The thing none of you will ever understand is that there are no sides. There's no heroes or villains. There's just what I want and how I'll get it. 
- —Magneto[src]
Known by many names, Max Eisenhardt, also known as Erik Magnus Lehnsherr, is a powerful mutant willing to go to any extreme to protect his species as Magneto, the master of magnetism.[29] During his youth, he suffered atrocities at the hands of the Nazis while interred in Auschwitz. After escaping, he learned at the cost of his own daughter's life that he had the mutant ability to generate and control magnetic fields, a condition that caused additional hate and fear from those who were different from him.[30] With his whole life spent being a target merely for being born different, Magneto rejecting the possibility of any harmony with humans and aimed to conquer the world to enable mutants, whom he referred to as Homo superior, to become the dominant species on Earth.[31]
Seeking to subjugate humanity by brute force, he found himself in direct conflict with his former friend and ally, Professor Charles Xavier and his X-Men, mutants who shared a dream of peaceful mutant-human coexistence.[15][32][29][33][34][35][36] His reputation as an inspirational figurehead and a dangerous threat, as the leader of the Brotherhood and the Acolytes, granted him the rule over the nation of Genosha,[35] until its destruction.[37] While best known as their foe, Magneto has also allied with the X-Men on numerous occasions, expressing his intentions to try Xavier's way[38] and even his students' perspective, by following Cyclops.[39]
More recently, Magneto rejoined Professor Xavier, ending their long-time feud, to help establish a new mutant nation on the living island of Krakoa.[19] Magneto served as one of the fledgling nation's most prominent figures, both as part of the Quiet Council of Krakoa[40] and as a hero of mutantkind.[41]
History
Early Life[]
Max Eisenhardt was born and raised in Nuremberg, Germany to a middle class Jewish family. While attending a local school he became attracted to a young Romani girl named Magda, the daughter of the school cleaner. Max would do things such as craft her necklaces and excel in sporting events to gain her attention. While returning from school one day, Max stumbled upon a Nazi rally and found his uncle Erich badly beaten and wearing a sign proclaiming that he had shamed a German woman (as he was Jewish, and she was not). Not long after, at a school event, Max won a javelin competition to impress Magda, and the following day was accused of cheating (under the belief that a Jewish boy could not possibly exceed his "Aryan" classmates). Max was told to either give up his medal or recreate the throw with a "regulation" javelin. After winning the competition a second time, Max was again accused of cheating, expelled, and beaten by the other children.[1]
Escape from Germany[]
Persecuted by the Nazis
His father Jakob had been a World War I veteran and refused to believe that the nation he had fought for was turning its back on him. Max accompanied his father to see Major Jurgen Scharf, whom he had saved in the war. His father was left waiting for the major and beaten by a troupe of Nazis for "making trouble" in Scharf's office and resisting arrest. After hours of beating, Major Scharf threw Jakob out of his office, stating that the Nazis would have killed him if not for him and that they were now even. As things worsened in Germany, Max's father was forced to accept reality,[42] and brought the family to Warsaw, Poland after Kristallnacht.[43]
They would not be safe from the Nazis in Warsaw, as the city came under German occupation following the breakout of World War II. The family lived in the Jewish section of Warsaw where the Nazis built the Warsaw ghetto in October 1940. Max became a smuggler in order to help his family survive. When the Nazis began deporting the ghetto's residents to Treblinka extermination camp in July 1942, Max and his family escaped from Warsaw. On their way to a hideout, they were captured by Nazi soldiers. As they were about to be executed, Jakob saved Max's life by pushing him out of the firing line without anyone noticing. The corpses and Max were buried in a mass grave.[43]
Holocaust[]
Max imprisoned at Auschwitz
Max was eventually found and captured and would spend his early teens imprisoned at the Vernichtungslager (extermination camp) in Auschwitz, Poland.[44]
In 1944,[45] Max witnessed Mister Sinister and geneticist Josef Mengele, operating at Auschwitz.[46] Max didn't trust Mengele and, consequently, became a Sonderkommando to avoid selection for the geneticist's experiments. Cleaning out the furnaces of the crematoria, he discovered the bodies of his friends who had been selected by the geneticist, and turned into monsters.[46] The only member of his family to survive the Holocaust, Max learned first-hand how brutally human beings could treat those they considered different.[47]
Max and Magda
While in Auschwitz, Max was reunited with Magda and continued to smuggle food and supplies to her. Max saved Magda from the gas chambers and then from execution; as the Sonderkommando revolted, the two of them escaped together. For several years, Max and Magda lived in a Carpathian Mountain village, and eventually they were married. They had a daughter, Anya.[30]
Not satisfied with the simple life of a mountain village, Max moved his family to the then-Soviet city of Vinnytsia so he could better himself. Despite the trauma of his youth, the onset of Max's powers had been delayed due to a bout of hepatitis contracted in Auschwitz.[48] On their very first day in the city, Max used his powers for the first time when he magnetically hurled a crowbar at his boss who was cheating him of his pay. When he returned to the inn where he and his family were staying, Max saw that it was on fire and his daughter Anya was trapped on the upper floors. He tried to use his new-found powers to save his daughter, but his boss had called the KGB who savegely beat and restrained him, preventing him from rescuing Anya. The child fell, burning to her death, in front of her father. Spurred by his daughter's death, Max then used his powers to destroy the men holding him, the crowd watching, and a large section of the city of Vinnytsia as revenge. Terrified by her husband's powers and overwhelmed by the tragedy, Magda fled, unknowingly pregnant with twins. As Max attempted to bury his daughter, more soldiers arrived after hearing what he had done and attacked him. After being shot in the head, Max forced the soldiers to turn their own guns on themselves.[30]
Erik Magnus Lehnsherr[]
With his daughter dead and his wife gone, Max sought out a forger named Georg Odekirk and asked him to create a new identity for him, a Sinti Romani Holocaust survivor called "Erik Lehnsherr", so that Max could search for Magda among her own people, but his efforts were vain as Magda had died in Transia. Max added "Magnus" as his middle name and, although many knew of his history as a prisoner, no one knew of his life as Max Eisenhardt.[49]
Eventually Magnus traveled to Haifa, Israel, possibly under the guise "Erik Magnus". Magnus worked there as a volunteer orderly at a psychiatric hospital for Holocaust victims. It was there he first met and befriended Charles Xavier. Magnus and Xavier frequently debated the subject of mutants' coexistence with the rest of humanity, though neither revealed to the other that they themselves were mutants. While Xavier was idealistic, and believed that humans and mutants could co-exist, Magneto's experiences had hardened him, and he had come to believe that humanity would never allow mutants to live in peace. After the two men joined forces to rescue their friend, Gabrielle Haller, from Baron von Strucker and his Hydra agents and revealed their powers to each other, Magnus seized Hydra's store of Nazi gold and left for parts unknown, realizing his and Xavier's views were incompatible.[3]
Mutant War[]
Magneto is born
For some time after, Magnus attempted to stay on the path of righteousness and used his powers to help track Nazi war criminals on behalf of the C.I.A.. Magnus was also working for the Mossad, the Israeli Secret Service, and instead of turning the Nazis over to the C.I.A., he was giving them over to Israel for trial. The C.I.A. were well aware of this and let him give the Nazi war criminals to Israel, as long as they were Nazis that the USSR had optioned. When Magnus captured and attempted to give Nazi Hans Richter to Israel, his C.I.A. controller decided to put an end to his activities. They murdered Magnus' girlfriend at the time, Isabelle, right in front of his eyes. In a rage, Magnus killed his controller and the other agents. What little trust Magnus still had in humanity died that day, and he realized that the only answer was for Homo superior to conquer mankind once and for all. Taking the name "Magneto", he swore that he would lead his people to the destruction of mankind.[31]
Magnus later found himself in Brooklyn, New York, under the guise "Michael Xavier", where he had learned that mutants were gathering and hiding from humans in plain sight. Magnus asked the mutant Cassandra Michaels to create his first uniform, believing that with all of the colorfully costumed heroes and villains walking the Earth, it was imperative that he do the same to make a statement. After accompanying Cassandra on a date, they were attacked by an underground monster and Magnus entertained the idea of becoming a hero, but after feeling Cassandra was ungrateful, realized that his heart lay elsewhere.[50]
At some point, Magneto had an affair with a married woman by the name of Suzanna Dane. Suzanna bore Magneto a child named Lorna but hid the true parentage of the child from her husband Arnold. Arnold eventually learned of his wife's infidelity and confronted her while flying her and Lorna on a plane. Unbeknownst to her parents, Lorna had inherited her father's powers over magnetism. She was upset by her parents fighting, causing her powers to manifest, destroying the plane and inadvertently killing her parents. Magneto was drawn to the crash site by the magnetic pulse unleashed by his young daughter. Believing she was not ready for the life he had to offer, he had his associate Mastermind use his powers of illusion to re-write her memories, erasing the encounter and the crash from her memory.[51]
Years later, Magneto reemerged in costume and helmet, designed to shield him from telepathy. He was determined to conquer the human race, to prevent the oppression of mutants, as the self-proclaimed savior of mutantkind. Magneto had also created an orbital space station, Asteroid M, to use as a base and began to assemble his original Brotherhood of Evil Mutants. One of his early recruits, Astra, was simply infatuated with Magneto and could care less about the mutant cause, but she left the group under mysterious circumstances before it made its first public appearance. Simply needing powerful mutants in the coming war, Magnus recruited a pair of twins for the Brotherhood after he rescued them from a mob of ignorant humans but was unaware that they would one day be presumed to be the children that Magda had hidden from him. Pietro soon wished to leave constantly and Wanda disagreed with Magneto's dark ambitions, but Wanda felt that she owed Magneto her life and Pietro would never leave her side. It was certain at this time that Magneto was in a psychotic and manic state, brought on by a combination of factors, including the overuse of his immense powers. On the anniversary of his liberation from Auschwitz, Charles Xavier, now a professor and confined to a wheelchair, met with Magneto at the site of the camp. Professor Xavier pleaded with Magneto that the actions he would set into motion were no different than what the Nazis did to him years earlier, but Magneto laughed and patronized the professor for claiming to lead mutants but being confined to a chair. Professor Xavier replied that he may have lost the use of his legs but not his heart, something Magneto could not say. After both men reminded each other that they had the power to destroy the other, Magneto left, with Professor Xavier hoping that he would see the error of his ways.[52]
