'+pages+''); $('.stream > div:odd').addClass('bgr_color'); updateHeight('#history'); }); window.activateTabArea = ensure(function(tab, areas){ var parsed = false; var parts = (areas || '').split('/'); window.fsonload = $.inArray('fs', parts) >= 0; if(fsonload){ parts.splice(parts.indexOf('fs'), 1); } var replayMode = false; if($.inArray('replay', parts)>=0){ replayMode = 'replay'; } var noSoundMode = false; if($.inArray('nosound', parts)>=0){ noSoundMode = 'nosound'; } if($.inArray('ns', parts)>=0){ noSoundMode = 'ns'; } var previewMode = null; if($.inArray('p', parts)>=0){ previewMode = 'p'; } if($.inArray('preview', parts)>=0){ previewMode = 'preview'; } if($.inArray('repeat', parts)>=0){ replayMode = 'repeat'; } if($.inArray('r', parts)>=0 || $.inArray('ro', parts)>=0){ replayMode = 'r'; } if(replayMode){ parts.splice(parts.indexOf(replayMode), 1); } if(noSoundMode){ parts.splice(parts.indexOf(noSoundMode), 1); } if(previewMode){ parts.splice(parts.indexOf(previewMode), 1); } if(previewMode){ if(!parts.length){ parts = ['1-14', '999:59']; } } var area = parts[0]; if(tab == 'history' && false){ var page = parseInt(area || '1') || 1; $.ajax({ url: 'https://login.wn.com/recent/json/?pp='+history_pp+'&skip='+history_pp*(page-1), dataType: 'jsonp', success: function(response){ $ensure(function(){ renderHistory(response, page); }); } }); return true; } if(tab == 'global_history' && false){ var page = parseInt(area || '1') || 1; globalHistory.fetchStream(page, '', function(){ updateHeight('#global_history'); }); return true; } if(tab == 'my_playlists' && false){ var page = parseInt(area || '1') || 1; myPlaylists.fetchStream(page, '', function(){ updateHeight('#my_playlists'); }); return true; } if(tab == 'my_videos' && false){ var page = parseInt(area || '1') || 1; myVideos.fetchStream(page, '', function(){ updateHeight('#my_videos'); }); return true; } if(tab == 'related_sites' && areas && matchPosition(areas)){ var seconds = parsePosition(areas); scrollRelated(seconds); return false; } if(matchPosition(area) || matchAction(area)){ parts.unshift('1'); area = parts[0]; } if(tab == 'expand' && area && area.match(/\d+/)) { var num = parseInt(area); if(num < 100){ //FIX ME. 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var par = el.closest('.playlist_scrollarea'); par.scrollTop(el.offset().top-par.height()/2); } var updateVolumeState = function(){ if(noSoundMode){ if(noSoundMode == 'turn-on'){ clog("Sound is on, vsid="+vp.vsid); vp.setVolumeUnMute(); noSoundMode = false; }else{ clog("Sound is off, vsid="+vp.vsid); vp.setVolumeMute(); noSoundMode = 'turn-on'; } } } var playQueueUpdate = function(){ var playPosition = playQueue[playQueuePosition]; vp.playFromPlaylist(playPosition.video); scrollToPlaylistPosition(vp); playShouldStart = playPosition.start; playShouldStop = playPosition.stop; }; var playQueueAdvancePosition = function(){ clog("Advancing play position..."); playQueuePosition ++; while(playQueuePosition < playQueue.length && !playQueue[playQueuePosition].video){ playQueuePosition ++; } if(playQueuePosition < playQueue.length){ playQueueUpdate(); }else if(vp.getReplayCurrent()){ playQueuePosition = 0; playQueueUpdate(); vp.seekTo(playShouldStart); vp.playVideo(); }else{ vp.pauseVideo(); playShouldStop = null; playShouldStart = null; } }; function loadMoreVideos(playerId, vp, start, finish, callback){ var playlistInfo = playlists[playerId-1]; if(playlistInfo.loading >= finish) return; playlistInfo.loading = finish; $.ajax({ url: '/api/upge/cheetah-photo-search/query_videos2', dataType: 'json', data: { query: playlistInfo.query, orderby: playlistInfo.orderby, start: start, count: finish-start }, success: function(response){ var pl = vp.getPlaylist().slice(0); pl.push.apply(pl, response); vp.setPlaylist(pl); callback(); } }); } if(parts.length == 1 && matchDash(parts[0])){ var pl = vp.getActualPlaylist(); var vids = parseDash(parts[0]); parts = []; for(var i = 0; i < vids.length; i++){ playQueue.push({ 'video': pl[vids[i]-1], 'start': 0, 'stop': null }) } if(vids.length){ if(vids[vids.length-1]-1>=pl.length){ loadMoreVideos(playerId, vp, pl.length, vids[vids.length-1], function(){ if(fsonload){ activateTabArea(tab, parts[0]+'/fs'); }else{ activateTabArea(tab, parts[0]); } var pls = vp.getPlaylist(); vp.playFromPlaylist(pls[pls.length-1]); vp.playVideo(); scrollToPlaylistPosition(vp); }); return true; } } if(playQueue){ playQueueUpdate(); vp.playVideo(); parsed = true; playShouldStart = 0; } } if(previewMode){ var vids = []; var dur = 0; var pl = vp.getActualPlaylist(); area = parts[0]; if(parts.length == 1 && matchPosition(parts[0])){ vids = parseDash('1-'+pl.length); dur = parsePosition(parts[0]); parts = []; }else if(parts.length == 1 && matchDash(parts[0])){ vids = parseDash(parts[0]); dur = parsePosition("999:59"); parts = []; } if(parts.length == 2 && matchDash(parts[0]) && matchPosition(parts[1])){ vids = parseDash(parts[0]); dur = parsePosition(parts[1]); parts = []; } for(var i = 0; i < vids.length; i++){ playQueue.push({ 'video': pl[vids[i]-1], 'start': 0, 'stop': dur }) } if(playQueue){ playQueueUpdate(); vp.playVideo(); parsed = true; } } if(parts.length>1){ for(var i = 0; i < parts.length; i++){ var sel = findMatchingVideo(vp, parts[i]); if(sel){ playQueue.push({ 'video': sel, 'start': 0, 'stop': null }) } } if(playQueue){ playQueueUpdate(); 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if(vp.getCurrentVideo() == playQueue[playQueuePosition].video){ playQueueAdvancePosition(); }else{ playShouldStart = null; } } }, 500); vp.playerContainer.bind('videoplayer.player.statechange', function(e, state){ if(state == 'ended'){ // advance to the next video playQueueAdvancePosition(); } }); vp.playerContainer.bind('videoplayer.player.readychange', function(e, state){ if(state){ updateVolumeState(); if(playShouldStart !== null){ vp.seekTo(playShouldStart); playShouldStart = null; }else{ playShouldStop = null; // someone started other video, stop playing from playQueue } } if(fsonload) { triggerFullscreen(playerId); fsonload = false; } }); } } else if(tab.match(/^wiki\d+$/)){ if(firstTimeActivate){ load_wiki($('#'+tab), function(){ if(area){ var areaNode = $('#'+area); if(areaNode.length>0){ $('html, body').scrollTop(areaNode.offset().top + 10); return true; } } }); } } return parsed; }) window.activateTab = ensure(function(tab, area){ window.activeArea = null; if(tab == 'import_videos'){ if(area){ import_videos(area); 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  Protein Kinase C

