Seamus Heaney

Seamus Heaney
Seamus Heaney
	Seamus Heaney (2009)
Lahir	13 April 1939; Castledawson, Northern Ireland
Meninggal dunia	30 Ogos 2013 (umur 74); Blackrock, Dublin
Pekerjaan	Poet, playwright, translator
Warganegara	Irish
Alma mater	Queen's University Belfast
Tempoh	1966–2013
Karya terkenal	Death of a Naturalist (1966); North (1975); Field Work (1979); The Spirit Level (1996); Beowulf (translation, 1999); District and Circle (2006); Human Chain (2011);
Anugerah	Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, 1968; E. M. Forster Award, 1975; Nobel Prize in Literature, 1995; Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et Lettres, 1996; Saoi of Aosdána, 1998; Golden Wreath of Poetry, 2001; T. S. Eliot Prize, 2006; The Griffin Trust for Excellence in Poetry Lifetime Recognition Award, 2012;
Pasangan	Marie Devlin (1965–2013)
Anak	Michael; Christopher; Catherine Ann;

Seamus Justin Heaney [syéi-mĕs hi-ni] (13 April 1939 - 30 Ogos 2013) ialah seorang penyair, jurubahasa dan penerjemah dari Ireland. Beliau menerima Hadiah Nobel dalam Kesusasteraan 1995.^[1]^[2] Antara karya-karyanya yang terkenal ialah Death of a Naturalist (1966), jumlah utama yang diterbitkan pertama.

Heaney diiktiraf sebagai penyumbang utama puisi semasa hidupnya. Penyair Amerika Robert Lowell menggambarkannya sebagai "penyair Ireland yang paling penting sejak [munculnya] Yeats", dan banyak lagi, termasuk akademik John Sutherland, telah mengatakan bahawa dia adalah "penyair terbesar zaman kita".^[3]^[4] Robert Pinsky telah menyatakan bahawa "dengan hadiah mata dan telinga yang indahnya, Heaney mempunyai karunia pemberi cerita."^[5] Setelah kematiannya pada tahun 2013, The Independent menggambarkannya sebagai "mungkin penyair terkenal di dunia".^[6]

Biografi

Awal hidup

Seamus lahir pada 13 April 1939 di sebuah rumah ladang milik keluarganya di Mossbawn^[7] yang terletak antara Castledawson dan Toomebridge;. Beliau anak sulung daripada sembilan adik-beradik. Ayahnya Patrick Heaney (meninggal. Oktober 1986)^[8] merupakan seorang petani dan penternak lembu.^[9] Pada tahun 1953, keluarganya berpindah ke Bellaghy yang terletak beberapa batu jauh dari Mossbawn.

Kerjaya perguruan

Pada tahun 1963 beliau mengajar di St. Joseph's College, Belfast. Beliau menyertai suatu kelompok penyair atas cadangan Philip Hobsbaum (1932- ) di mana beliau mula berjinak menulis karya dengan nama samaran "Incertus". ia menerbitkan karya-karyanya di majalah universiti itu. Pada tahun 1966, beliau menulis karya pertamanya, Death of a Naturalist; karya tersebut memenangi banyak anugerah termasuk Anugerah E. C. Gregory Award, Anugerah de Cholmondeley (1976), Anugerah Somerset Maugham Award (1968) serta Hadiah Peringatan Geoffrey Faber (1968).^[10]

Heaney dilantik sebagai pensyarah bidang Kesusasteraan Inggeris Moden di Queen's University Belfast pada tahun sama.

Karya terpilih

Puisi

1966: Death of a Naturalist, Faber & Faber
1969: Door into the Dark, Faber & Faber
1972: Wintering Out, Faber & Faber
1975: North, Faber & Faber
1979: Field Work, Faber & Faber
1984: Station Island, Faber & Faber
1987: The Haw Lantern, Faber & Faber
1991: Seeing Things, Faber & Faber
1996: The Spirit Level, Faber & Faber
2001: Electric Light, Faber & Faber
2006: District and Circle, Faber & Faber
2010: Human Chain, Faber & Faber