Magneto remained unaware of the negative effect his powers had on his mental stability, with more frequent use making his behavior increasingly unstable. The more Magneto abused his powers, the more unhinged he would become.[53]
X-Men and the Brotherhood[]
Brotherhood of Evil Mutants
Professor Xavier's original team of X-Men thwarted Magneto's first act of terrorism in his war with humanity, the takeover of the Cape Citadel missile base.[15] When they next clashed, Magneto overthrew the government of Santo Marco, setting himself up as absolute ruler, and led his original Brotherhood of Evil Mutants,[10] which included Wanda and Pietro, now known as the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver. After the X-Men liberated Santo Marco, Magneto kidnapped Angel and the X-Men followed to Asteroid M. Asteroid M was destroyed in the battle with the X-Men, when Scarlet Witch sabotaged a device, designed to kill the X-Men.[13]
Later, while the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants battled the X-Men at Hammer Industries, Magneto and his troops withdrew from battle after the arrival of a Sentinel. Around this time, the Evolutionaries sought the help of Magneto and his Brotherhood of Evil Mutants, viewing Magneto as the leader of all mutantkind. After the Brotherhood kidnapped Emma Frost, Magneto took her to Xavier's School for Gifted Youngsters to use Cerebro. Beast created a device that shut off their access to cosmic rays and accidentally killed two of the Evolutionaries. When Cyclops vowed to protect mutantkind, the sole remaining Evolutionary reluctantly left, but not before erasing the memory of their presence from the minds of the X-Men and Brotherhood and vowing to return one day.[54]
Magneto then attempted to recruit both the Thunder God, Thor,[55] and the King of Atlantis, Namor,[56] into his Brotherhood, but both refused. While convincing Namor, Magneto commandeered his Atlantean army and attacked but was beaten by Namor and the Fantastic Four. The Blob was the next candidate for recruitment, but he ultimately declined to join, after seeing the way Magneto mistreated his followers.[57] Magneto briefly battled the Inhumans while attempting to use Black Bolt as an ally in assaulting a government research facility developing a new cosmic power source, but Black Bolt only pretended to succumb to Magneto's mind control device, and the royal family defeated Magneto.[58] During an encounter with the enigmatic Stranger, Magneto and the Toad were captured and taken to the Stranger's home world for study.[59] Shortly after, Quicksilver and the Scarlet Witch joined a revamped version of the Avengers, led by Captain America.[60]
Magneto escaped from the planet on his own, leaving the Toad behind, but was then re-captured by the Stranger, who had been warned by Professor X.[61] Then, Magneto was accidentally returned to Earth by Dane Whitman and attempted to force Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver back into his Brotherhood. Magneto traveled with the twins to the United Nations Building, where he demanded that mutants be given their own country. Quicksilver managed to send a distress call to the Avengers and they joined the X-Men in defeating Magneto. As his island base was destroyed, Magneto was thrown from the escaping helicopter by Toad, tired of Magneto's constant abuse.[62] Seeming to perish, Magneto managed to escape a drowning death by using his magnetic powers to burrow through the earth.[4]
Magneto retreated to the Savage Land and genetically altered the natives into the Savage Land Mutates, who worshiped him as "The Creator". Here, he utilized the help of some of these natives to create a device that would permit him to channel energy to him. Investigating the supposed suicide of Sauron, the X-Men again stumbled upon Magneto's plans and, after Magneto revived an injured Angel, they destroyed his machines and citadel, seemingly killing him.[63] Magneto survived due to a strange radiation in the Savage Land, and upon his resurrection, the X-Men battled him again. Magneto destroyed the X-Mansion and defeated the X-Men, but a distress call was sent to the Avengers. After capturing the Avengers also, Magneto controlled both groups to kidnap scientists to create atomic devices that would create for him an army of mutants to command. The heroes were saved after Vision used his powers to take possession of Magneto's mutate servant Piper and knocked Magneto unconscious.[64]
At one point, Magneto came across what seemed to him to be a treasure trove of alien records and scientific equipment, which had actually been left for him to find by the master geneticist, Maelstrom. Using these resources, Magneto genetically engineered a being called Alpha the Ultimate Mutant,[65] who rebelled against him and turned Magneto into an infant.[66] Professor Xavier placed the baby into the care of his colleague, geneticist Dr. Moira MacTaggert at the Mutant Research Center on Muir Island. Dr. MacTaggert tried to alter Magneto's genetic structure, so that he would better be able to handle the massive forces he wielded without the adverse effect on his mind. Dr. MacTaggert hoped, given time and the right upbringing, Magneto would grow up to become a better man. However, not long after, the Shi'ar Erik the Red returned Magneto to adulthood, albeit younger than before.[53] Magneto, thereafter, had a series of battles with Professor Xavier's new team of X-Men. First, Magneto battled the X-Men as payment for Erik the Red restoring his age. Magneto later formed a new Brotherhood comprised of Burner, Lifter, Peeper, Shocker, and Slither, but when they failed to capture the mutant with two bodies known as Mister One and Mister Two and lost to Captain America, Magneto abandoned this team.[67]
Magneto next found himself in Latveria and was disgusted at the level of obedience that the citizens showed to Doctor Doom. After attacking Doom in his castle, Doom defeated Magneto, who propositioned they rule the world together. Doom declined and subjected Magneto to a mind-controlling neuro gas. After administering the antidote, Doom suggested that Magneto attempt to stop him from controlling the world himself. Magneto traveled to the Avengers and briefly battled them before he informed them of Doom's plans. Falling under Doom's control, the Avengers were then ordered to kill Magneto, but Magneto realized that Beast was fighting Doom's control. After rescuing Beast and erasing the effects of the gas, Magneto and Beast went to the Champions for assistance. Upon arriving, the Champions also attacked the duo before they informed them of Doom's plans. They all traveled together to Washington, D.C. and confronted Doom, who had the Hulk attack them. After the arrival of the Champions, Ghost Rider shed the effects of the gas and aided the duo. Magneto was poised to defeat Dr. Doom until Doom reversed the effects of Magneto's powers and he withdrew from battle.[68][69]
Magneto later rescued the X-Men from Mesmero, who had controlled them to perform in a circus, and had them imprisoned by his robot, Nanny, while he destroyed aerospace installations in Australia and New Zealand.[70]
"Rescuing" the X-Men from Mesmero
Due to the rapid re-aging of Magneto by Eric the Red, Magneto's body had been healed of the damage he'd done to it by the overuse and abuse of his powers. His mind however had taken longer to heal, as his brain needed to rewire itself, and the damage wasn't easily repaired. Therefore, after a brief time of more psychotic behavior, Magneto began to calm down and think about his past. After Cyclops and Lee Forrester stumbled upon his island base in the Bermuda Triangle, Magneto decided that he would take control of all world governments and end the nuclear arms race, but the Soviet submarine, Leningrad, attacked him. After destroying the sub and all crew members aboard, Magneto, by sheer force of will, created a volcano in the city of Varykino, destroying it. Magneto battled the X-Men again but underwent a crisis of conscience after almost killing young Sprite, a fellow mutant and Jew, and abandoned his plans of world conquest.[29]
At some point, Magneto was approached by Xavier and Moira MacTaggert on his island base in Bermuda. Xavier told Magneto that perhaps both their dreams for the future of mutantkind were insufficient for the days to come and asked his old friend to open his mind to him. While initially distrustful, Magneto relented, and Xavier showed glimpses of different lives, in all of which Magneto had failed in his goals. He also shared a truth he had learned many years ago; that Moira was a mutant, with the ability to be reborn and reset the timeline upon her death. Xavier told him that apart, they would always fail, but together they could bring about the future they wanted for their people. Magneto accepted Xavier's offer and agreed to aid him and Moira in their plan.[71] One of the tasks Magneto aided in was the recruitment of Mister Sinister. Sinister was recruited to create a collection of mutant genetic samples, with Xavier and Magneto offering to collect certain samples that might be outside of Sinister's reach. Sinister agreed, and Xavier proceeded to wipe the meeting from his memory, ensuring he would not remember their deal until called upon.[72]
After finding the bodies of two murdered mutant children hanging from a swing set, Magneto rescued the X-Men from an attack by the Purifiers. After capturing their attackers, Magneto and the X-Men tortured them for information and rescued Kitty Pryde, who was being pursued by Purifiers. After arriving at Reverend William Stryker's base, Magneto and the X-Men rescued Cyclops and Storm, and Magneto resuscitated them. Professor X was taken to Madison Square Garden, where he was attached to a machine that, using his telepathy, would kill all living mutants. Magneto, with his psi-shielded helmet, distracted the Professor enough for the X-Men to destroy the machine. Televised, Cyclops entered into a debate with Stryker about his actions and Stryker pulled a gun, attempting to kill Kitty. Before he could fire, Stryker was shot down by a police officer. Later at the X-Mansion, Magneto once again extended a hand to Xavier, asking that he join him. Xavier admitted that Magneto was right and began to accept his offer, until Scott stopped him and stated that he believed in the Professor's dream and would see it come true. Professor X then declined Magneto's offer, stating he would not leave his students. Magneto left, calling them fools.[73]
Secret Wars[]
After rebuilding his space station, Magneto was among those that were teleported to an area of space-time near a galaxy far from the vicinity of Earth's. Similarly, a large number of costumed criminals, including the Absorbing Man, Doctor Doom, Doctor Octopus, the Enchantress, Kang, the Lizard, the Molecule Man, Ultron, the Wrecker and the Wrecking Crew, as well as the planet-devourer Galactus, found themselves in another construct within this same area of space-time. Aboard the constructs, the passengers watched in awe as the galaxy nearest to them was annihilated by an unseen force, except for a single star. Then, before their eyes, a planet, which became known as Battleworld, was created to orbit that star. Finally, a rift opened in space-time, from which poured a blinding light, and the passengers within the constructs heard a voice telling them, "I am from beyond! Slay your enemies and all you desire shall be yours! Nothing you dream of is impossible for me to accomplish!" The passengers were then sent to Battleworld. There, over the next several days, they engaged in a "secret war" among themselves; most of the criminals sought to destroy the heroic adventurers in order to gain the prize that the Beyonder had promised.
