ordained him bishop of Smyrna.
The late tradition surrounding Polycarp that expanded upon the Martyrdom is embodied in the Coptic language fragmentary papyri (the "Harris fragments") dating to the 3rd to 6th centuries. These fragments compare and contrast Polycarp with John the Apostle, who, though many people had tried to kill him, was not martyred but died of old age after being exiled to the island of Patmos. Frederick Weidmann, editor of the Harris fragments, interprets them as Smyrnan hagiography addressing Smyrna–Ephesus church rivalries, which "develops the association of Polycarp and John to a degree unwitnessed, so far as we know, either before or since". The fragments echo the Martyrology, and diverge from it.
With Clement of Rome and Ignatius of Antioch, Polycarp is regarded as one of three chief Apostolic Fathers. Polycarp is the patron saint of Smyrna.
https://wn.com/Polycarp_|_Wikipedia_Audio_Article
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarp
00:01:48 1 Surviving writings and early accounts
00:02:37 2 Life
00:03:15 2.1 Papias
00:05:01 2.2 Visit to Anicetus
00:06:12 2.3 Date of martyrdom
00:08:09 3 Great Sabbath
00:10:54 4 Importance
00:13:17 5 See also
Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago.
Learning by listening is a great way to:
- increases imagination and understanding
- improves your listening skills
- improves your own spoken accent
- learn while on the move
- reduce eye strain
Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone.
Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio:
https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91
Other Wikipedia audio articles at:
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts
Upload your own Wikipedia articles through:
https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts
Speaking Rate: 0.7917036561953575
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B
"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates
SUMMARY
=======
Polycarp (; Greek: Πολύκαρπος, Polýkarpos; Latin: Polycarpus; AD 69 – 155) was a 2nd-century Christian bishop of Smyrna. According to the Martyrdom of Polycarp he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed to touch him. Polycarp is regarded as a saint and Church Father in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. His name 'Polycarp' means 'much fruit' in Greek.
Both Irenaeus, who as a young man heard Polycarp speak, and Tertullian recorded that Polycarp had been a disciple of John the Apostle. Jerome wrote that Polycarp was a disciple of John and that John had ordained him bishop of Smyrna.
The late tradition surrounding Polycarp that expanded upon the Martyrdom is embodied in the Coptic language fragmentary papyri (the "Harris fragments") dating to the 3rd to 6th centuries. These fragments compare and contrast Polycarp with John the Apostle, who, though many people had tried to kill him, was not martyred but died of old age after being exiled to the island of Patmos. Frederick Weidmann, editor of the Harris fragments, interprets them as Smyrnan hagiography addressing Smyrna–Ephesus church rivalries, which "develops the association of Polycarp and John to a degree unwitnessed, so far as we know, either before or since". The fragments echo the Martyrology, and diverge from it.
With Clement of Rome and Ignatius of Antioch, Polycarp is regarded as one of three chief Apostolic Fathers. Polycarp is the patron saint of Smyrna.
- published: 26 Mar 2019
- views: 22
1:43:38
History of the Roman Empire audiobook - part 11
The Students' Roman Empire -audiobook - part 2, A History of the Roman Empire from Its Foundation to the Death of Marcus Aurelius (27 B.C.-180 A.D.)
by John Bag...
The Students' Roman Empire -audiobook - part 2, A History of the Roman Empire from Its Foundation to the Death of Marcus Aurelius (27 B.C.-180 A.D.)
by John Bagnell Bury (1861-1927)
The writings of J. B. Bury (1861-1927), on subjects ranging from ancient Greece to the 19th-century papacy, are at once scholarly and accessible to the layman. This work covers the period from the beginning of the Roman Empire until Gibbon begins; from Augustus through Marcus Aurelius and the Antoinine Emporers. (Summary by kmerline)
https://wn.com/History_Of_The_Roman_Empire_Audiobook_Part_11
The Students' Roman Empire -audiobook - part 2, A History of the Roman Empire from Its Foundation to the Death of Marcus Aurelius (27 B.C.-180 A.D.)
by John Bagnell Bury (1861-1927)
The writings of J. B. Bury (1861-1927), on subjects ranging from ancient Greece to the 19th-century papacy, are at once scholarly and accessible to the layman. This work covers the period from the beginning of the Roman Empire until Gibbon begins; from Augustus through Marcus Aurelius and the Antoinine Emporers. (Summary by kmerline)
- published: 01 Jun 2013
- views: 1320
44:53
Dicey Depths - The Basics
It's been a long time coming! A basic overview of Dicey Depths!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RP...
It's been a long time coming! A basic overview of Dicey Depths!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RPGs/gaming in general? You're in the right place. Whether you enjoy Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), Pathfinder from Paizo, Warhammer Fantasy, Age of Sigmar, 40k, etc. from Games Workshop, Magic: the Gathering (MtG) from Wizards of the Coast (WotC), Pokémon, Nintendo, PlayStation, miniature terrain from WizKids such as WarLock Tiles, Dwarven Forge, Miniature Building Authority, Eslo, etc. there's probably something for you on my channel! Including reviews of mostly fantasy ttrpg/board game content, check out my hauls and game room tours!
https://wn.com/Dicey_Depths_The_Basics
It's been a long time coming! A basic overview of Dicey Depths!
Do you love miniature board games, dice games, card games, wargames/skirmish games/tabletop RPGs/gaming in general? You're in the right place. Whether you enjoy Dungeons and Dragons (D&D), Pathfinder from Paizo, Warhammer Fantasy, Age of Sigmar, 40k, etc. from Games Workshop, Magic: the Gathering (MtG) from Wizards of the Coast (WotC), Pokémon, Nintendo, PlayStation, miniature terrain from WizKids such as WarLock Tiles, Dwarven Forge, Miniature Building Authority, Eslo, etc. there's probably something for you on my channel! Including reviews of mostly fantasy ttrpg/board game content, check out my hauls and game room tours!
- published: 03 Apr 2023
- views: 1091