Rujukan

^ ^a ^b ^c "Obituary: Heaney 'the most important Irish poet since Yeats'". Irish Times. 30 Ogos 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c Seamus Heaney obituary, The Guardian, 30 Ogos 2013.
^ "Faces of the week". BBC News. BBC. 19 January 2007. Dicapai pada 9 April 2010.
^ Sutherland, John (19 March 2009). "Seamus Heaney deserves a lot more than £40,000". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Dicapai pada 19 April 2010.
^ Pinsky, Robert. The Eco Press, Hopewell ISBN 088001217X
^ Craig, Patricia (30 August 2013). "Seamus Heaney obituary: Nobel Prize-winning Irish Poet". The Independent. Independent Print Limited. Dicapai pada 30 August 2013.
^ "Biography of Irish Writer Seamus Heaney". www.seamusheaney.org. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 24 February 2010. Dicapai pada 20 February 2010. Heaney was born on 13th April 1939, the eldest of nine children at the family farm called Mossbawn in the Townland of Tamniarn in Newbridge near Castledawson, Northern Ireland, ... Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan) Archived at Wayback Engine.
^ Parker, Michael (1993). Seamus Heaney: The Making of the Poet. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. m/s. 221. ISBN 0-87745-398-5. The deaths of his mother in the autumn of 1984 and of his father in October 1986 left a colossal space, one which he has struggled to fill through poetry.
^ "Biography". Nobelprize. Dicapai pada 23 May 2010.
^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama assets.cambridge.org

Pautan luar

Heaney's Nobel acceptance speech
Karya oleh atau mengenai Seamus Heaney di perpustakaan (katalog WorldCat)
Seamus Heaney di Pangkalan Data Filem Internet (IMDb)
Seamus Heaney at the Poetry Foundation
Seamus Heaney at the Poetry Archive
Seamus Heaney at the Academy for American Poets
Portraits of Heaney at the National Portrait Gallery, London
BBC Your Paintings in partnership PCF. Painting by Peter Edwards
Henri Cole (Fall 1997). "Seamus Heaney, The Art of Poetry No. 75". The Paris Review.
Lannan Foundation reading and conversation with Dennis O'Driscoll, 1 October 2003. (Audio / video – 40 mins). Prose transcript.
1998 Whiting Writers' Award Keynote Speech
Seamus Heaney: Man of Words and Grace November–December 2013.
"History and the homeland" video from The New Yorker. 15 October 2008. Paul Muldoon, interviews Heaney. (1 hr).
Archival material at

[times-obit-1] "Obituary: Heaney 'the most important Irish poet since Yeats'". Irish Times. 30 Ogos 2013.

[guardian-obit-2] Seamus Heaney obituary, The Guardian, 30 Ogos 2013.

[bbc_faces_of_the_week-3] "Faces of the week". BBC News. BBC. 19 January 2007. Dicapai pada 9 April 2010.

[sutherland_david_cohen_prize-4] Sutherland, John (19 March 2009). "Seamus Heaney deserves a lot more than £40,000". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Dicapai pada 19 April 2010.

[5] Pinsky, Robert. The Eco Press, Hopewell ISBN 088001217X

[6] Craig, Patricia (30 August 2013). "Seamus Heaney obituary: Nobel Prize-winning Irish Poet". The Independent. Independent Print Limited. Dicapai pada 30 August 2013.

[seambio-7] "Biography of Irish Writer Seamus Heaney". www.seamusheaney.org. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 24 February 2010. Dicapai pada 20 February 2010. Heaney was born on 13th April 1939, the eldest of nine children at the family farm called Mossbawn in the Townland of Tamniarn in Newbridge near Castledawson, Northern Ireland, ... Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan) Archived at Wayback Engine.

[parker-221-8] Parker, Michael (1993). Seamus Heaney: The Making of the Poet. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. m/s. 221. ISBN 0-87745-398-5. The deaths of his mother in the autumn of 1984 and of his father in October 1986 left a colossal space, one which he has struggled to fill through poetry.

[nobel_prize_heaney_biography-9] "Biography". Nobelprize. Dicapai pada 23 May 2010.

