Inhibitorni faktor leukemije
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Inhibitorni faktor leukemije, ili LIF, je citokin iz interleukin 6 klase. Ovaj protein utiče na ćelijski rast i razvoj.
LIF citokin je dobio ime po njegovoj sposobnosti da indukuje terminalnu diferencijaciju ćelija mijeloidne leukemije. Druge osobine ovog citokina su: promocija rasta i ćelijske diferencijacije različitih tipova ciljnih ćelija, uticaj na koštani metabolizam, kaheksiju, neuronski razvoj, embriogenezu i inflamacija. Za p53 regulisani LIF je bilo pokazano da omogućava implantaciju u mišjem modelu.[1][2]
LIF se vezuje za specifični LIF receptor (LIFR-α) koji formira heterodimer sa specifičnom podjedinicom zajedničkom za sve članove te familije receptora, GP130 podjedinicom signalne transdukcije. Ovo dovodi do aktivacije JAK/STAT (Janus kinaza/signal transducer i aktivator transkripcije) i MAPK (mitogenom aktivirana proteinska kinaza) kaskade.
LIF je normalno izražen u trofektodermu embriona u razvoju. Njegov receptor LIFR je izražen širom unutrašnje ćelijske mase. Pošto su embrionske stem ćelije izvedene iz unutrašnje ćelijske mase u stupnju blastocista, njihovo uklanjanje iz unutrašnje ćelijske mase takođe uklanja njihov LIF izvor.
LIF odstranjivanje potiskuje stem ćelije ka diferencijaciji, ali one zadržavaju svoj proliferativni potencijal ili pluripotentnost. Iz tog razloga LIF se koristi u mišjim embrionskim stem ćelijskim kulturama. On je neophodan za održavanje stem ćelija u nediferenciranom stanju. Moguće je genetskim manipulacijom embrionskih stem ćelija omogućiti LIF nezavisni razvoj, posebno prekomernim izražavanjem gena Nanog.
LIF nije neophodan za kulture ljudskih embrionskih stem ćelija.[3] [4]
- ↑ Wenwei Hu, Zhaohui Feng, Angelika K. Teresky1, Arnold J. Levine (November 29, 2007). „p53 regulates maternal reproduction through LIF”. Nature 450: 721-724.
- ↑ Mire-Sluis, Anthony R.; Thorpe, Robin, ur. (1998). Cytokines (Handbook of Immunopharmacology). Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-498340-5.
- ↑ Kawahara Y, Manabe T, Matsumoto M, Kajiume T, Matsumoto M, Yuge L (2009). „LIF-free embryonic stem cell culture in simulated microgravity”. PLoS ONE 4 (7): e6343. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0006343. PMC 2710515. PMID 19626124.
- ↑ „CGS : PTO Finds Stem Cell Patent Anticipated, Obvious in Light of 'Significant Guideposts'”.
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