The heroes saw Magneto as a villain, and he decided to stay out of the direct conflicts and become a third party, creating his own fortress. The bizarre circumstances caused Magneto to think of what he and humans had in common, surprising the longtime mutant supremacist.[74] After battling the heroes for their power supply, Magneto kidnapped and seemingly seduced the Wasp. Later, Magneto took responsibility of watching Galactus' movements. After Professor X noticed Galactus was attempting to feed on Battleworld, the X-Men and the heroes battled him. During his time there, Magneto was mostly allied with the X-Men. After Dr. Doom absorbed energy from Galactus and the Beyonder and killed all of the heroes, Mister Fantastic revived them all. After the Beyonder regained his powers, he and Doom disappeared, and the heroes willed themselves back to Earth.[75]
Lee Forrester[]
After being returned to Asteroid M, the arrival of Warlock crashing through his space station sent Magneto plummeting to Earth.[76] Magneto landed in the ocean, where he was saved from a shark attack from Cyclops' ex-lover, Lee Forrester.[77] Lee took Magneto to his old base in the Bermuda Triangle and nursed him back to health, despite his distaste for humans.[78] Lee warmed Magneto's heart after saving his life and the two became lovers.[79] On the following day, Lee was reminded of the monster that Magneto once was and left him. Around this time, the Mutant Registration Act was passed, that called for all mutants to register with the government, forfeiting their civil rights and making it illegal to be an unregistered mutant.[80]
Joining the X-Men and Leading the New Mutants[]
Magneto is tried for his crimes
Feeling the return of the Beyonder, Magneto once again joined forces with the X-Men. This time, due to Prof. Xavier's weakened state from being attacked by a group of mutant haters, Magneto temporarily joined the team. Magneto began using the alias Michael Xavier to avoid detection from authorities. Completely out of character, Magneto stopped Rachel Summers from killing a human that shot at her, stating that she would only prove them right: that mutants are murderers. While visiting the National Holocaust Memorial with Shadowcat, Kitty was amazed to learn that Magneto knew her grandaunt and saved many lives in Auschwitz. Suddenly, Magneto was attacked by the Freedom Force and gave himself up for trial by the World Court. Magneto's old friend, Gabrielle Haller, was his defense attorney and Sir James Jaspers prosecuted him. The trial was disrupted by an attack from Fenris, the twin children of Baron von Strucker, and Professor Xavier was almost killed. As Professor Xavier lay dying, the Shi'ar Majestrix, Lilandra Neramani, appeared so she could take him into outer space to be healed by their science. Professor Xavier begged Magneto to take over for him and be headmaster of the School for Gifted Youngsters for the New Mutants[38]. Magneto relented and began splitting his time between being a member of the X-Men and teacher for the New Mutants. With the X-Men, Magneto again battled the Beyonder.[81]
Later, Rachel Summers decided to simply destroy the entire universe and have it all start over without the Beyonder. Phoenix stole the life force of the X-Men and Starjammers, but Storm's soul convinced her otherwise. After hearing the thoughts of every living being in existence, Phoenix returned the X-Men and Starjammers to life. This event also made Magneto rethink his methods of genocide for a "greater good".[82] While the X-Men rebuilt San Francisco after the battle with the Beyonder, the New Mutants were obliterated from existence by the virtually omnipotent Beyonder and then recreated by him, angry that Magik refused his 'gift' of her power being transferred to Shadowcat, to use them as guinea pigs. In being recreated, the New Mutants somehow lost much of the proficiency in using their superhuman powers that they had learned at Professor Xavier's school and seemed detached. In time, Magneto's fears, insecurities, paranoia, and temperament slowly began to get the best of him and he was emotionally persuaded by Empath into having the New Mutants join the Hellions, to see if the White Queen could help. Upon realizing the manipulation, Magneto raced to rescue the children and was attacked along the way by the Avengers, believing Magneto was planning to kidnap the children. After the New Mutants arrived to rescue Magneto, he and Emma worked together to cure the children of their trauma at the hands of the Beyonder.[83] After being turned into X-Babies by Mojo, the X-Men battled the New Mutants until they were broken of their brainwashing and defeated the spineless one.[84] At this time, Magneto was offered a position in the Hellfire Club and upon entering the building, he recognized that X-Factor were in fact the original X-Men. Magneto left the building unsure.[85]
The X-Men later attempted to rescue the Morlocks after Mr. Sinister's Marauders began to indiscriminately massacre them. Magneto was charged by Storm to stay at the mansion, watch over the New Mutants, and tend to the wounded.[86] Colossus was injured by Riptide's shurikens, which caused energy leaks in Colossus' body without penetrating his armored skin. Magneto used his power to mend the wounds, but Piotr was left in a state of temporary paralysis. The New Mutants wandered into the tunnels to help at the same time Thor created an enormous burial fire for the murdered Morlocks, and the New Mutants were thought dead as well.[87] After being propositioned, Magneto later joined the Hellfire Club as co-White King of the Inner Circle at Storm's behest, and accepted Havok as a member of the X-Men. The union between the Hellfire Club and the X-Men would give the X-Men access to all of the Hellfire Club's government secrets and protect the school if the Marauders were to attack again.[88]
Unwilling to watch her die, Magneto went to Mr. Fantastic of the Fantastic Four to use a device he had built to save Shadowcat.[89] Unsure of the outcome, Mr. Fantastic refused to help Kitty, even after the X-Men begged him, and the X-Men and Fantastic Four briefly battled after Human Torch burned Storm's arm.[90] At that time, Dr. Doom presented his assistance and, under duress, Storm accepted.[91] At the urging of Franklin Richards, Kitty was cured by the combined efforts of Dr. Doom and Mr. Fantastic.[92]
After learning that pieces of his space station, Asteroid M, had fallen to Earth, Magneto left the X-Men to travel to Kampuchea on his own and retrieve the technology in it. Magneto was intercepted by the Avengers, and the X-Men arrived to aid him before the Super-Soldiers and Crimson Dynamo arrived.[93] The three teams fought over Magneto and, in the confusion, the X-Men slipped away with him. Magneto left the X-Men again to get the tech on the space station, and after finding it, began wearing his old helmet again. After the Avengers showed again, the X-Men came to Magneto's aid and they left with his tech while destroying the rest of Asteroid M.[94] After arriving in Singapore, the team took a Dutch freighter and were boarded by the Super-Soldiers while at sea. Fearing that he was endangering the team, Magneto again left the X-Men.[95] Arriving back in Singapore, Magneto was sheltered by an underground group of mutants and brought to the Galleria, where they asked him to lead them against human oppression. After Magneto informed them that he was no longer that man, soldiers burst in and began firing and Magneto saved them. Magneto then went to the X-Men and Avengers and revealed his technology, a device in his helmet that would mix with his magnetic powers and give him control over any mind he chose. Magneto declared that he had modified the circuitry to remove all traces of prejudice, particularly toward mutants, from the collective minds of the human race and not to rule them. After using the device on Captain America, Magneto learned that Cap never hated mutants and agreed to go on trial again. Magneto was once again defended by Gabrielle Haller and prosecuted by Sir James Jaspers in Paris. After fearing that his death would spark a war between mutants and humans, Magneto called his helmet from Singapore to Paris, and used it on one of the judges, Alexandre Gilbert Du Motier, who acquitted him of his crimes in the world court.[96]
Magneto destroyed the helmet[96] and returned to his position as headmaster of the Xavier School, attempting to connect more with his students, after learning that they had returned as well. Magneto, notably, connected with Illyana Rasputin, who had lost her brother, Colossus; best friend, Shadowcat; and control over her realm, Limbo,[97] after the attack of the Marauders.[98] Magneto also grounded the New Mutants for their impulsive, reckless behavior. After a soccer game became too physical, Sunspot ended up giving Cannonball a concussion and, after the rest of the New Mutants began to chastise him, Sunspot ran away, feeling he was a danger to his team. Warlock followed after Sunspot and this left all of the team feeling deeply guilty and worried about Warlock and Sunspot's whereabouts.[99] To calm them down, Magneto dressed them elegantly in preparation to attend a Hellfire Club event and asked Dr. MacTaggert to assist in the administration of the school.[100]
After hearing about the mistreatment of an animal creature after capture, the New Mutants abducted Bird-Brain and after returning home, Magma decided to return to the Massachusetts Academy.[101] Following an incident at a mall, Magneto decided to turn over Bird-Brain to the authorities, but after Cypher began to speak with it, the New Mutants convinced him that Bird-Brain could be taught and remain at the mansion.[102] Magneto awoke one night to the return of Sunspot and Warlock but the disappearance of the New Mutants.[103] Magneto ordered Sunspot and Warlock to stay put while he used the technology at the Hellfire Club to locate the New Mutants. While at the Hellfire Club, Magneto witnessed X-Factor's battle with Apocalypse and the current X-Men die on television. When the children returned, they informed Magneto that Cypher was killed in action by the Ani-Mator. A furious Magneto magnetically held the children and forbade them from ever leaving the school without his presence or using their powers, stating that he needed to protect them. Retreating to Limbo, Illyana returned in her Darkchylde form with her Soulsword and attacked Magneto, stating that she was wrong about him being her knight in shining armor. The New Mutants separated them, and she returned the sword to Limbo. Magneto blamed himself for Doug Ramsey's death as well as Humans (Homo sapiens) and contacted Doug's parents (telling them Doug was killed while the students were on a field trip in a hunting accident), while cursing Professor Xavier for leaving him in this position. Magneto's temper rose daily, threatening the New Mutants that if they would not follow his demands, he would make them.[104][105]
After Mirage interrupted a training session of Cannonball's, Magneto ordered the children never to use their mutant powers without his permission, a fact that Sunspot immediately defied and stated that Magneto didn't give them their powers and they could use them as they pleased. After scolding Sunspot, Magneto received a call from Emma Frost, stating that Magma had been kidnapped. Magneto, the White Queen, and the Inner Circle left to rescue Magma, unaware that the New Mutants had already rescued her and overheard Magneto stating that the Purifiers had almost foiled their plan for Magma.[106] After allowing Cannonball to attend his girlfriend's concert, after he promised not to use his powers, Magneto, on the phone with the White Queen, was overheard again by the New Mutants, stating that he was prepared for the events to come and willing to go as far as using power neutralizers, an act that angered the New Mutants. They left to aid Cannonball with a battle that broke out at Lila Cheney's concert. Responding to his summons at the Hellfire Club, Magneto donned his old helmet and a similar red and purple suit and attended the meeting. Leader Sebastian Shaw berated Magneto for his students' rash acts, but the White Queen came to his defense.[107]