[assets.cambridge.org-10] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama assets.cambridge.org

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l b s Penerima Hadiah Nobel dalam Kesusasteraan
1901–1925	1901 Sully Prudhomme 1902 Theodor Mommsen 1903 Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson 1904 Frédéric Mistral / José Echegaray 1905 Henryk Sienkiewicz 1906 Giosuè Carducci 1907 Rudyard Kipling 1908 Rudolf Eucken 1909 Selma Lagerlöf 1910 Paul Heyse 1911 Maurice Maeterlinck 1912 Gerhart Hauptmann 1913 Rabindranath Tagore 1914 1915 Romain Rolland 1916 Verner von Heidenstam 1917 Karl Gjellerup / Henrik Pontoppidan 1918 1919 Carl Spitteler 1920 Knut Hamsun 1921 Anatole France 1922 Jacinto Benavente 1923 W. B. Yeats 1924 Władysław Reymont 1925 George Bernard Shaw
1926–1950	1926 Grazia Deledda 1927 Henri Bergson 1928 Sigrid Undset 1929 Thomas Mann 1930 Sinclair Lewis 1931 Erik Axel Karlfeldt 1932 John Galsworthy 1933 Ivan Bunin 1934 Luigi Pirandello 1935 1936 Eugene O'Neill 1937 Roger Martin du Gard 1938 Pearl S. Buck 1939 Frans Eemil Sillanpää 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 Johannes V. Jensen 1945 Gabriela Mistral 1946 Hermann Hesse 1947 André Gide 1948 T. S. Eliot 1949 William Faulkner 1950 Bertrand Russell
1951–1975	1951 Pär Lagerkvist 1952 François Mauriac 1953 Winston Churchill 1954 Ernest Hemingway 1955 Halldór Laxness 1956 Juan Ramón Jiménez 1957 Albert Camus 1958 Boris Pasternak 1959 Salvatore Quasimodo 1960 Saint-John Perse 1961 Ivo Andrić 1962 John Steinbeck 1963 Giorgos Seferis 1964 Jean-Paul Sartre (anugerah ditolak) 1965 Mikhail Sholokhov 1966 Shmuel Yosef Agnon / Nelly Sachs 1967 Miguel Ángel Asturias 1968 Yasunari Kawabata 1969 Samuel Beckett 1970 Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1971 Pablo Neruda 1972 Heinrich Böll 1973 Patrick White 1974 Eyvind Johnson / Harry Martinson 1975 Eugenio Montale
1976–2000	1976 Saul Bellow 1977 Vicente Aleixandre 1978 Isaac Bashevis Singer 1979 Odysseas Elytis 1980 Czesław Miłosz 1981 Elias Canetti 1982 Gabriel García Márquez 1983 William Golding 1984 Jaroslav Seifert 1985 Claude Simon 1986 Wole Soyinka 1987 Joseph Brodsky 1988 Naguib Mahfouz 1989 Camilo José Cela 1990 Octavio Paz 1991 Nadine Gordimer 1992 Derek Walcott 1993 Toni Morrison 1994 Kenzaburō Ōe 1995 Seamus Heaney 1996 Wisława Szymborska 1997 Dario Fo 1998 José Saramago 1999 Günter Grass 2000 Gao Xingjian
2001–kini	2001 V. S. Naipaul 2002 Imre Kertész 2003 J. M. Coetzee 2004 Elfriede Jelinek 2005 Harold Pinter 2006 Orhan Pamuk 2007 Doris Lessing 2008 J. M. G. Le Clézio 2009 Herta Müller 2010 Mario Vargas Llosa 2011 Tomas Tranströmer 2012 Mo Yan 2013 Alice Munro 2014 Patrick Modiano 2015 Svetlana Alexievich 2016 Bob Dylan 2017 Kazuo Ishiguro 2018 Olga Tokarczuk 2019 Peter Handke 2020 Louise Glück 2021 Abdulrazak Gurnah 2022 Annie Ernaux 2023 Jon Fosse 2024 Han Kang

Kawalan kewibawaan
Umum	ISNI 1 VIAF 1 WorldCat (melalui VIAF)
Perpustakaan negara	Norway Chile Sepanyol Perancis (data) Catalonia Jerman Itali Israel Amerika Syarikat Latvia Jepun Republik Czech Australia Yunani Korea Croatia Belanda Poland Rusia Sweden
Kamus biografi	Ireland Jerman
Pangkalan data saintifik	CiNii (Jepun)
Lain-lain	Aplikasi Berfaset Terminologi Subjek MusicBrainz (artis) 2 RERO (Switzerland) 1 Rangkaian Sosial dan Konteks Arkib 2 SUDOC (Perancis) 1 Trove (Australia) 1