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Protein kinase C

Protein kinase C also known as PKC (EC 2.7.11.13) is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins. PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca²⁺). Hence PKC enzymes play important roles in several signal transduction cascades.

The PKC family consists of fifteen isozymes in humans. They are divided into three subfamilies, based on their second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical. Conventional (c)PKCs contain the isoforms α, β_I, β_II, and γ. These require Ca²⁺, DAG, and a phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine for activation. Novel (n)PKCs include the δ, ε, η, and θ isoforms, and require DAG, but do not require Ca²⁺ for activation. Thus, conventional and novel PKCs are activated through the same signal transduction pathway as phospholipase C. On the other hand, atypical (a)PKCs (including protein kinase Mζ and ι / λ isoforms) require neither Ca²⁺ nor diacylglycerol for activation. The term "protein kinase C" usually refers to the entire family of isoforms.

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Protein_kinase_C

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• 

  Protein kinase C HD

  The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase. #onkoview, #kinase, #pip3, #pip2, #cell

  published: 07 Feb 2022
• 

  Protein kinase C

  The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase.

  published: 22 Feb 2010
• 

  Protein kinase c pathway

  This lecture explains about the protein kinase c pathway. protein kinase c synthesis and activation is very important in many cell signaling pathways in cell. http://shomusbiology.com/ Download the study materials here- http://shomusbiology.com/bio-materials.html Remember Shomu’s Biology is created to spread the knowledge of life science and biology by sharing all this free biology lectures video and animation presented by Suman Bhattacharjee in YouTube. All these tutorials are brought to you for free. Please subscribe to our channel so that we can grow together. You can check for any of the following services from Shomu’s Biology- Buy Shomu’s Biology lecture DVD set- www.shomusbiology.com/dvd-store Shomu’s Biology assignment services – www.shomusbiology.com/assignment -help Join Online co...

  published: 06 Dec 2012
• 

  Protein Kinase C activation

  I think the diagram itself explains whats happening very nicely and this video is sort of redundant but if you wish to hear a spoken word here you go, the diagram explains everything well though!!

  published: 26 Mar 2020
• 

  IP3 DAG Calcium Pathway

  IP3-mediated signal transduction pathways First messengers are extracellular signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. In response to exposure to these first messengers, intracellular signaling molecules called second messengers are released by the cell. Two such second messengers are IP3 and DAG. Calcium is also an important second messenger. Transient increases in cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels are caused by the binding of some hormones and signal molecules, and this can send important intracellular signals, by activating calcium-binding proteins that then perform various functions. Note that cytosolic increases in calcium concentration can occur in two ways. There are reservoirs of calcium that can be opened within the cell by the second messenger IP3 – the endoplasmic retic...

  published: 13 Oct 2019
• 

  Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors

  Dr. Robert Messing is a physician-scientist, who is working to develop a non-opioid pain medication. He received a 2018 Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award to help support his drug development. Learn more about the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award at: http://www.harringtondiscovery.org/grant Dr. Messing works at University of Texas at Austin. The project selected for the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award is “Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors”.

  published: 30 Sep 2019
• 

  Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway | Second Messenger System

  Lesson on the Inositol Trisphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. IP3, calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) are important second messengers that are unregulated upon activation of a G protein-coupled receptor. Inositol triphosphate and DAG are cleavage products of phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), which is cleaved by phospholipase C. Increasing levels of IP3 lead to augmented cytosolic calcium levels that further lead to activation of downstream cellular targets. Hey everyone. In this lesson you will be introduced to the IP3 and calcium signaling pathway. We will also discuss the purpose of the pathway, enzymes involved in the pathway, and how the pathway is regulated. I hope you find this video helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more videos like this one....

  published: 26 Jun 2018
• 

  The Protein Kinase C Pathway Part 1

  In this video we discuss the Protein Kinase C pathway, along with a few pharmacological tools for interfering with it.

  published: 21 Oct 2014
• 

  Phospholipase C - IP3, DAG Pathway || Gq protein pathway

  Find notes here: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/phospholipase-c-ip3-dag-pathway-of-intracellular-signaling Explore our entire animation video library at: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/ Video Summary: Binding of a ligand with Gq protein-coupled receptor causes release of GDP and binding of GTP. The α subunit then dissociates and activates phospholipase C. Phospholipase C degrades PIP2 into IP3 and DAG. IP3 goes to the endoplasmic reticulum and opens the Ca channel. Released Ca binds with calmodulin. Ca-CaM complex alters the activity of downstream enzymes for example MLCK. DAG activates PKC which modulates the activity of other proteins like MARCKS proteins and transcription factors. 🎞 More videos on Signaling: • G Protein Coupled Receptors: https://youtu.be/5zVysV32hVQ • Adenylyl Cyc...

  published: 19 Jul 2021
• 

  Signal Transduction Pathways (G-Protein, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, cGMP)

  ​​SUPPORT/JOIN THE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaDAUF7UEcRXIFvGZu3O9Q/join My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE. These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.) For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice. Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised. Opinions are entirely my own.

  published: 12 May 2021

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3:59

Protein kinase C HD

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 3:59
• Uploaded Date: 07 Feb 2022
• views: 2777

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trispho...