The Inner Circle battled a reign of demons that descended upon Manhattan from a portal in Times Square. After the portal was closed, the Inner Circle was approached by the demon, N'astirh, who offered a truce with the Hellfire Club and proposed that if they would allow him Manhattan, he would give them the rest of the world. The New Mutants witnessed Magneto and the Inner Circle meeting with N'astirh and lost all trust in him. After the defeat of the demons, Shaw argued with Magneto for his lack of control over his student, Illyana, and the demon invasion as a result. Magneto and Shaw began to fight, arguing which path that mutants should follow, ending in disagreement.[108] Returning to the school, Magneto and the Inner Circle arrived just in time to save the New Mutants from the Marauder, Sabretooth, who explained that Mr. Sinister destroyed the mansion. Magneto was shocked and angry to learn that Illyana had become a child again to stop the demonic invasion, and Sunspot instigated a battle between the Inner Circle and the New Mutants, until Magneto trapped all of the New Mutants in a metal ball. Shaw accused Magneto of having lost all of the control the Hellfire Club had petitioned his membership for, and the two battled. Magneto stated that he joined the X-Men, led the New Mutants, and entered the Hellfire Club to build a foundation for control and peace among mutantkind. Magneto said that the teams were to be his army against the coming war between humans and mutants and the New Mutants heard it all. After defeating Shaw, Shaw stated to the other Inner Circle members that if Magneto stayed, then he would not and was voted out of the Inner Circle. Magneto declared himself "Grey King", both Black King and White King, and allowed the New Mutants to leave, stating that in time they would find his way right.[8]
Wanting a contingency plan if things didn't work out with the Hellfire Club, Magneto rebuilt a fancier version of Asteroid M. Magneto left the New Mutants so he could play villain again for the world, he would explain to Dr. MacTaggert, so the world would focus on him as the highest profile mutant terrorist. Magneto felt he could not be a substitute for Professor Charles Xavier, that he could not adopt Professor Xavier's methods, and that Professor Xavier's way was not his way.[109]
Rogue[]
He next appeared in the Savage Land where he met X-Man Rogue where they both fought a crazed Zaladane, who had stolen the magnetic powers of both Polaris and Magneto. Zaladane was defeated brutally by Magneto. Rogue left the Savage Land in anger and in tears as Magneto declared that he and she could not be on the same side.[110]
Acts of Vengeance[]
Seeing conditions for mutants grow progressively more perilous, Magneto began seeking allies to protect mutants from humanity. He participated in the "Acts of Vengeance" alongside such established villains as Doctor Doom, the Wizard, and the Mandarin. He also confronted Red Skull, an unrepentant Nazi war criminal, on whom Magneto took revenge by entombing him alive.[111]
Acolytes[]
Magneto's Avalon
Eventually tired of the constant state of strife, Magneto built a new orbital base, Avalon, where he hoped to live a life of quiet seclusion. He was, by this point, a figurehead for the cause of mutanthood and was sought out by a group of new mutants calling themselves the Acolytes.[112]
After this, Magneto set his sights significantly lower than world conquest; he wanted only a haven for mutantkind. He first attempted to make the orbital base known as Asteroid M such a haven but was opposed by the governments of the world and the X-Men. The X-Men did not know whether or not Magneto was returning to his villainous ways, so they confronted him. Feeling betrayed by his former allies, Magneto escaped after a brief skirmish in which he sustained near-fatal injuries from Wolverine.[112]
After learning that Moira had manipulated him while he was de-aged into a baby, an enraged Magneto lashed out at her. He abandoned his covenant with her and Xavier, and once again set off on his own more radical path.[113][114]
Shortly after, Magneto renewed his war with the human race and the X-Men, and gathered about him his team of mutant underlings, the Acolytes, who virtually worshiped him.
The United Nations Security Council, in response to a resurgent Magneto, voted to activate the "Magneto Protocols" -- a satellite network, in slightly lower orbit than Avalon, which skewed the Earth's magnetic field enough to prevent Magneto from using his powers within and from returning to the planet's surface. The attempt to limit him was met with an electromagnetic pulse-wave that not only destroyed the satellites but deactivated every electronic device on Earth within minutes. Xavier and a select team of X-Men traveled to Magneto's orbiting Avalon base to confront him. During the battle, Magneto used his powers to extract the adamantium from Wolverine's skeleton, causing him tremendous agony. Infuriated, Xavier used his mental powers to shut down Magneto's mind.[115]
For a time, the Acolytes cared for Magneto at their orbiting base, and Exodus claimed to speak the word of Magneto even while Magnus was incapacitated. When Avalon was destroyed by Holocaust, however, Magneto returned to Earth in an escape pod with Colossus.[116]
Joseph[]
Subsequently, an amnesiac man emerged calling himself Joseph, possessing powers over magnetism, and the appearance of Magneto if he were still in his twenties.[117] He joined the X-Men, who believed him to be Magneto, somehow rejuvenated and reformed. Joseph himself came to believe he was Magneto, until the real Magneto reappeared and began his campaign of terror against the human race anew. Joseph was instead revealed to be a clone of Magneto.[7]
Sabra's Discovery[]
It was at this time that Sabra, a mutant Mossad agent and member of Xavier's Underground, discovered that his Sinti Romani identity of Erik Lehnsherr was a complete forgery, and she revealed this information to Gabrielle Haller. Sabra would declare a personal war against Magneto, whom she now regarded as a traitor to the human race, mutantkind, and their Jewish people.[118]
Genosha[]
Magneto receives control of Genosha from the United Nations
After seizing control of the planet's magnetosphere from the north magnetic pole and blackmailing the world into creating a mutant nation, the United Nations ceded to Magneto the island nation of Genosha, which had no recognized government, as a homeland for mutants. At this time, however, Magneto had nearly lost and exhausted his powers by influencing the poles.[119]
Magneto was met with armed resistance on Genosha. He used Fabian Cortez, and then Polaris, to augment his powers and was able to gain control of all parts of Genosha, after battling the Avengers and destroying the city of Carrion Cove. Hidden in caves above Carrion Cove was a device that Magneto knew would restore his powers to dangerous levels, and he attacked his alleged children, Wanda and Pietro, who tried to stop him from using it. Once he accessed this genetic enhancer, he regained his powers over the electromagnetic spectrum, but the overwhelming energies made him psychotic and manic once again.[120]
After the Legacy Virus was cured, Magneto suddenly found himself with tens of thousands of healthy mutants on Genosha. He sought to raise an army from this mass of disaffected, recently cured mutants. Jean Grey formed an interim X-Men team that was barely able to stop him. Wolverine again struck a critical blow, gutting Magneto and reportedly severing his spine.[121]
Magneto, recovering and wheelchair bound, was attended to by Polaris. Drawn to Magneto by her curiosity, Lorna was driven to know the truth behind their relationship. She stole a sample of his blood and used it to learn that she was in fact his daughter.[122]
"Death"[]
The ruins of Genosha
When new mega-Sentinels attacked Genosha, Magneto was still wheelchair-bound and suffering from his injuries to the point that he could not effectively use his powers. It appeared that he was killed in the attack, but in truth, he survived after he was hidden in a shelter by his followers. Months after the event, a team of X-Men searching in the debris found what was apparently a recording of Magneto's last words. Mutant-supremacist ideas, attributed to him, became widespread in the mutant community, with some holding him as a martyr of the mutant cause. Magneto had become a Che Guevara-like revolutionary figure in the mutant community. T-shirts and posters with Magneto's face and the phrase "Magneto Was Right" became popular items, even amongst certain students in the Xavier Institute.[123]
Around this time, an impostor by the name of Xorn emerged and wreaked havoc in New York City in the guise of Magneto. All the while, Magneto gradually found his way out of the Genoshan rubble, and somehow survived until he was discovered by Xavier. Magneto had no memory of what happened to him, from the time the mega-Sentinels attacked to the time Xavier found him. With the world again thinking Magneto was dead, as Wolverine had beheaded the Magneto impostor in New York, Xavier and Magneto decided to work together to help rebuild Genosha, rekindling their friendship in the process.[124]
House of M[]
Magneto and his family as rulers of the world
Magneto's "daughter", the Scarlet Witch, lost her grip on reality following a reminder of the death of her children, and attacked her fellow Avengers, forcing a distraught and remorseful Magneto to come to her aid after she was rendered unconscious by Doctor Strange. In Genosha, Magneto had heard Wanda's psychic cry for help and, using a wormhole, whisked her away before the Avengers could stop him. Back in Genosha, Magneto tended to a more withdrawn and angry Wanda, and allowed only Xavier to visit in the belief that he could help mend Wanda's broken psyche. As Magneto was forced to consider euthanizing his own daughter for the good of the entire world, as her reality-altering powers were spinning out of her control, Pietro convinced his sister to use her powers to create a world wherein they would have everything they wanted.[125][126]
In the new reality Wanda created, mutants were the dominant species on Earth, and Magneto was the sovereign of the world's mutants, ruling his subjects from Genosha. Believing Magneto to be the one responsible for the change in their world, a group of heroes, who had their memories of the "real world" restored by Layla Miller, banded together and attacked him in Genosha. During the battle that ensued, Layla was fortunate enough to be able to restore Magneto's memories, as she had done for the others. When Magneto found out about Pietro's role in warping reality, he attacked him, enraged at all that he had done in his name, and killed him by ultimately crushing his body under the weight of a Sentinel.[127]
Driven mad by anger and grief over Magneto's treatment of her brother and his violence towards his children, Wanda blamed her father for what Pietro, and she had become, declaring that he had always loved mutantkind more than his own children. Out of spite, she altered reality once more, declaring "No More Mutants." At her command, the mutant population of Earth had been decimated, and if not for Doctor Strange and Emma Frost there would have been no mutants left at all.[126]
Powerless[]
Magneto was left powerless, along with most of the world's mutant population, and with no more mutant births, the species that Magneto had dedicated his life to fight for was rapidly headed towards extinction. The X-Men left him amidst the ruins of Genosha, a broken and shell-shocked man.[126]
When Quicksilver came to Genosha to restore the mutants' powers with the Inhumans' Terrigen Mist, Magneto condemned his actions, pointing out the disastrous side-effects the Mists had on non-Inhumans. An angry Quicksilver, frustrated at never being able to win his father's approval, attacked Magneto with his new powers gained from the Mists, savagely beating him until his daughter Luna begged him to stop. When the Inhumans later came looking for their Mists, Magneto told them what had happened.[128]
Thereafter, the Collective (a being comprised of energy from all the former mutants' powers) re-powered Magneto and revealed itself as Xorn, the impostor who had devastated New York. Xorn explained that he took the image of Magneto because he knew mutants would follow him, but that they needed the true Magneto once again. Magneto, not in control of himself, began attacking the New Avengers and S.H.I.E.L.D. agents that Xorn nearly destroyed while he pleaded for them to kill him. He was taken down with a direct attack to his brain from Inhuman S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Daisy Johnson. Iron Man, Ms. Marvel, and the Sentry combined their powers and sent the Collective/Xorn into the sun. Unconscious, Magneto was loaded into a S.H.I.E.L.D. helicopter. The helicopter, however, exploded upon take-off through unknown means; his body was not found among the rubble.[129]
Afterward, Magneto was being searched for by the U.S. government, the Morlocks, and the X-Men. Professor Xavier was unable to locate him with Cerebro, despite the increase in power to his recently restored telepathy. Xavier and Nightcrawler found traces of Magneto paying his respects at a local graveyard, standing in front of a tombstone belonging to one of his very first henchmen. Also, the Morlocks came after Magneto for reasons of their own and used him to justify their terrorist acts.[130]
