A country's foreign policy, also called foreign relations policy, consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals within its international relations milieu. The approaches are strategically employed to interact with other countries. The study of such strategies is called foreign policy analysis. In recent times, due to the deepening level of globalization and transnational activities, the states will also have to interact with non-state actors. The aforementioned interaction is evaluated and monitored in attempts to maximize benefits of multilateral international cooperation. Since the national interests are paramount, foreign policies are designed by the government through high-level decision making processes. National interests accomplishment can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations, or through exploitation. Usually, creating foreign policy is the job of the head of government and the foreign minister (or equivalent). In some countries the legislature also has considerable effects. Foreign policies of countries have varying rates of change and scopes of intent, which can be affected by factors that change the perceived national interests or even affect the stability of the country itself. The foreign policy of one country can have profund and lasting impact on many other countries and on the course of international relations as a whole, such as the Monroe Doctrine conflicting with the mercantilist policies of 19th century European countries and the goals of independence of newly formed Central American and South American countries.
Foreign affairs, or foreign policy, consists of strategies chosen by a state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals in international relations.
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 2.009, ranking it 6th out of 85 journals in the category "International Relations".
History
The Council on Foreign Relations was originally composed of 75 members of mainly academic and professional backgrounds. In its first year, the Council sought discourse mainly in meetings at its headquarters in New York City. However, the members of the Council wished to seek a wider audience, and, as a result, began publishing Foreign Affairs in September 1922.
The Council named Professor Archibald Cary Coolidge of Harvard University as the journal's first editor. As Coolidge was unwilling to move from Boston to New York, Hamilton Fish Armstrong a Princeton alumnus and a European correspondent of the New York Evening Post was appointed as a co-editor and was sent to work in New York to handle the mechanical work of publishing the journal. Armstrong chose the light blue color to be the cover of the journal and had his two sisters, Margeret and Helen, design the logo.
The Permanent Secretary, in most departments officially titled the Permanent Under-secretary of State or PUS (although the full title is rarely used), is the most senior civil servant of a British Governmentministry, charged with running the department on a day-to-day basis.
Permanent Secretaries (known by other names in some departments; see below) are the non-political civil service heads (and "accounting officers") or chief executives of government departments, who generally hold their position for a number of years (thus "permanent") at a ministry as distinct from the changing political Secretaries of State to whom they report and provide advice.
History
When Lord Grey took office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in 1830, Sir John Barrow was especially requested to continue serving as Secretary in his department (the Admiralty), starting the principle that senior civil servants stay in office on change of government and serve in a non-partisan manner. It was during Barrow's occupancy of the post that it was renamed “Permanent Secretary”.
A lecture by Sir Simon McDonald KCMG KCVO, Permanent Under Secretary and Head of the Diplomatic Service, Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
published: 11 May 2018
Remarks with Spanish Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
June 17, 2015: Deputy Secretary Blinken participates in a ceremony to celebrate the signing of the U.S.-Spain Amendment to the Agreement on Defense Cooperation with Spanish Deputy Foreign Minister Ignacio Ybáñez, at the Department of State. Transcript is available at http://www.state.gov/s/d/2015/243934.htm.
published: 17 Jun 2015
How should permanent secretaries be appointed?
A panel discussion with:
Sir David Normington, First Civil Service Commissioner and Commissioner for Public Appointments
Rt Hon Caroline Spelman MP, former Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Ian Davis, Non-Executive Director, Cabinet Office & Senior Partner Emeritus, McKinsey
Sir Ian Magee, Senior Fellow, Institute for Government (chair)
published: 29 Jan 2013
Secretary Kerry Meets With Thai Foreign Minister Tovichakchaikul
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry meets with Thai Foreign Affairs Minister Dr. Surapong Tovichakchaikul at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on May 6, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/05/208986.htm.
published: 06 May 2013
Michael Jay
Lord Michael Jay - Chair of Merlin, formerly advisor to Tony Blair and permanent under secretary of state for foreign affairs, talks about engaging politicians and the government in climate change.
published: 21 Oct 2011
Secretary Clinton Delivers Remarks With Japanese Foreign Minister Kishida
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton delivers remarks with Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. on January 18, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2013/01/203050.htm.
published: 18 Jan 2013
Joint Press Availability with Kenyan Foreign Minister Monica Juma
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Kenyan Foreign Minister Monica Juma hold a joint press conference in Nairobi, Kenya, on March 9, 2018. A transcript is available at https://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2018/03/279156.htm.
published: 09 Mar 2018
Secretary Pompeo meets with Peruvian Foreign Minister Gustavo Meza-Cuadra
Secretary of State Michael R. Pompeo camera spray with Peruvian Foreign Minister Gustavo Meza-Cuadra, at the Department of State, on October 16, 2019.
published: 16 Oct 2019
Welcome to the Foreign Office
Permanent Under-Secretary Simon McDonald invites you to learn more about our iconic headquarters and the work we do around the world.
Take a virtual tour of our office here: https://blogs.fco.gov.uk/fco-virtual-tour/
June 17, 2015: Deputy Secretary Blinken participates in a ceremony to celebrate the signing of the U.S.-Spain Amendment to the Agreement on Defense Cooperation...
June 17, 2015: Deputy Secretary Blinken participates in a ceremony to celebrate the signing of the U.S.-Spain Amendment to the Agreement on Defense Cooperation with Spanish Deputy Foreign Minister Ignacio Ybáñez, at the Department of State. Transcript is available at http://www.state.gov/s/d/2015/243934.htm.