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase. #onkoview, #kinase, #pip3, #pip2, #cell

https://wn.com/Protein_Kinase_C_Hd

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase. #onkoview, #kinase, #pip3, #pip2, #cell

• published: 07 Feb 2022
• views: 2777

3:56

Protein kinase C

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 3:56
• Uploaded Date: 22 Feb 2010
• views: 73853

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trispho...

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase.

https://wn.com/Protein_Kinase_C

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase.

• published: 22 Feb 2010
• views: 73853

8:32

Protein kinase c pathway

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 8:32
• Uploaded Date: 06 Dec 2012
• views: 30975

This lecture explains about the protein kinase c pathway. protein kinase c synthesis and activation is very important in many cell signaling pathways in cell. h...

This lecture explains about the protein kinase c pathway. protein kinase c synthesis and activation is very important in many cell signaling pathways in cell. http://shomusbiology.com/ Download the study materials here- http://shomusbiology.com/bio-materials.html Remember Shomu’s Biology is created to spread the knowledge of life science and biology by sharing all this free biology lectures video and animation presented by Suman Bhattacharjee in YouTube. All these tutorials are brought to you for free. Please subscribe to our channel so that we can grow together. You can check for any of the following services from Shomu’s Biology- Buy Shomu’s Biology lecture DVD set- www.shomusbiology.com/dvd-store Shomu’s Biology assignment services – www.shomusbiology.com/assignment -help Join Online coaching for CSIR NET exam – www.shomusbiology.com/net-coaching We are social. Find us on different sites here- Our Website – www.shomusbiology.com Facebook page- https://www.facebook.com/ShomusBiology/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/shomusbiology SlideShare- www.slideshare.net/shomusbiology Google plus- https://plus.google.com/113648584982732129198 LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/suman-bhattacharjee-2a051661 Youtube- https://www.youtube.com/user/TheFunsuman Thank you for watching Protein kinase C also known as PKC (EC 2.7.11.13) is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins. PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca2+). Hence PKC enzymes play important roles in several signal transduction cascades. The PKC family consists of fifteen isozymes in humans.[1] They are divided into three subfamilies, based on their second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical.[2] Conventional (c)PKCs contain the isoforms α, βI, βII, and γ. These require Ca2+, DAG, and a phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine for activation. Novel (n)PKCs include the δ, ε, η, and θ isoforms, and require DAG, but do not require Ca2+ for activation. Thus, conventional and novel PKCs are activated through the same signal transduction pathway as phospholipase C. On the other hand, atypical (a)PKCs (including protein kinase Mζ and ι / λ isoforms) require neither Ca2+ nor diacylglycerol for activation. The term "protein kinase C" usually refers to the entire family of isoforms. Source of the article published in description is Wikipedia. I am sharing their material. © by original content developers of Wikipedia. Link- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

https://wn.com/Protein_Kinase_C_Pathway

This lecture explains about the protein kinase c pathway. protein kinase c synthesis and activation is very important in many cell signaling pathways in cell. http://shomusbiology.com/ Download the study materials here- http://shomusbiology.com/bio-materials.html Remember Shomu’s Biology is created to spread the knowledge of life science and biology by sharing all this free biology lectures video and animation presented by Suman Bhattacharjee in YouTube. All these tutorials are brought to you for free. Please subscribe to our channel so that we can grow together. You can check for any of the following services from Shomu’s Biology- Buy Shomu’s Biology lecture DVD set- www.shomusbiology.com/dvd-store Shomu’s Biology assignment services – www.shomusbiology.com/assignment -help Join Online coaching for CSIR NET exam – www.shomusbiology.com/net-coaching We are social. Find us on different sites here- Our Website – www.shomusbiology.com Facebook page- https://www.facebook.com/ShomusBiology/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/shomusbiology SlideShare- www.slideshare.net/shomusbiology Google plus- https://plus.google.com/113648584982732129198 LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/suman-bhattacharjee-2a051661 Youtube- https://www.youtube.com/user/TheFunsuman Thank you for watching Protein kinase C also known as PKC (EC 2.7.11.13) is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins. PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca2+). Hence PKC enzymes play important roles in several signal transduction cascades. The PKC family consists of fifteen isozymes in humans.[1] They are divided into three subfamilies, based on their second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical.[2] Conventional (c)PKCs contain the isoforms α, βI, βII, and γ. These require Ca2+, DAG, and a phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine for activation. Novel (n)PKCs include the δ, ε, η, and θ isoforms, and require DAG, but do not require Ca2+ for activation. Thus, conventional and novel PKCs are activated through the same signal transduction pathway as phospholipase C. On the other hand, atypical (a)PKCs (including protein kinase Mζ and ι / λ isoforms) require neither Ca2+ nor diacylglycerol for activation. The term "protein kinase C" usually refers to the entire family of isoforms. Source of the article published in description is Wikipedia. I am sharing their material. © by original content developers of Wikipedia. Link- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

• published: 06 Dec 2012
• views: 30975

1:59

Protein Kinase C activation

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 1:59
• Uploaded Date: 26 Mar 2020
• views: 4777

I think the diagram itself explains whats happening very nicely and this video is sort of redundant but if you wish to hear a spoken word here you go, the diagr...

I think the diagram itself explains whats happening very nicely and this video is sort of redundant but if you wish to hear a spoken word here you go, the diagram explains everything well though!!

https://wn.com/Protein_Kinase_C_Activation

I think the diagram itself explains whats happening very nicely and this video is sort of redundant but if you wish to hear a spoken word here you go, the diagram explains everything well though!!