Magneto spoke to a crippled, depowered Morlock, claiming he had lost what once made him superior. However, when Skids found him at a local cemetery sometime later, she gave him a mysterious book that Masque had in his possession. It claimed to chronicle the future of mutantkind, and in it, the book stated Magneto was still a mutant.[131]
At the behest of Exodus, Magneto appeared to help restore the broken psyche of Professor Xavier, who had suffered massive brain damage after being shot in the head. Stil powerless, he reminisced about the past between the X-Men and the Brotherhood with Omega Sentinel. Together they managed to revive Xavier before being attacked by Frenzy. Magneto wounded Frenzy by firing a medical laser into one of her eyes, prompting Exodus to ask what punishment he would have instilled on a human who injured a mutant. Magneto replied "Death" and Exodus proceeded to choke him with his telekinesis before a recovering Xavier challenged Exodus on the astral plane. After Xavier defeated Exodus, he left Magneto and Karima to try and rebuild his lost memories.[132]
Regaining Powers[]
Magneto sought out the High Evolutionary, hoping his advanced science could help restore Magneto's mutant powers. The Evolutionary agreed to aid him. Requiring material from the Dreaming Celestial, the Evolutionary designed a suit that allowed Magneto to replicate his lost powers, so that he could cause a distraction while the Evolutionary plundered what he needed from the Celestial. Using the suit, Magneto reactivated de-commissioned Sentinels to attack the X-Men at a "mutant kitsch" event in San Francisco. The suit was lost in battle, but the plan was a success and the pair left with what they needed.[133]
After extensively examining the Dreaming Celestial, the High Evolutionary subjected Magneto to an extremely dangerous technological procedure in an attempt to restore his powers, which succeeded.[134] Since the Evolutionary's equipment was destroyed in the process of re-powering Magneto, he could not use the process to reverse the Decimation effect for anyone else. Having travelled through space in search of a way of reversing the Decimation, only to come up empty handed, he decided to return to Earth, after learning that the X-Men had united what was left of mutantkind on the ruins of Asteroid M.[135]
Nation X[]
Magneto bowing at Cyclops
Shortly after the funeral of Dr. Yuriko Takiguchi on Utopia (previously known as Asteroid M), Magneto confronted the new inhabitants of his former home. Magneto stunned everyone by telling them he had come in peace and wished to speak with their leader, Cyclops. Professor Xavier was unconvinced, believing that Magneto had ulterior motives and attacked him telepathically. In spite of this, Magneto did not fight back. Instead, he got down on his knees and repeated his peaceful intentions. Cyclops ordered Xavier to stand down and agreed to talk with Magneto but kept Psylocke close by in case Xavier was right. Magneto expressed his admiration of Cyclops for finally doing what he and Xavier couldn't: uniting mutantkind. Magneto had resigned himself to the fact that mutantkind was doomed until Cyclops told him that Hope Summers, the mutant messiah, was alive and well and would one day return.[39]
Finding that the X-Men still did not trust him, Magneto brought Kitty Pryde back to Earth, drawing the bullet she was trapped in back to Earth and freeing her. Because of the massive strain of this feat, Magneto was rendered comatose. During an attack from Bastion on the X-Men, Magneto came out of his coma and defended the many inhabitants from the Nimrods.[136]
Magneto Goes Public[]
Magneto saves San Francisco
With his reputation around the world as a well-known mutant revolutionary/terrorist, Magneto was talked into improving his image by Cyclops before it could go public that he was a resident of Utopia. Kate Kildare, a "superhuman public relations specialist", advised him to adopt a costume color scheme containing white, along with getting the public to "love and fear" him, both of which he refused. With an earthquake inbound for San Francisco, Magneto used his powers to stabilize the city's buildings, structures, and metal vehicles, and to smooth the earth movements themselves, thus preventing any major damage and saving many lives. As a result, the city began to favor him.[137]
Regenesis[]
In the aftermath of the Schism between Cyclops and Wolverine, Magneto took Cyclops' side and joined his Extinction Team. When footage was released of Magneto murdering several anti-mutant activists, Magneto was surprised as he was miles away with Cyclops when the massacre was perpetrated. They were called into a meeting with Captain America and Iron Man to discuss it and Cyclops vouched for him, giving Magneto a chance to prove his innocence.[138] The real perpetrator was a resurrected Joseph who had been brought back by Astra, along with a new Brotherhood of Evil Mutants composed of deformed clones of the originals.[139]
Joseph sought to bring back the fear that Magneto's name once commanded and allied himself with anti-mutant activist Christopher Bach, who wished to sully Magneto's name and make mutants appear more dangerous to further his agenda. Joseph berated Magneto for allying himself with the X-Men and "going soft", which Magneto countered by saying that he was doing what he always had: fighting for the survival of the mutant race by any means necessary. Magneto kidnapped Astra and forced her to reveal Joseph's plans, which were to kill a large group of protesters at a pro-humanity rally.[140] Magneto arrived in time to thwart Joseph's plans and save the people. He killed all the clones and incapacitated Joseph, who was then locked in the X-Brig. However, Christopher Bach and his bigoted followers were killed by Magneto during the chaos, who pretended not to know what had happened to them.[141]
Avengers vs. X-Men[]
When war broke out over what to do about the Phoenix Force coming to Earth, Magneto sided with his fellow X-Men against the Avengers. When the Avengers invaded Utopia, he fought Iron Man, and the two took their fight to outer space. As Magneto drew power from another planet, he sensed the planet being destroyed by the Phoenix, which distracted him long enough for Iron Man to defeat him. The X-Men feigned a surrender and proceeded to teleport out of Utopia.[142]
Magneto, Storm, and Psylocke having a toast.
Magneto waited in a safe house with Storm and Psylocke while Cyclops, Emma Frost, Colossus, Magik, and Namor engaged the Avengers on the moon. After Iron Man used an experimental weapon on the Phoenix Force, it split into five pieces, inhabiting the five X-Men present on the moon. The Phoenix Five used their vast power to end wars, hunger, disease, and thirst on the Earth and created a global utopia. The Avengers continued to oppose them, believing that the five would eventually lose control.[143]
The Avengers managed to defeat Namor after he had invaded Wakanda, resulting in his portion of the Phoenix going to the other four. Later, Colossus and Magik knocked each other out after having a falling out (manipulated by a beaten Spider-Man), resulting in Cyclops and Emma as the last two Phoenix left. After receiving all that power, Cyclops and Emma begin to lose control. Emma began a reign of tyranny over the X-Men, threatening those whose thoughts displeased her. Magneto attempted to reason with her, to no avail. Magneto then called out to Professor X, telling him they needed his help. The Avengers, Xavier, and the X-Men united to take on the Phoenixes. Magneto participated in the final battle, but when Cyclops took the final piece of the Phoenix from Emma and became Dark Phoenix, he was knocked out. Cyclops was defeated by both Hope Summers and Magneto's daughter Wanda, and Hope dispersed the Phoenix and used it to re-spark mutations around the globe.[144]
Despite aiding the X-Men and the Avengers against Cyclops and Emma, Magneto became a fugitive, like the other members of the former Extinction Team, but managed to remain hidden due to Abigail Brand's aid. He made contact with Cyclops and asked if he should break him out, but Cyclops refused the idea. He then went on to find some of the former members of the Extinction Team: Magik and Danger. He tracked Colossus down as well but decided that it would be best to leave him alone due to his suffering after his sister's betrayal. He informed Storm of Colossus' whereabouts, leaving his fate up to her.[145] He, Magik, and Danger received a message from Cyclops, who had a change of heart after his cellmate was killed for being a mutant, asking them to break him out. They succeeded in breaking Cyclops out, and together they set out to protect mutantkind.[146]
Mutant Rebellion[]
Magneto, Cyclops, and Magik began liberating mutants who had been unjustly imprisoned by various authorities and offered them help with controlling their powers and a place in their growing rebellion. While attempting to liberate Emma Frost, Magneto and Cyclops both lost control of their powers. Emma revealed that she has been going through a similar situation and told them that hosting the Phoenix Force (and in Magneto's case, being attacked by a Phoenix-possessed Cyclops) had damaged their mutant powers. Cyclops vowed to find a way to fix them all. After Emma joined they started a new school for mutants in the old Weapon X facility.[147] As they began to come under attack by Sentinels, Magneto infiltrated S.H.I.E.L.D., posing as an informant in order to determine whether S.H.I.E.L.D. were behind the Sentinel-attacks.[148] After learning his liaison to S.H.I.E.L.D. was in fact Mystique, who had erected a mutant criminal empire in Madripoor using Mutant Growth Hormone, Magneto left the X-Men.[149]
AXIS[]
Going underground, Magneto deployed his intelligence, resources, and contacts to track down various anti-mutant hate criminals to make sure that those responsible paid for their sins. His defective powers proved to be a limitation to his crusade. One of his targets was revealed to be a rudimentary Omega Sentinel,[16] prompting Magneto to investigate its origins.[150] Unleashing his rage upon the machines' developers, Magneto tortured and executed lead researcher Elizabeth Alain to deactivate her project and destroy her Master Mold.[151] Next, he destroyed a surviving sect of Purifiers.[152] While he was able to evade S.H.I.E.L.D., Magneto was intercepted by Briar Raleigh, a survivor of one of his many raids against humanity, which claimed her family's lives. Raleigh offered Magneto intel on the S.H.I.E.L.D. task force assigned of capturing him and the whereabouts of the mutant-killers known as the Marauders. This made Magneto accept her as an ally.[153] Demonstrating no mercy, Magneto eliminated the Marauders. He also got hold of the cloning technology Mister Sinister had develop to revive and reprogram the Marauders.[154] In Hong Kong, Magneto found a gladiatorial pit run by criminals where mutants were forced to duel Predators X for sick entertainment. With Raleigh's resources, he dismantled the operation, which used Mutant Growth Hormone.[155] Magneto abducted their scientist in order to perfect his Mutant Growth Hormone formula for his own benefit. During the abduction, the S.H.I.E.L.D. task force commanded by Agent Haines, who hunted Magneto, intercepted him. However, being well informed about their activities, he easily escaped them.[156]
Beating down the Skull
The ruins of Genosha were transformed into a macabre mutant concentration camp by the Red Skull, who had bolstered by the telepathic powers from Charles Xavier's desecrated brain. Magneto infiltrated the installation and take down the devilish villain. However, he was captured by the Red Skull's S-Men.[157] The Red Skull psychically tortured Magneto with visions of Commander Hitzig. Before succumbing to the torment, he was saved by mutant members of the Avengers Unity Squad, which included Rogue and the Scarlet Witch.[158] Enraged by the horrors in the camp, Magneto finished the S-Men in cold blood. His next target was the Red Skull, who was swiftly killed. However, in fact, Magneto simply unleashed the power of Red Onslaught, making the Red Skull more powerful than ever.[159] X-Men and Avengers joined forces to combat the Red Onslaught, who deployed his own variant of Sentinels, created from schemata schemes mentally stolen from Tony Stark to fight super heroes.[160] Not considering Magneto to be a hero, Stark did not include him or any other villains in the Sentinels' programming. As such, Magneto left the battle[161] to recruit an army of super villains to defeat the murder robots and the Red Skull.[162] Having gained advantage, the Scarlet Witch and Doctor Doom performed a spell to invert the moral axis of the Red Skull's mind and restore Xavier. The spell was successful but also affected every combatant in the island, reversing the moral compasses of all those present, including Magneto.[163]
