å½ã®åµåãå ¨ã¦è¿æ¸ããã°ä½ãèµ·ããã®ã
ãç¾ä»£æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãæ¿åºåµåã1000å åè¿ãç©ã¿ä¸ãã£ã¦ãã¾ãããéç°æ¿æ¨©ã®æ¶è²»ç¨å¢ç¨ããã®æ¿åºåµåç©ã¿ä¸ããã¨å¿è«ç¡ç¸ã§ã¯ããã¾ãããæ¿åºã¨ãã¦ã¯ãæ¿åºåµåãå½æ°ãçå®ã«è¿æ¸ãã¦ããã°ãå°æ¥ä¸å®ãæ¸å°ãã¦ãå½æ°ã¯ãéãã©ãã©ã使ãããã«ãªããæ¯æ°ãåä¸ããã¨ããã話ã§åãã¦ããããã§ãã
ã§ã¯ããä»®ã«ã極è«ã§ã¯ããã¾ãããæ¿åºåµåãå ¨ã¦å¢ç¨ã§è¿æ¸ããã¨ãããä½ãèµ·ããã®ã§ããããããã
ãã®çãããã¡ãã§ããã
1941å¹´9æ30æ¥ããå½æã®FRBè°é·ãããªãã¼ã»Sã»ã¨ãã¯ã«ãºã¯ä¸é¢éè¡é貨å§å¡ä¼ã®å
¬è´ä¼ã§ã©ã¤ãã»ããããã³è°å¡ãã20åãã«åã®å½åµè³¼å
¥è³éã®åºå¦ã«ã¤ãã¦å°ãããã¾ããã*1
ã¨ãã¯ã«ãºFRBè°é·(1941å¹´å½æ)
Mr. Patman: "How did you get the money to buy those $2 billion of Government securities?" ï¼20åãã«ã®å½åµè³¼å ¥è³éã¯ã©ããã£ã¦å ¥æãã¾ãããï¼ï¼
Mr. Eccles: "We created it." ï¼æã ãåµãã¾ãããï¼
Mr. Patman: "Out of what?" ï¼ã©ã£ããã§ãã£ã¦ï¼ï¼
Mr. Eccles: "Out of the right to issue money, credit." ï¼ä¿¡ç¨è²¨å¹£ãåµé ãã権å©ã«ãã£ã¦ã§ããï¼
Mr. Patman: "And there is nothing behind it, except the Government's credit?" ï¼ã¤ã¾ããæ¿åºã®ä¿¡ç¨ä»¥å¤ã«ã¯ä½ããªããã¨ãããã¨ã§ãããï¼
Mr. Eccles: "We have the Government bonds." ï¼æã ã«ã¯æ¿åºå½åµãããã¾ããï¼
Mr. Patman: "That's right, the Government's credit." ï¼ãããæ¿åºã®ä¿¡ç¨ããï¼Mr. Patman: "You have made the statement that people should get out of debt instead of spending their money. You recall the statement, I presume?"ï¼ããªãã¯ã人ã ã¯ãéã使ãã®ã¯æ¢ãã¦åéãæ¸ããã¹ãã¨ãã£ããã¨ãè¦ãã¦ã¾ãããï¼ï¼
Mr. Eccles:ã"That was in connection with installment credit."ï¼ããã¯æ¶è²»è å²è³¦æãã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ããã®ã§ããï¼
Mr. Patman: "Do you believe that people should pay their debts generally when they can?"ï¼äººã ã¯åµåã¯æ¯æãã¹ããã¨ã¯èãã¦ãã¾ããï¼ï¼
Mr. Eccles: "I think it depends a good deal upon the individual; but of course, if there were no debt in our money system..."ï¼ããã¯ç¸æã«ããããããã¨ãããæã ã®é貨ã·ã¹ãã ã«åµåããªããã°â¦ï¼
Mr. Patman: "That is the point I wanted to ask you about."ï¼ããã§ãããç§ããå°ããããã£ãã®ã¯ãï¼
Mr. Eccles: "There wouldnât be any money."ï¼ãéã¯åå¨ããªããªãã¾ããï¼