• published: 26 Mar 2020
• views: 4777

3:27

IP3 DAG Calcium Pathway

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 3:27
• Uploaded Date: 13 Oct 2019
• views: 182029

IP3-mediated signal transduction pathways First messengers are extracellular signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. In response to exposure...

IP3-mediated signal transduction pathways First messengers are extracellular signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. In response to exposure to these first messengers, intracellular signaling molecules called second messengers are released by the cell. Two such second messengers are IP3 and DAG. Calcium is also an important second messenger. Transient increases in cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels are caused by the binding of some hormones and signal molecules, and this can send important intracellular signals, by activating calcium-binding proteins that then perform various functions. Note that cytosolic increases in calcium concentration can occur in two ways. There are reservoirs of calcium that can be opened within the cell by the second messenger IP3 – the endoplasmic reticulum and calciosomes. Otherwise, cyclic AMP can activate the opening of calcium channels in the plasma membrane so that extracellular calcium can rush in. G-protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs, are integral membrane proteins, meaning that they are locked into the cell membrane. They are locked in via 7 transmembrane α-helical segments. GPCRs recognize ligands through an extracellular recognition site. They also have an intracellular recognition site for a G protein. When a ligand binds the extracellular recognition site of a GPCR, this induces a conformational change, activating the G-Protein. There are different kinds of G proteins, sometimes also called membrane-associated heterotrimeric G proteins. Gs activates adenylyl cyclase. Gi inhibits adenylyl cyclase. Gq has three subunits – α, β, and γ. A conformational change in the GPCR activates the G protein. When this happens, the GDP on the Gα subunit gets replaced by GTP. This drives dissociation of the Gα subunit from the Gβγ complex. The now free Gα subunit can activate Phospholipase C-β. Phosphatidylinositol-4-P (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) are produced through successive phorphorylations of phosphatidylinositol (PI). Once it is activated by a G-protein, Phospholipase C-β can break down PIP2. PIP2 is hydrolyzed by phospholipase-C to produce inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), both of which act as second messengers. IP3 is hydrophilic, and diffuses into the cell, while DAG is lipophilic, and hence remains in the cell membrane. IP3 binds to calcium channel on endoplasmic reticulum (or the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the case of muscle cells) and allows release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. DAG, with the help of the calcium released from the endoplasmic reticulum, activates the calcium-dependent Protein Kinase C. Once activated, protein kinase C adds phosphates to target proteins and causes cellular responses.

https://wn.com/Ip3_Dag_Calcium_Pathway

IP3-mediated signal transduction pathways First messengers are extracellular signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. In response to exposure to these first messengers, intracellular signaling molecules called second messengers are released by the cell. Two such second messengers are IP3 and DAG. Calcium is also an important second messenger. Transient increases in cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels are caused by the binding of some hormones and signal molecules, and this can send important intracellular signals, by activating calcium-binding proteins that then perform various functions. Note that cytosolic increases in calcium concentration can occur in two ways. There are reservoirs of calcium that can be opened within the cell by the second messenger IP3 – the endoplasmic reticulum and calciosomes. Otherwise, cyclic AMP can activate the opening of calcium channels in the plasma membrane so that extracellular calcium can rush in. G-protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs, are integral membrane proteins, meaning that they are locked into the cell membrane. They are locked in via 7 transmembrane α-helical segments. GPCRs recognize ligands through an extracellular recognition site. They also have an intracellular recognition site for a G protein. When a ligand binds the extracellular recognition site of a GPCR, this induces a conformational change, activating the G-Protein. There are different kinds of G proteins, sometimes also called membrane-associated heterotrimeric G proteins. Gs activates adenylyl cyclase. Gi inhibits adenylyl cyclase. Gq has three subunits – α, β, and γ. A conformational change in the GPCR activates the G protein. When this happens, the GDP on the Gα subunit gets replaced by GTP. This drives dissociation of the Gα subunit from the Gβγ complex. The now free Gα subunit can activate Phospholipase C-β. Phosphatidylinositol-4-P (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) are produced through successive phorphorylations of phosphatidylinositol (PI). Once it is activated by a G-protein, Phospholipase C-β can break down PIP2. PIP2 is hydrolyzed by phospholipase-C to produce inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), both of which act as second messengers. IP3 is hydrophilic, and diffuses into the cell, while DAG is lipophilic, and hence remains in the cell membrane. IP3 binds to calcium channel on endoplasmic reticulum (or the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the case of muscle cells) and allows release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. DAG, with the help of the calcium released from the endoplasmic reticulum, activates the calcium-dependent Protein Kinase C. Once activated, protein kinase C adds phosphates to target proteins and causes cellular responses.

• published: 13 Oct 2019
• views: 182029

1:53

Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 1:53
• Uploaded Date: 30 Sep 2019
• views: 1054

Dr. Robert Messing is a physician-scientist, who is working to develop a non-opioid pain medication. He received a 2018 Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award to he...

Dr. Robert Messing is a physician-scientist, who is working to develop a non-opioid pain medication. He received a 2018 Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award to help support his drug development. Learn more about the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award at: http://www.harringtondiscovery.org/grant Dr. Messing works at University of Texas at Austin. The project selected for the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award is “Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors”.

https://wn.com/Protein_Kinase_C_Epsilon_Inhibitors

Dr. Robert Messing is a physician-scientist, who is working to develop a non-opioid pain medication. He received a 2018 Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award to help support his drug development. Learn more about the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award at: http://www.harringtondiscovery.org/grant Dr. Messing works at University of Texas at Austin. The project selected for the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award is “Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors”.

• published: 30 Sep 2019
• views: 1054

5:42

Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway | Second Messenger System

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 5:42
• Uploaded Date: 26 Jun 2018
• views: 174052

Lesson on the Inositol Trisphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. IP3, calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) are important second messengers that are unregul...