An immediate issue became the villainous nature of the X-Men and the Avengers. As a morally grey character, Magneto aligned himself with Steve Rogers at the Avengers Mansion to revert the crisis with his team of super villains, now remade as heroes.[164] Alongside Quicksilver, Magneto went to Latveria to save Doctor Doom from a vicious Scarlet Witch, since they were crucial in reversing the spell.[165] During the conflict, the Scarlet Witch cast a spell meant for those who shared blood ties with her; to their surprise, Magneto was not affected by it, thus revealing there was no parental relation between him and the Maximoffs.[166] Before the Scarlet Witch could finish Magneto, Doctor Doom returned with the resurrected Doctor Voodoo, to subdue her.[167] The reinversion spell was successfully performed, and Magneto and the other heroes and villains returned to their former personalities.[168]
In order to carry on the legacy of Xavier, Magneto decided to protect the survivors of the Red Skull's camp as the leader of the band of mutant refugees on Genosha.[169] His new situation caught the attention of S.H.I.E.L.D., who attacked him under Haines' leadership. Shockingly, Magneto surrendered to the authorities.[170] With Raleigh's assistance as an infiltrator and the Marauders' brute force, Magneto heavily damaged the Helicarrier he was kept captive from the inside in order delete the agency's files on mutant targets. His power levels were enhanced by Mutant Growth Hormone.[171] Back to Genosha, Magneto was haunted by a ghoulish version of Hitzig, who murdered some of his protégés.[172] When investigating, Magneto realised "Hitzig" was actually a construct, created by a young illusionist girl from Magneto's dark memories. The only way to finish the creature was either destroying the source of his being, Magneto himself, or its creator, the young girl; Magneto chose to sacrifice the innocent girl over sacrifice.[173]
On Genosha, Magneto was approached by Namor, who informed him about the incursions, multiversal events in which two alternate universes collide with each other, having Earth as the point of impact.[174] Magneto made preparations to sacrifice himself to destroy the other Earth, using various methods to enhance his powers, including Mutant Growth Hormone, Hypercortisone-D, and Sugar Man's amplifying technology, even if the dangerous combination meant his end.[175] As his last resort, he had Raleigh contact Polaris, under the false pretense of reestablishing ties with his daughter. When push came to shove, however, he siphoned Polaris' powers to boost his own and repel the other world away, hoping to shoulder the burden alone.[176] Losing control of the immense forces at work, Magneto was destroyed, realizing how his endless war had emptied out his own being.[177] The incursion caused the worlds to collide and destroy the universes.[178] Reality was ultimately restored to life, also returning the victims of the incursions.[179]
Inhumanity[]
At some point, Cyclops' revolutionary ideas sparked a reunion of the entire mutant community. Proud of his accomplishment, Magneto celebrated him and shared how Xavier would have been proud of his actions.[180] However, mutantkind soon faced an enormous threat in the form of the Inhuman Terrigen Mist, which proved to be toxic to their genome, causing the lethal disease M-Pox. Magneto was contacted by Emma Frost in order to organize a counterattack against the Inhumans while attempting to neutralize one of the two active clouds released in the atmosphere.[181] Magneto led a group of radical X-Men to distract and restrain the Inhumans while Frost altered the Terrigen chemistry.[182] They were successful, but that led to retaliation from the Inhumans, who apparently murdered Cyclops as a response. In fact, Cyclops had succumbed to M-Pox before, and Frost illusory maintained his figure.[183] With mutants vulnerable to the second Terrigen cloud, Magneto became despondent while most X-Men retreated to Limbo.[184]
With the rage that had always driven him failing him, Magneto desperately searched for a reason to fight. He found that reason when Archangel fell from the sky, begging for help in ensuring mutantkind's survival. Magneto, being reminded of his purpose, found reason to fight again, and vowed to find others to stand at their side.[185] On his community in the ruins of Genosha, he approached Psylocke in need of an ally. Without her knowledge, however, he also forged other partnerships: namely the Hellfire Club, thanks to Raleigh's connections,[186] and the mercenaries Mystique and Fantomex, who acted on shadow missions for him.[187] In the open, Magneto gathered a team of X-Men willing to do whatever necessary to ensure the survival of the mutant species in face of the disgrace Terrigen had brought upon them.[188]
Magneto leading his own team of militant X-Men
After facing several challenges, Magneto's enterprise eventually fell apart, with his allies gradually going their own paths. Following a war between the X-Men and Inhumans, during which Magneto worked with Emma Frost in secret, Psylocke, the first defector of his team, came back to find Erik in order to kill him, having vowed to put an end to him if he ever did something that she considered could lead mutantkind down a dark path. She succeeded in the mission and left Erik for dead in the Savage Land. However, he was found by Exodus and brought back to life by Elixir.[23]
Mentoring the Time-Displaced X-Men[]
Presumed dead, Magneto approached Jean Grey and convinced her to work in secret with him alongside the other time-displaced X-Men to publicly stand against any threat to Xavier's dream of coexistence between humans and mutants.[189] At his new headquarters on the island nation of Madripoor, Magneto was approached by a Cosmic Cube-altered Captain America who offered him a sovereign, independent country for mutants after Hydra's takeover of the United States of America in exchange for his neutrality in the upcoming conflict. Magneto was also given the decapitated head of the Red Skull as a token of Rogers' sincerity, leading him to ultimately accept the offer, even if he acknowledged it represented making a deal with the devil. Steve admitted Hydra would eventually go to war against the mutants' new nation New Tian as soon as their reign settled in the rest of the States.[190] While still hiding in Madripoor, Magneto ensured the X-Men under his wings helped keep peace in New Tian.[191]
New Tian eventually entered into conflict with Hydra after Emma Frost secured a fragment of a Cosmic Cube desired by Hydra to use it as leverage.[192] When Frost attempted to re-negotiate with Hydra and Rogers refused,[193] Magneto retaliated by launching a full-on assault on Hydra's forces, which unwittingly helped the efforts of the rebellious group known as the Underground to put an end to Hydra's reign.[194]
Magneto faced a challenge on a global scale in the form of a cabal formed by Emma Frost, Havok, Bastion, and Miss Sinister, who intended to artificially make mutants the dominant species using a power-bestowing virus named Mothervine.[195] With most of the young X-Men temporarily lost in space as a consequence of an adventure involving the Starjammers,[196][197][198][199][200] Magneto's resources were stretched thin. Fortunately, Magneto's allies, led by Polaris, rallied together to form a patchwork team of X-Men.[201] When Mothervine was released, Magneto saw his hand forced when he had to kill a group of mutants under Miss Sinister's control in self-defense.[202] This incident pushed Magneto to his emotional brink and, after Mothervine was neutralized,[203] he vowed to once again advance his mutant agenda by any means necessary and to hunt down all those responsible for making him raise his hand against his fellow mutants.[204] Magneto left the young X-Men behind, and set up a new Asteroid M, where he founded a new incarnation of the Brotherhood.[205]
Age of X-Man[]
In the reality created by Nate Grey and a Life Seed, a world where everyone on Earth was a mutant and relationships were strongly discouraged, Magneto was a member of that reality's X-Men team.[206] He lived alone, but in the same housing development as the rest of the team.[207] Magneto and the rest of the X-Men were the primary response team to all matter of worldwide threats and danger, including wildfires and the protection of mutant incubation facilities.[207]
The team soon came into conflict with Murshid En Sabah Nur and his X-Tracts team, revolutionaries who endorsed love, relationships, and community over the state-endorsed "identity, harmony, autonomy". The X-Men were forced to battle and quell the riled crowd around the X-Tracts, with Magneto, Storm, and X-23 experiencing memory flashes from their home reality.[208] Magneto experienced additional flashes, this time of those he erroneously believed to be his deceased children, Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver, through a fissure in the wall of his house. Unbeknownst to him, Storm witnessed the fissure's images and Magneto's emotional breakdown.[208]
After a rescue relief mission in the Bahamas, Storm confronted Magneto at home about what they had seen. Needing telepathic privacy, the two of them moved their conversation into the eye of a storm, discussing their memories and experiences around The Resolution (event which gave all humanity mutant powers). Neither could agree what to do about the situation. X-Man interrupted them soon after, bringing them to another fissure in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. The fissure's images further confirmed the illusion of the current reality, stoking Magneto and Storm's anger and leading them to attack Nate for his deception. With a wave of his hand, though, he banished them back to their homes and erased their memories.[209]
Magneto and the rest of the X-Men were present on Xavier Day a few days later, offering crowd control support. After the celebration went sideways after the arrival of the X-Tracts, Jean was forced to use her telepathy to disperse the crowd, Magneto at her side.[210]
Magneto, Storm, X-23, Nightcrawler, and Nature Girl assembled sometime later with Psylocke to investigate the murder scene of Moneta. Magneto prevailed the group to keep their discovery an internal matter and process through the information in a logical fashion before confronting Nate.[211]
House of X[]
Magneto welcoming the ambassadors
Magneto, Esme and Sophie Cuckoo welcomed a delegation of international ambassadors and representatives to give them a quick tour of Krakoa (showing them the new Jerusalem Habitat) while setting the terms of the new mutant state and its relationship to humanity.[19] Through data stolen from Damage Control, Magneto and Xavier learned of the Orchis Forge (a space station located near the sun), where the humans had created a Mother Mold and were about to activate it. More importantly, Xavier and Magneto believed it would be there that Nimrod would become operational. The duo then tasked Cyclops with assembling a team to destroy the Mother Mold and prevent the creation of Nimrod.[71]
Cyclops' team succeeded in their mission and destroyed the Mother Mold.[212]
Magneto and Xavier
Magneto, along with Xavier and Wolverine, was present when a number of mutants formerly hostile to the X-Men and humanity arrived, led by Apocalypse, who revealed that he had a history with the island of Krakoa. When Magneto asked Apocalypse to submit to all the laws of Krakoa and work in service of mutantkind, Apocalypse agreed, completing the new mutant nation.[213]
Magneto was one of the chosen to take a seat at the Quiet Council of Krakoa, the governing body of Krakoa. During their first meeting they drafted the initial rules of Krakoa and determined the fate of mutant criminal Sabretooth.[40]
Hellfire Gala[]
After the events of the tournament against Amenth and Krakoa's victory, the island of Arakko, Krakoa's twin half and home to millions of mutants, was stranded on Earth, next to Krakoa. Xavier and Magneto met with Isca the Unbeaten, one of the leaders of the Arakkii mutants to discuss how their mutant societies might co-exist. The prospects of finding common ground with the war-like Arakki, who far outnumbered the Krakoans, seemed slim, prompting Magneto to propose a solution; he would gather a group of omega level mutants to terraform Mars, which would become the capital of the solar system and a new home to Arakko, giving mutantkind an advantage over humanity in negotiations with alien civilizations, and solving the incompatibility of the Arakkii with Earth.