Mr. Patman: "Suppose everybody paid their debts, would we have any money to do business on?"ï¼ãããå ¨ã¦ã®äººã ãåµåãæã£ã¦ãã¾ãã°ãçµæ¸æ´»åãè¡ãããã®ãéã¯å ¨ããªããªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã¨ï¼ï¼
Mr. Eccles: "That is correct."ï¼ãã®éãã§ããï¼Mr. Patman: "In other words, our system is based entirely on debt."(è¨ãæããã°ãæã ã®é貨ã·ã¹ãã ã¯å ¨ã¦åµåã«ãããã®ãã¨ãããã¨ã§ããã)
ä¸å¤®éè¡ããæ¿åºåµåã¨å¼ãæãã«ãéãçºè¡ãããã¨ãããã¨ã¯ãã®åµåãå ¨ã¦è¿æ¸ãããã°ãå¸ä¸ã«æµéãããéã¯ãã¯ããªããã¨ãããã¨ã§ãããæ®æ®µã¯å¸ä¸éè¡ã(ä¸å¤®éè¡ä»¥ä¸ã«ï¼ä¿¡ç¨åµé ããã¾ãããæ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãã®åºç¤ã¯å½ã®åµåãåºç¤ã¨ããç´å¹£ã¨æ¥éå½åº§é éã§ãããå¾ã£ã¦ããããå ¨ã¦ã®åµåãè¿æ¸ãããå ´åã«ã¯ãå¸ä¸éè¡ã®ä¿¡ç¨åµé æ©è½ãå ¨ã¦æ¶å¤±ããå¸å ´ã«æµéãããéã¯1åããªããªãã¨ãããã¨ãæå³ãã¾ãã
ãªããéæ¬ä½å¶æ代ã§ã¯ãã®ãããªãæªãããä»çµã¿ã§ã¯ãªãã£ãããã¨ããã°ãä¾ãã°éæ¬ä½å¶æ代ã®æ¥éã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã·ã¼ããè¦ãã°ãã®çããåããã¾ãã
æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯1897å¹´ãã1914å¹´ã¾ã§ã®éã¨ã1930å¹´ï¼æå5å¹´ï¼ã«æ¿±å£é幸å
é£ã§1å¹´ã ãéæ¬ä½å¶ãå®æ½ããã¦ãã¾ãã
ã«ãããããããæ¥éã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã·ã¼ãã§ã¯éæ¬ä½ã§ãããããªãããããéå°éã¯å¸¸ã«ç´å¹£éãããéå°ã«ããè³ç£è¨ä¸ããã¦ãã¾ããã§ããã
å³ï¼ãæ¥æ¬éè¡ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã·ã¼ãæ¨ç§»ã*2
å¿è«ãã·ã§ã¤ããã¤ã«ã¨ãã¾ãã¦ããéç°æ¿æ¨©ãæ¥æ¬å½åµãå
¨ã¦åéã«åãã¦ãããªã©ã¨ãããã¨ã¯æ¯ã®å
ã»ã©ãæãã¾ããããå¢ç¨ã¨ããæ¹åæ§ã¨ãã¦ã¯æ°éã®ä¿¡ç¨ã縮ããçµæ¸æ´»åãæ¸å¼±ããããã¨ã«ã»ããªãã¾ããã
æ°ä¸»å
ã ãã§ãªããèªæ°ã»å
¬æå
ãªã©ããå¢ç¨ã«ããæ¯æ°å復ãªã©ã¨ããå¦æ³ã¯æ¨ã¦ãå½ã®åµåã®ä½ãåé¡ã§ãä½ã¯åé¡ã§ã¯ãªãã®ããã¨ããåç¹ã«æ»ã£ã¦èããæ¹ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããã¨æãã¾ãã
ã7.21追è¨ã
ãã®ã¨ã³ããªã¼ãæ¸ãã¦ã次ã®ãããªçåã®å£°ãããã ãã¾ããã
ï¼ï¼ç¾å¨ã®ãªã¼ã¹ãã©ãªã¢ã1960年以åã®æ¦å¾æ¥æ¬ã¯å½åµãçºè¡ãã¦ããªãã®ã«ã貨幣ãçºè¡ã§ãã¦ããã®ã¯ãªãï¼
ï¼ï¼æ¿åºã®åµåãå ¨ã¦è¿æ¸ããã°ä¸å¤®éè¡ã®ããã¼åµåºãæ¢ã¾ãã ãã§ãå¸ä¸éè¡ããã®ä¿¡ç¨åµé ã¯ç¶ãã®ã§ã¯ï¼
ãããã®çåã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯æ¬¡ã®ã国の債務の何が問題かãã§èãã¦ã¿ããã¨æãã¾ãã
*1:The Social ãCredit proposals explained in 10 lessons ãLesson 4: The solution: debt-free money issued by society
*2:åºå ¸ï¼é®ç®é 人ã財æ¿è¦å¾ã¨ä¸å¤®éè¡ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã·ã¼ããæ¥éã»IMES DISCUSSION PAPER No. 2001-J-15