Lesson on the Inositol Trisphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. IP3, calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) are important second messengers that are unregulated upon activation of a G protein-coupled receptor. Inositol triphosphate and DAG are cleavage products of phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), which is cleaved by phospholipase C. Increasing levels of IP3 lead to augmented cytosolic calcium levels that further lead to activation of downstream cellular targets. Hey everyone. In this lesson you will be introduced to the IP3 and calcium signaling pathway. We will also discuss the purpose of the pathway, enzymes involved in the pathway, and how the pathway is regulated. I hope you find this video helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more videos like this one. :) JJ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For books and more information on these topics https://www.amazon.com/shop/jjmedicine Microphone I use to record these lessons https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00N1YPXW2/?tag=aiponsite-20&linkCode=ic5&ascsubtag=amzn1.idea.1K2H9Z4RF77DB&creativeASIN=B00N1YPXW2&ref=exp_jjmedicine_dp_vv_d Stethoscope I use in my clinical work https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01M0I4KOZ/?tag=aiponsite-20&linkCode=ic5&ascsubtag=amzn1.idea.1K2H9Z4RF77DB&creativeASIN=B01M0I4KOZ&ref=exp_jjmedicine_dp_vv_d Support future lessons and lectures ➜ https://www.patreon.com/jjmedicine Start your own website with BlueHost ➜ https://www.bluehost.com/track/jjmedicine/ Check out the best tool to help grow your YouTube channel (it’s helped me!) https://www.tubebuddy.com/jjmedicine Follow me on Twitter! ➜ https://twitter.com/JJ_Medicine Come join me on Facebook! ➜ https://www.facebook.com/JJ-Medicine-100642648161192/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Check out some of my other lessons. Medical Terminology - The Basics - Lesson 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04Wh2E9oNug Medical Terminology - Anatomical Terms: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkXiE3NEJxw Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuQS_LpNMzo Wnt/B Catenin Signaling Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGVP4J9jpgs Upper vs. Lower Motor Neuron Lesions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=itNd74V53ng Lesson on the Purine Synthesis and Salvage Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2KFVvI8Akk Gastrulation | Formation of Germ Layers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6Kkn0SECJ4 Introductory lesson on Autophagy (Macroautophagy): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmSVKzHc5yA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I am always looking for ways to improve my lessons! Please don't hesitate to leave me feedback and comments - all of your feedback is greatly appreciated! :) And please don't hesitate to send me any messages if you need any help - I will try my best to be here to help you guys :) Thanks for watching! If you found this video helpful, please like and subscribe! JJ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DISCLAIMER: This video is for educational purposes only and information in this lesson SHOULD NOT be used for medical purposes alone. Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.

https://wn.com/Inositol_Triphosphate_(Ip3)_And_Calcium_Signaling_Pathway_|_Second_Messenger_System

Lesson on the Inositol Trisphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. IP3, calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) are important second messengers that are unregulated upon activation of a G protein-coupled receptor. Inositol triphosphate and DAG are cleavage products of phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), which is cleaved by phospholipase C. Increasing levels of IP3 lead to augmented cytosolic calcium levels that further lead to activation of downstream cellular targets. Hey everyone. In this lesson you will be introduced to the IP3 and calcium signaling pathway. We will also discuss the purpose of the pathway, enzymes involved in the pathway, and how the pathway is regulated. I hope you find this video helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more videos like this one. :) JJ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For books and more information on these topics https://www.amazon.com/shop/jjmedicine Microphone I use to record these lessons https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00N1YPXW2/?tag=aiponsite-20&linkCode=ic5&ascsubtag=amzn1.idea.1K2H9Z4RF77DB&creativeASIN=B00N1YPXW2&ref=exp_jjmedicine_dp_vv_d Stethoscope I use in my clinical work https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01M0I4KOZ/?tag=aiponsite-20&linkCode=ic5&ascsubtag=amzn1.idea.1K2H9Z4RF77DB&creativeASIN=B01M0I4KOZ&ref=exp_jjmedicine_dp_vv_d Support future lessons and lectures ➜ https://www.patreon.com/jjmedicine Start your own website with BlueHost ➜ https://www.bluehost.com/track/jjmedicine/ Check out the best tool to help grow your YouTube channel (it’s helped me!) https://www.tubebuddy.com/jjmedicine Follow me on Twitter! ➜ https://twitter.com/JJ_Medicine Come join me on Facebook! ➜ https://www.facebook.com/JJ-Medicine-100642648161192/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Check out some of my other lessons. Medical Terminology - The Basics - Lesson 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04Wh2E9oNug Medical Terminology - Anatomical Terms: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkXiE3NEJxw Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuQS_LpNMzo Wnt/B Catenin Signaling Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGVP4J9jpgs Upper vs. Lower Motor Neuron Lesions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=itNd74V53ng Lesson on the Purine Synthesis and Salvage Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2KFVvI8Akk Gastrulation | Formation of Germ Layers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6Kkn0SECJ4 Introductory lesson on Autophagy (Macroautophagy): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmSVKzHc5yA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I am always looking for ways to improve my lessons! Please don't hesitate to leave me feedback and comments - all of your feedback is greatly appreciated! :) And please don't hesitate to send me any messages if you need any help - I will try my best to be here to help you guys :) Thanks for watching! If you found this video helpful, please like and subscribe! JJ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DISCLAIMER: This video is for educational purposes only and information in this lesson SHOULD NOT be used for medical purposes alone. Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.

• published: 26 Jun 2018
• views: 174052

13:39

The Protein Kinase C Pathway Part 1

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 13:39
• Uploaded Date: 21 Oct 2014
• views: 8536

In this video we discuss the Protein Kinase C pathway, along with a few pharmacological tools for interfering with it.

In this video we discuss the Protein Kinase C pathway, along with a few pharmacological tools for interfering with it.

https://wn.com/The_Protein_Kinase_C_Pathway_Part_1

In this video we discuss the Protein Kinase C pathway, along with a few pharmacological tools for interfering with it.

• published: 21 Oct 2014
• views: 8536

5:30

Phospholipase C - IP3, DAG Pathway || Gq protein pathway

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 5:30
• Uploaded Date: 19 Jul 2021
• views: 63279

Find notes here: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/phospholipase-c-ip3-dag-pathway-of-intracellular-signaling Explore our entire animation video library at: ht...