June 17, 2015: Deputy Secretary Blinken participates in a ceremony to celebrate the signing of the U.S.-Spain Amendment to the Agreement on Defense Cooperation with Spanish Deputy Foreign Minister Ignacio Ybáñez, at the Department of State. Transcript is available at http://www.state.gov/s/d/2015/243934.htm.
A panel discussion with:
Sir David Normington, First Civil Service Commissioner and Commissioner for Public Appointments
Rt Hon Caroline Spelman MP, former Secr...
A panel discussion with:
Sir David Normington, First Civil Service Commissioner and Commissioner for Public Appointments
Rt Hon Caroline Spelman MP, former Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Ian Davis, Non-Executive Director, Cabinet Office & Senior Partner Emeritus, McKinsey
Sir Ian Magee, Senior Fellow, Institute for Government (chair)
A panel discussion with:
Sir David Normington, First Civil Service Commissioner and Commissioner for Public Appointments
Rt Hon Caroline Spelman MP, former Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Ian Davis, Non-Executive Director, Cabinet Office & Senior Partner Emeritus, McKinsey
Sir Ian Magee, Senior Fellow, Institute for Government (chair)
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry meets with Thai Foreign Affairs Minister Dr. Surapong Tovichakchaikul at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on...
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry meets with Thai Foreign Affairs Minister Dr. Surapong Tovichakchaikul at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on May 6, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/05/208986.htm.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry meets with Thai Foreign Affairs Minister Dr. Surapong Tovichakchaikul at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on May 6, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/05/208986.htm.
Lord Michael Jay - Chair of Merlin, formerly advisor to Tony Blair and permanent under secretary of state for foreign affairs, talks about engaging politicians ...
Lord Michael Jay - Chair of Merlin, formerly advisor to Tony Blair and permanent under secretary of state for foreign affairs, talks about engaging politicians and the government in climate change.
Lord Michael Jay - Chair of Merlin, formerly advisor to Tony Blair and permanent under secretary of state for foreign affairs, talks about engaging politicians and the government in climate change.
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton delivers remarks with Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C....
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton delivers remarks with Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. on January 18, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2013/01/203050.htm.
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton delivers remarks with Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. on January 18, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2013/01/203050.htm.
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Kenyan Foreign Minister Monica Juma hold a joint press conference in Nairobi, Kenya, on March 9, 2018. A transcript is ava...
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Kenyan Foreign Minister Monica Juma hold a joint press conference in Nairobi, Kenya, on March 9, 2018. A transcript is available at https://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2018/03/279156.htm.
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Kenyan Foreign Minister Monica Juma hold a joint press conference in Nairobi, Kenya, on March 9, 2018. A transcript is available at https://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2018/03/279156.htm.
Permanent Under-Secretary Simon McDonald invites you to learn more about our iconic headquarters and the work we do around the world.
Take a virtual tour of o...
Permanent Under-Secretary Simon McDonald invites you to learn more about our iconic headquarters and the work we do around the world.
Take a virtual tour of our office here: https://blogs.fco.gov.uk/fco-virtual-tour/
Permanent Under-Secretary Simon McDonald invites you to learn more about our iconic headquarters and the work we do around the world.
Take a virtual tour of our office here: https://blogs.fco.gov.uk/fco-virtual-tour/
June 17, 2015: Deputy Secretary Blinken participates in a ceremony to celebrate the signing of the U.S.-Spain Amendment to the Agreement on Defense Cooperation with Spanish Deputy Foreign Minister Ignacio Ybáñez, at the Department of State. Transcript is available at http://www.state.gov/s/d/2015/243934.htm.
A panel discussion with:
Sir David Normington, First Civil Service Commissioner and Commissioner for Public Appointments
Rt Hon Caroline Spelman MP, former Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Ian Davis, Non-Executive Director, Cabinet Office & Senior Partner Emeritus, McKinsey
Sir Ian Magee, Senior Fellow, Institute for Government (chair)
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry meets with Thai Foreign Affairs Minister Dr. Surapong Tovichakchaikul at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on May 6, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2013/05/208986.htm.
Lord Michael Jay - Chair of Merlin, formerly advisor to Tony Blair and permanent under secretary of state for foreign affairs, talks about engaging politicians and the government in climate change.
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton delivers remarks with Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. on January 18, 2013. A text transcript can be found at http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2013/01/203050.htm.
Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Kenyan Foreign Minister Monica Juma hold a joint press conference in Nairobi, Kenya, on March 9, 2018. A transcript is available at https://www.state.gov/secretary/remarks/2018/03/279156.htm.
Permanent Under-Secretary Simon McDonald invites you to learn more about our iconic headquarters and the work we do around the world.
Take a virtual tour of our office here: https://blogs.fco.gov.uk/fco-virtual-tour/
A country's foreign policy, also called foreign relations policy, consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals within its international relations milieu. The approaches are strategically employed to interact with other countries. The study of such strategies is called foreign policy analysis. In recent times, due to the deepening level of globalization and transnational activities, the states will also have to interact with non-state actors. The aforementioned interaction is evaluated and monitored in attempts to maximize benefits of multilateral international cooperation. Since the national interests are paramount, foreign policies are designed by the government through high-level decision making processes. National interests accomplishment can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations, or through exploitation. Usually, creating foreign policy is the job of the head of government and the foreign minister (or equivalent). In some countries the legislature also has considerable effects. Foreign policies of countries have varying rates of change and scopes of intent, which can be affected by factors that change the perceived national interests or even affect the stability of the country itself. The foreign policy of one country can have profund and lasting impact on many other countries and on the course of international relations as a whole, such as the Monroe Doctrine conflicting with the mercantilist policies of 19th century European countries and the goals of independence of newly formed Central American and South American countries.