Magneto and his omegas, recruited both from Krakoan and Arakkii mutants, succeeded in terraforming the planet and moving the island of Arakko. This was unveiled at the Hellfire Gala, a grand party for both mutants and their human allies and enemies. After the gala, Magneto invited Wanda Maximoff to a private meeting. He told her that no matter what had happened before, he would always be her father. The two shared a loving embrace, and Wanda told him of a plan she had; to cast a spell that would allow for the resurrection of mutants who had died before Cerebro could create a backup of their consciousness. This required that she herself die and go through the resurrection process, and she asked Magneto to kill her and ensure she be brought back. Magneto was at first reluctant but decided to honor his daughter's wishes.[214]
Magneto quickly became the main suspect in her murder and attempted to buy time for Wanda to be resurrected, resulting in him fighting both his accusers and the Avengers, who had come to collect Wanda's body.[215]
Wanda was indeed resurrected, though with most of her memories missing. Shortly afterwards, Krakoa was attacked by three indestructible kaiju conjured by Wanda's subconscious. Wanda's spirit eventually managed to find its way back to her body, restoring her memories and ending the threat of the kaiju. She proceeded to cast her spell as planned, allowing 20 million mutants to be added to the resurrection queue.[214]
Inferno[]
Xavier and Magneto visited Moira in her No-Space to discuss recent events such as their attempts to destroy Orchis, some odd uses of the gates leading to Muir Island they believed were Moira, and the fact that Mystique was still expecting them to resurrect Destiny. As Moira stressed that Destiny, and other precogs, could not be resurrected as they would learn the truth; that mutantkind had thus far always lost its battle for survival, they concluded that Mystique would have to be removed from the Quiet Council.
The next day they tried to convince the council to vote to remove her but before they could she hijacked the meeting and revealed she had Destiny resurrected behind their backs and nominated her to fill one of the vacant seat in the council, left by Apocalypse.[216] Having already gotten to most of the council Mystique easily got Destiny voted in, foiling their plan to remove her. Realizing Mystique and Destiny were close to destroying everything they'd built and unwilling to solve the problem by breaking Krakoa's laws, he, Charles, and Moira decided they needed to bring another council member in on their secret plans and it needed to be someone they could trust who understood the gravity of the situation. They decided on Emma Frost so they invited her to a meeting at The Louvre where Moira revealed herself to still be alive to Emma. They had Emma read Moira's mind, so she knew exactly what was happening but upon doing so she was so disgusted that the three of them had been lying to everyone the whole time that she left without hearing them out. The next day they decided to put Colossus on the council in Jean's place.[217]
During a discussion with Xavier, Magneto noted that they were losing control of mutantkind, and that their conflict with humanity could not possibly have a peaceful resolution. Their discussion was interrupted as Xavier received a telepathic distress call from Moira. The pair tracked her to an Orchis-node in Terra Verde. Once they arrived, they realized that Moira was nowhere to be found as the arm containing her tracker had been removed and all the Orchis personnel killed. Just as they arrived on the scene, Nimrod and a squadron of Orchis soldiers teleported into the base.[218] A battle soon erupted between Nimrod and Omega Sentinel on one hand, and Magneto and Xavier on the other. They found themselves in a stalemate, as Magneto captured Omega while Nimrod captured Xavier. Fearing that, if they died, they would forget what they had learned, Xavier convinced Magneto to accept Nimrod's offer of stalemate and to release Omega. Nimrod had lied however and immediately killed both of them upon Omega's release.[24]
Upon their resurrection, they awoke to find that Emma Frost had revealed the secret of their plot with Moira, who had secretly been kidnapped and de-powered by Mystique and Destiny, to the rest of the Quiet Council.[24]
Arakko and Death[]
Following the events surrounding Moira's disappearance and eventual betrayal, Magneto chose to resign his position with the Quiet Council and retire to Arakko.[219] After challenging and killing the nefarious Tarn of Arakko's Great Ring, he was given Tarn's Seat of Loss.[220] With two Krakoans in the Great Ring, the other members debated if Krakoans should be allowed to serve at all, for they were effectively immortal thanks to the Resurrection Protocols which went against Arakkii culture. In response, Magneto willingly destroyed his Cerebro backups to oblige to Arakkii customs and declared that he would have no intention of returning should he die.[221]
Soon after, the Eternals led by Prime Eternal Druig launched an assault on the mutants, including Arakko.[222] Druig released the terrifying Eternal Uranos for a single hour to ravage Arakko, preventing them from helping Krakoa. The Great Ring fought back but were overwhelmed. Uranos ripped out Magneto's heart and left Arakko victorious. Magneto, however, survived by using his own powers to pump his blood, albeit on the brink of death.[223] Although Uranos was gone, his machines remained; Storm returned from space and fought side by side with Magneto. The Great Ring, including the newly revealed Night Seat members, banded together to take down Uranos.[224]
Death
Back on Earth, Druig unleashed Uranos once again. Iron Man went to Arakko to seek aid and built a transporter to send them to Uranos.[225] Before Magneto left, he told Legion to protect Arakko from the rest of Uranos' machines.[226] When they came face to face with Uranos, they held him off long enough for Iron Man to hack Uranos' machines, allowing them to use Uranos' own weapons against him. With Uranos defeated, Magneto laid dying in Storm's arms and asked her to look after Charles for him. Even the Progenitor was moved by this and took the form of Magneto's lost daughter Anya to wave him goodbye.[225][227]
Magneto was mourned by Storm, Charles, and Legion.[228] Storm resigned from her Seat of All-Around-Us and took Magneto's place on the Seat of Loss.[227]
Fall of X[]
After his death, Magneto's spirit made its way first to the Waiting Room, and then beyond, to a space of judgement.[229] Here, Magneto was doomed to relive every life lost because of his actions, carved into wall after wall. Drawn to him by a dream, Storm found her way to this realm in order to bring Magneto back to the realm of the living. Magneto first refused, and after being told by Storm of the fall of Krakoa, he angrily lashed out at her. But after she made him look at another wall; one carved with the names of all those he had saved, Magneto found his resolve to live again.[230]
Using a key acquired after saving Prince Namor, Magneto and Storm attempted to leave the land of the dead, only to find themselves in the realm of the Shadow King.[230] The Shadow King attempted to keep them there, taunting Magneto with his past, but together, they were able to fight him and the other beings who lurked there off. Storm was resuscitated by Blue Marvel, while Magneto crossed the gate into the realm of the living, reborn once more.[27]
Magneto would play a major role in the final counterattack on Orchis, helping to finally destroy Nimrod.[231][232]
From the Ashes[]
Months after the end of the war with Orchis, Max would relocate to Alaska to join Cyclops' new X-Men.[233] For an as of yet unknown reason, his physical condition would begin to rapidly deteriorate, with Max losing his powers, the use of his legs, and, seemingly, the effects of his multiple rejuvenations, with Beast implying that he was dying.[234]Personality
Romantic relationships[]
- Magda (married)[30]
- Isabelle (brief relationship)[31]
- Cassandra Michaels (brief relationship)[50]
- Suzanna (brief relationship)[51]
- Wasp (brief relationship)[235]
- Captain Lee Forrester (brief relationship)[236]
- Rogue (brief relationship)[237]
- Briar Raleigh (serious relationship)[172]
Attributes
 |
Powers
Magneto was previously thought of being an Alpha-level mutant,[238] but has been recently confirmed to be Omega-level mutant[19]. He has been stated on several occasions to have been one of the most powerful mutants,[239][240][121][241] he has also been described several times as the most powerful mutant,[242][243][244][240] Earth's most powerful super villain,[15][10] even the single most powerful being on the face of the Earth.[6] He possesses tremendous amounts of power, which is, for all practical purposes, limitless.[245] The upper limits of Magneto's power can't be surpassed in any measurable fashion.[19]
The Master of Magnetism
Magnetism Manipulation: Magneto has comprehensive control over all forms of magnetism and utilizes that control to manipulate any metal and achieve a variety of effects.[246] He recently proved able to effectively hold together the headless form of a Celestial.[247] Magneto can manipulate an entire planet's electromagnetic field and once even pulled back the giant metallic 'bullet' where Kitty Pryde was trapped inside, which was at least a few light-years away from Earth,[248] though these are tasks that require great effort on his part. Magneto's power is comparable with Phoenix's,[249] he has harnessed magnetism to stop armies, raise islands from ocean floors, move mountains, change the course of rivers, and threaten to devastate the world with floods and earthquakes. Magneto once blanketed the entire globe with a self-generated electromagnetic pulse that caused widespread devastation. Moreover, he can use his magnetic powers in more than one way simultaneously. He can completely assemble a complicated machine within seconds through his powers. It is unclear whether Magneto's power is psionic or purely physiological in nature.