Find notes here: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/phospholipase-c-ip3-dag-pathway-of-intracellular-signaling Explore our entire animation video library at: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/ Video Summary: Binding of a ligand with Gq protein-coupled receptor causes release of GDP and binding of GTP. The α subunit then dissociates and activates phospholipase C. Phospholipase C degrades PIP2 into IP3 and DAG. IP3 goes to the endoplasmic reticulum and opens the Ca channel. Released Ca binds with calmodulin. Ca-CaM complex alters the activity of downstream enzymes for example MLCK. DAG activates PKC which modulates the activity of other proteins like MARCKS proteins and transcription factors. 🎞 More videos on Signaling: • G Protein Coupled Receptors: https://youtu.be/5zVysV32hVQ • Adenylyl Cyclase - cAMP Pathway: https://youtu.be/J7LGmFgW44c • Cell to Cell Communication: https://youtu.be/i3bY-JCYs4A • Receptor - Types & Functions: https://youtu.be/vjFes5I07c0 • Intracellular Signaling / Second Messenger System: https://youtu.be/aIZQ3ker0KE • Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: https://youtu.be/8-cub2zRQoA ● Follow me at: • Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NonstopNeuron • Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/NonstopNeuron/ Dr Vipul Navadiya DISCLAIMER: This video is for education purposes only. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the material, viewers should refer to the appropriate regulatory body/authorized websites, guidelines, and other suitable sources of information as deemed relevant and applicable. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical science, any person or organization involved in the preparation of this work accepts no responsibility for any errors or omissions, or results obtained from the use of information in this video.

https://wn.com/Phospholipase_C_Ip3,_Dag_Pathway_||_Gq_Protein_Pathway

Find notes here: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/phospholipase-c-ip3-dag-pathway-of-intracellular-signaling Explore our entire animation video library at: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/ Video Summary: Binding of a ligand with Gq protein-coupled receptor causes release of GDP and binding of GTP. The α subunit then dissociates and activates phospholipase C. Phospholipase C degrades PIP2 into IP3 and DAG. IP3 goes to the endoplasmic reticulum and opens the Ca channel. Released Ca binds with calmodulin. Ca-CaM complex alters the activity of downstream enzymes for example MLCK. DAG activates PKC which modulates the activity of other proteins like MARCKS proteins and transcription factors. 🎞 More videos on Signaling: • G Protein Coupled Receptors: https://youtu.be/5zVysV32hVQ • Adenylyl Cyclase - cAMP Pathway: https://youtu.be/J7LGmFgW44c • Cell to Cell Communication: https://youtu.be/i3bY-JCYs4A • Receptor - Types & Functions: https://youtu.be/vjFes5I07c0 • Intracellular Signaling / Second Messenger System: https://youtu.be/aIZQ3ker0KE • Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: https://youtu.be/8-cub2zRQoA ● Follow me at: • Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NonstopNeuron • Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/NonstopNeuron/ Dr Vipul Navadiya DISCLAIMER: This video is for education purposes only. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the material, viewers should refer to the appropriate regulatory body/authorized websites, guidelines, and other suitable sources of information as deemed relevant and applicable. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical science, any person or organization involved in the preparation of this work accepts no responsibility for any errors or omissions, or results obtained from the use of information in this video.

• published: 19 Jul 2021
• views: 63279

17:26

Signal Transduction Pathways (G-Protein, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, cGMP)

• Order: Reorder
• Duration: 17:26
• Uploaded Date: 12 May 2021
• views: 488769

​​SUPPORT/JOIN THE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaDAUF7UEcRXIFvGZu3O9Q/join My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FRE...

​​SUPPORT/JOIN THE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaDAUF7UEcRXIFvGZu3O9Q/join My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE. These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.) For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice. Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised. Opinions are entirely my own.

https://wn.com/Signal_Transduction_Pathways_(G_Protein,_Receptor_Tyrosine_Kinase,_Cgmp)

​​SUPPORT/JOIN THE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaDAUF7UEcRXIFvGZu3O9Q/join My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE. These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.) For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice. Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised. Opinions are entirely my own.

• published: 12 May 2021
• views: 488769

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3:59

Protein kinase C HD

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN...

published: 07 Feb 2022

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Protein kinase C HD

Protein kinase C HD

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• published: 07 Feb 2022
• views: 2777

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase. #onkoview, #kinase, #pip3, #pip2, #cell

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3:56

Protein kinase C

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN...

published: 22 Feb 2010

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Protein kinase C

Protein kinase C

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• published: 22 Feb 2010
• views: 73853

The second messenger PIP3 formed by PI3K can be hydrolyzed to PIP2 by the phosphatase PTEN. PIP2 can be hydrolyzed to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) by phospholipase C (PLC). IP3 dissociates from the membrane into the cell, where it opens channels of intracellular vesicles, which store calcium. As a result, the intracellular intracellular calcium level rises. Calcium binds to protein kinase C (PKC) which is now able to bind to DAG, leading to the activation of the enzyme. Active PKC has many effects, e.g. phosphorylation and activation of the proto-oncoprotein Raf kinase.

• Show More

8:32

Protein kinase c pathway

This lecture explains about the protein kinase c pathway. protein kinase c synthesis and a...

published: 06 Dec 2012

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Protein kinase c pathway

Protein kinase c pathway

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• published: 06 Dec 2012
• views: 30975

This lecture explains about the protein kinase c pathway. protein kinase c synthesis and activation is very important in many cell signaling pathways in cell. http://shomusbiology.com/ Download the study materials here- http://shomusbiology.com/bio-materials.html Remember Shomu’s Biology is created to spread the knowledge of life science and biology by sharing all this free biology lectures video and animation presented by Suman Bhattacharjee in YouTube. All these tutorials are brought to you for free. Please subscribe to our channel so that we can grow together. You can check for any of the following services from Shomu’s Biology- Buy Shomu’s Biology lecture DVD set- www.shomusbiology.com/dvd-store Shomu’s Biology assignment services – www.shomusbiology.com/assignment -help Join Online coaching for CSIR NET exam – www.shomusbiology.com/net-coaching We are social. Find us on different sites here- Our Website – www.shomusbiology.com Facebook page- https://www.facebook.com/ShomusBiology/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/shomusbiology SlideShare- www.slideshare.net/shomusbiology Google plus- https://plus.google.com/113648584982732129198 LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/suman-bhattacharjee-2a051661 Youtube- https://www.youtube.com/user/TheFunsuman Thank you for watching Protein kinase C also known as PKC (EC 2.7.11.13) is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins. PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca2+). Hence PKC enzymes play important roles in several signal transduction cascades. The PKC family consists of fifteen isozymes in humans.[1] They are divided into three subfamilies, based on their second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical.[2] Conventional (c)PKCs contain the isoforms α, βI, βII, and γ. These require Ca2+, DAG, and a phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine for activation. Novel (n)PKCs include the δ, ε, η, and θ isoforms, and require DAG, but do not require Ca2+ for activation. Thus, conventional and novel PKCs are activated through the same signal transduction pathway as phospholipase C. On the other hand, atypical (a)PKCs (including protein kinase Mζ and ι / λ isoforms) require neither Ca2+ nor diacylglycerol for activation. The term "protein kinase C" usually refers to the entire family of isoforms. Source of the article published in description is Wikipedia. I am sharing their material. © by original content developers of Wikipedia. Link- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

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1:59

Protein Kinase C activation

I think the diagram itself explains whats happening very nicely and this video is sort of ...

published: 26 Mar 2020

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Protein Kinase C activation

Protein Kinase C activation

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• published: 26 Mar 2020
• views: 4777

I think the diagram itself explains whats happening very nicely and this video is sort of redundant but if you wish to hear a spoken word here you go, the diagram explains everything well though!!

• Show More

3:27

IP3 DAG Calcium Pathway

IP3-mediated signal transduction pathways First messengers are extracellular signaling mol...

published: 13 Oct 2019

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IP3 DAG Calcium Pathway

IP3 DAG Calcium Pathway

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• published: 13 Oct 2019
• views: 182029

IP3-mediated signal transduction pathways First messengers are extracellular signaling molecules, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. In response to exposure to these first messengers, intracellular signaling molecules called second messengers are released by the cell. Two such second messengers are IP3 and DAG. Calcium is also an important second messenger. Transient increases in cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels are caused by the binding of some hormones and signal molecules, and this can send important intracellular signals, by activating calcium-binding proteins that then perform various functions. Note that cytosolic increases in calcium concentration can occur in two ways. There are reservoirs of calcium that can be opened within the cell by the second messenger IP3 – the endoplasmic reticulum and calciosomes. Otherwise, cyclic AMP can activate the opening of calcium channels in the plasma membrane so that extracellular calcium can rush in. G-protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs, are integral membrane proteins, meaning that they are locked into the cell membrane. They are locked in via 7 transmembrane α-helical segments. GPCRs recognize ligands through an extracellular recognition site. They also have an intracellular recognition site for a G protein. When a ligand binds the extracellular recognition site of a GPCR, this induces a conformational change, activating the G-Protein. There are different kinds of G proteins, sometimes also called membrane-associated heterotrimeric G proteins. Gs activates adenylyl cyclase. Gi inhibits adenylyl cyclase. Gq has three subunits – α, β, and γ. A conformational change in the GPCR activates the G protein. When this happens, the GDP on the Gα subunit gets replaced by GTP. This drives dissociation of the Gα subunit from the Gβγ complex. The now free Gα subunit can activate Phospholipase C-β. Phosphatidylinositol-4-P (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) are produced through successive phorphorylations of phosphatidylinositol (PI). Once it is activated by a G-protein, Phospholipase C-β can break down PIP2. PIP2 is hydrolyzed by phospholipase-C to produce inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), both of which act as second messengers. IP3 is hydrophilic, and diffuses into the cell, while DAG is lipophilic, and hence remains in the cell membrane. IP3 binds to calcium channel on endoplasmic reticulum (or the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the case of muscle cells) and allows release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. DAG, with the help of the calcium released from the endoplasmic reticulum, activates the calcium-dependent Protein Kinase C. Once activated, protein kinase C adds phosphates to target proteins and causes cellular responses.

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1:53

Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors

Dr. Robert Messing is a physician-scientist, who is working to develop a non-opioid pain m...

published: 30 Sep 2019

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Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors

Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors

• Report rights infringement
• published: 30 Sep 2019
• views: 1054

Dr. Robert Messing is a physician-scientist, who is working to develop a non-opioid pain medication. He received a 2018 Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award to help support his drug development. Learn more about the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award at: http://www.harringtondiscovery.org/grant Dr. Messing works at University of Texas at Austin. The project selected for the Harrington Scholar-Innovator Award is “Protein Kinase C Epsilon Inhibitors”.

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5:42

Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway | Second Messenger System

Lesson on the Inositol Trisphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. IP3, calcium and...

published: 26 Jun 2018

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Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway | Second Messenger System

Inositol Triphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway | Second Messenger System

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• published: 26 Jun 2018
• views: 174052

Lesson on the Inositol Trisphosphate (IP3) and Calcium Signaling Pathway. IP3, calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) are important second messengers that are unregulated upon activation of a G protein-coupled receptor. Inositol triphosphate and DAG are cleavage products of phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), which is cleaved by phospholipase C. Increasing levels of IP3 lead to augmented cytosolic calcium levels that further lead to activation of downstream cellular targets. Hey everyone. In this lesson you will be introduced to the IP3 and calcium signaling pathway. We will also discuss the purpose of the pathway, enzymes involved in the pathway, and how the pathway is regulated. I hope you find this video helpful. If you do, please like and subscribe for more videos like this one. :) JJ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For books and more information on these topics https://www.amazon.com/shop/jjmedicine Microphone I use to record these lessons https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00N1YPXW2/?tag=aiponsite-20&linkCode=ic5&ascsubtag=amzn1.idea.1K2H9Z4RF77DB&creativeASIN=B00N1YPXW2&ref=exp_jjmedicine_dp_vv_d Stethoscope I use in my clinical work https://www.amazon.com/dp/B01M0I4KOZ/?tag=aiponsite-20&linkCode=ic5&ascsubtag=amzn1.idea.1K2H9Z4RF77DB&creativeASIN=B01M0I4KOZ&ref=exp_jjmedicine_dp_vv_d Support future lessons and lectures ➜ https://www.patreon.com/jjmedicine Start your own website with BlueHost ➜ https://www.bluehost.com/track/jjmedicine/ Check out the best tool to help grow your YouTube channel (it’s helped me!) https://www.tubebuddy.com/jjmedicine Follow me on Twitter! ➜ https://twitter.com/JJ_Medicine Come join me on Facebook! ➜ https://www.facebook.com/JJ-Medicine-100642648161192/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Check out some of my other lessons. Medical Terminology - The Basics - Lesson 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04Wh2E9oNug Medical Terminology - Anatomical Terms: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkXiE3NEJxw Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuQS_LpNMzo Wnt/B Catenin Signaling Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGVP4J9jpgs Upper vs. Lower Motor Neuron Lesions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=itNd74V53ng Lesson on the Purine Synthesis and Salvage Pathway: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2KFVvI8Akk Gastrulation | Formation of Germ Layers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d6Kkn0SECJ4 Introductory lesson on Autophagy (Macroautophagy): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmSVKzHc5yA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I am always looking for ways to improve my lessons! Please don't hesitate to leave me feedback and comments - all of your feedback is greatly appreciated! :) And please don't hesitate to send me any messages if you need any help - I will try my best to be here to help you guys :) Thanks for watching! If you found this video helpful, please like and subscribe! JJ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DISCLAIMER: This video is for educational purposes only and information in this lesson SHOULD NOT be used for medical purposes alone. Although I try my best to present accurate information, there may be mistakes in this video. If you do see any mistakes with information in this lesson, please comment and let me know.

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13:39

The Protein Kinase C Pathway Part 1

In this video we discuss the Protein Kinase C pathway, along with a few pharmacological to...

published: 21 Oct 2014

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The Protein Kinase C Pathway Part 1

The Protein Kinase C Pathway Part 1

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• published: 21 Oct 2014
• views: 8536

In this video we discuss the Protein Kinase C pathway, along with a few pharmacological tools for interfering with it.

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5:30

Phospholipase C - IP3, DAG Pathway || Gq protein pathway

Find notes here: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/phospholipase-c-ip3-dag-pathway-of-int...

published: 19 Jul 2021

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Phospholipase C - IP3, DAG Pathway || Gq protein pathway

Phospholipase C - IP3, DAG Pathway || Gq protein pathway

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• published: 19 Jul 2021
• views: 63279

Find notes here: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/phospholipase-c-ip3-dag-pathway-of-intracellular-signaling Explore our entire animation video library at: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/ Video Summary: Binding of a ligand with Gq protein-coupled receptor causes release of GDP and binding of GTP. The α subunit then dissociates and activates phospholipase C. Phospholipase C degrades PIP2 into IP3 and DAG. IP3 goes to the endoplasmic reticulum and opens the Ca channel. Released Ca binds with calmodulin. Ca-CaM complex alters the activity of downstream enzymes for example MLCK. DAG activates PKC which modulates the activity of other proteins like MARCKS proteins and transcription factors. 🎞 More videos on Signaling: • G Protein Coupled Receptors: https://youtu.be/5zVysV32hVQ • Adenylyl Cyclase - cAMP Pathway: https://youtu.be/J7LGmFgW44c • Cell to Cell Communication: https://youtu.be/i3bY-JCYs4A • Receptor - Types & Functions: https://youtu.be/vjFes5I07c0 • Intracellular Signaling / Second Messenger System: https://youtu.be/aIZQ3ker0KE • Receptor Tyrosine Kinase: https://youtu.be/8-cub2zRQoA ● Follow me at: • Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/NonstopNeuron • Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/NonstopNeuron/ Dr Vipul Navadiya DISCLAIMER: This video is for education purposes only. Although every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the material, viewers should refer to the appropriate regulatory body/authorized websites, guidelines, and other suitable sources of information as deemed relevant and applicable. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical science, any person or organization involved in the preparation of this work accepts no responsibility for any errors or omissions, or results obtained from the use of information in this video.

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17:26

Signal Transduction Pathways (G-Protein, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, cGMP)

​​SUPPORT/JOIN THE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaDAUF7UEcRXIFvGZu3O9Q/join ...

published: 12 May 2021

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Signal Transduction Pathways (G-Protein, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, cGMP)

Signal Transduction Pathways (G-Protein, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, cGMP)

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• published: 12 May 2021
• views: 488769

​​SUPPORT/JOIN THE CHANNEL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZaDAUF7UEcRXIFvGZu3O9Q/join My goal is to reduce educational disparities by making education FREE. These videos help you score extra points on medical school exams (USMLE, COMLEX, etc.) For educational purposes only; NOT medical or other advice. Some videos contain mild profanity and hyperbole solely used to assist with memorization. Viewer discretion advised. Opinions are entirely my own.

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Protein kinase C

Protein kinase C also known as PKC (EC 2.7.11.13) is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins. PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca²⁺). Hence PKC enzymes play important roles in several signal transduction cascades.

The PKC family consists of fifteen isozymes in humans. They are divided into three subfamilies, based on their second messenger requirements: conventional (or classical), novel, and atypical. Conventional (c)PKCs contain the isoforms α, β_I, β_II, and γ. These require Ca²⁺, DAG, and a phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine for activation. Novel (n)PKCs include the δ, ε, η, and θ isoforms, and require DAG, but do not require Ca²⁺ for activation. Thus, conventional and novel PKCs are activated through the same signal transduction pathway as phospholipase C. On the other hand, atypical (a)PKCs (including protein kinase Mζ and ι / λ isoforms) require neither Ca²⁺ nor diacylglycerol for activation. The term "protein kinase C" usually refers to the entire family of isoforms.

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Protein_kinase_C

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