- Force Field: Magneto can create magnetic force field around himself to protect from enemy's attacks. These barriers are generally invisible, but he almost always has them active even when out of combat.[111] Magneto is able to create force field to protect him against the might of superhuman combatants, such as Thor with Mjolnir,[55] Hercules,[69] or Spider-Man empowered by Uni-Power.[250] In one occasion it was able to stand the combined blows of Thor and She-Hulk at the same time.[94] Magneto's shields are able to withstand the detonation of severe nuclear warhead at ground zero.[94][112][251] He was able to create a barriers strong enough to withstand the energy blast from Cyclops,[15][29][112][121][252][253][254][255] Spider-Man empowered by Uni-Power,[250] Havok,[256][160][201] Iron Man,[257][258][142][168] Dr. Doom,[259] and it was able to block a energy blast from the Russian cannon - designed to punch through planets.[113][260] He can also block a blast from a wilder and barbaric Phoenix.[261] His force-field can protect him from extreme heat like lava,[262][263] fire of Human Torch,[264] thermal blast,[111] not even Ghost Rider hellfire can't,[69] and also blocked hotter-than-the-Sun plasma rounds.[265] Magneto can even travel in space in a 'bubble' of breathable air maintained by a constant surrounding force field.[266][112][115][267][268]
- Magnetic Armor: In addition to the obvious external force fields, Magneto can reinforce the metallic fibers of his uniform with magnetic fields, making his clothing like armor with a durability approaching adamantium.[113] With this ability, he can resist punches from opponents such as Namor or Colossus and remain conscious.[269][270]
- Magnetic Rays: Magneto has the ability to shoot powerful rays and electromagnetic pulses and has shown this ability to destroy both metallic and nonmetallic objects. Magneto can also use this ability to seriously injure his enemies as he did with Storm.[29] He also one-shotted Iron Man, destroyed a mountain, and cracked Holocaust's armor
- Magnetic Flight: Magneto is capable of sustaining flight for very long distances and at varying speeds. Apocalypse, through attempting to replicate Magneto's power in Mystique, mentions Magneto interfaces with magnetic field lines in his immediate surroundings rather than along it. This was later confirmed by Beast and later Sinister who formed a temporary alliance to snap Mystique out of Apocalypse's influence. However, in order to travel in space, Magneto requires and is limited by the interior capacity of his force field to breathe.
- Geomagnetic Link: Magneto's X-gene plays an important role in mediating tactile perception to Earth's electromagnetic field. This trait remained even when rendered temporarily powerless by Lilandra. As it is affected, so is he. He knows instinctively all that happens to it.
- Gravity Decrease: Magneto's control over the magnetic and electromagnetic force is so refined that he can shut off gravity within a limited radius of himself by reversing the polarity of the earth's own magnetic field.
- Matter Manipulation: Magneto can perceive and manipulate matter at the sub-atomic level.[249] Magneto also demonstrated the ability to indirectly manipulate non-metallic objects via metal ores they may contain. Magneto is also capable of creating powerful electromagnetic fields capable of moving and manipulating nonmetallic objects, as well as levitating them (he can also do this via force fields). He can even perceive tachyons and a variety of antiparticles.[271]
- Metal Morphing: Magneto displayed the power to physically bond metallic substances to other elements at an atomic level. This newly developed technique allows Magneto to blend alloys to earthen, watery, gaseous and even organic substances. Using such a technique was how he could commandeer the techno-organic physiology of Omega Sentinel with such relative ease.[272]
- Organic Iron Manipulation: Magneto can control the traces of iron within organic matter and can manipulate the iron-enriched blood-flow to one's brain to potentially induce very limited effects. There are only 2.5 grams of iron in the bloodstream of a healthy human body and perhaps a gram at most in the rest of the body. As a reference, a penny weighs 2.5 grams. Magneto has used his magnetic abilities to extract the adamantium bonded to Wolverine's skeletal structure.[115]
- Electromagnetic Sight: By concentrating, Magneto can perceive the world around himself as patterns of magnetic and electrical energy. He can perceive the natural electromagnetic auras given off by living beings.
- Electromagnetic Spectrum Manipulation: Although Magneto's primary power is magnetism, he can also project or manipulate any form of energy within the electromagnetic spectrum, having influences over the other forces, though he prefers magnetism the most. He can potentially shoot and absorb forms of electromagnetic radiation or energy, create intense heat as infrared radiation. The electromagnetic spectrum includes visible light, radio waves, ultraviolet light, gamma rays, and x-rays -- Magneto can project any of these.[citation needed]
- Electricity Generation and Manipulation: Magneto is capable of generating and projecting powerful bolts of electricity, due to his manipulation over the electromagnetic spectrum. He is capable of absorbing bolts of lightning and projecting an electric aura around himself.
- Portal Creation: Through an as of yet unknown application of his powers, Erik can open wormholes between two points in space and time in order to traverse the most impassible of distances almost instantly.[273]
- Light Generation and Manipulation: Erik can manipulate, generate and redirect various fields of light as easily as he can bend metal to his will. Turning Dazzlers' own luminary based powers against her,[274] creating holographic projections cast from over a world away and change laser trajectory.[275][29][177]
- Invisibility: He can become invisible by bending light around himself.[18]
- Dimensional Awareness: Magneto was seen to sense a Dimensional Rift[275] in the middle of a fight with the Immortal Man.
Astral Projection: Magneto has occasionally been said to be able to manifest an astral projection of himself - he was able to interact with Professor X.[56][276]
Telepathic Resistance: Magneto has trained himself extensively for fighting telepaths, and is resistant to telepathic attack, even when unconscious.[255] This training is similar to that given to the X-Men and New Mutants by Professor X, although the effects are further augmented with the aid of his helmet (see below), his strong will, and his own electromagnetic powers.Abilities
Genius Intelligence: A mastermind, Magneto is a genius in various scientific fields. He is an expert in genetic engineering and mutation. He has created artificial living beings, mutated humans in order to give them superhuman powers, instilled genetic mind-control, created adult clones of human beings, and manipulated the genetic structures of those clones during their development. His discoveries in particle physics would revolutionize the field and place him among the giants of scientific history if they were to be revealed. He has designed magnetically-powered aircraft and spacecraft, space stations, an underground complex said to be a masterpiece of automated technology that would do Tony Stark or Reed Richards proud, complex robots and computers, magnetically-powered generators, and machines capable of nullifying mutant powers within a radius of several miles.[246]
Skilled Combatant: With several decades of fighting experience, Magneto is a skilled fighter. By increasing his physical stats with his powers, he can hold his own against Iron Man and defeat several men unarmed.
Multilingual: Magneto is fluent in English, Arabic, French,[30] German,[1] Hebrew, Polish, Russian,[29] Ukrainian,[277][30] and Yiddish.[278]
Indomitable Will: Magneto will strive to complete his goals, no matter what it takes.Weaknesses
Physical Condition: Magneto's ability to wield his superhuman powers effectively is dependent upon his physical condition. When severely injured, his body is unable to withstand the strain of manipulating magnetic energy. When his powers are not at their peak, he also appears to have greater difficulty utilizing his magnetism for great feats. He is also susceptible to physical and mental fatigue that can ultimately affect his ability to adequately use his powers, especially if he overuses or extends them in a short amount of time.
Headaches: As a side effect of the vast powers Magneto manipulates, he is prone to headaches.[2]
Paraphernalia
Equipment
Magneto's Helmet
Magneto's Helmet: Magneto's helmet is built to shield his mind from psychic probes and manipulation.
Armor: The costume that Magneto wears is a type of armor that he has created through the use of his magnetic powers. The costume is actually an amalgam of various lightweight but highly durable metallic alloys that further protect him from physical injury. He can also use different metals surrounding him to enhance his armor, making it as strong as Tony Stark's Iron Man Armor.[142]Weapons
Transportation
Notes
- Magneto's magnetism is so strong that he was able to bend the adamantium in Wolverine's skeleton and remove it from his body.[115]
- Magneto has a propensity for mental illness and depression. Magneto has suffered repeated episodes of mental illness, mental breakdowns, and mania. These literal "bipolar" tendencies were once diagnosed by Moira MacTaggert as possibly being a natural side effect of his powers, which she tried to correct him of when he was reduced to an infant in her care.[113]
- Despite being a teenager during the Holocaust, due to being de-aged to a baby and re-aged to his prime as well as later rejuvenated by the High Evolutionary, Magneto has the body of a man in his prime.[66][53][280]
- When not wearing his helmet, Magneto has recently began wearing a kippah.[281]
Trivia
- Magneto's surname, "Eisenhardt," translates to "As strong as Iron" in German. Additionally, the meaning behind his first name, "Max," translates to "Greatest" in Latin. The name was derived from Maximilian, a Latin name that originated from the Roman family name Maximus.
- After Magneto was believed dead in the Genoshan holocaust, he became a popular t-shirt logo and graffiti image.[123]
- The DC Comics super-villain Doctor Diehard of The Extremists is based on Magneto.[citation needed]
- A Jack Kirby close up image of Magneto's face was used as source material for Roy Lichtenstein's Image Duplicator (1963).[citation needed]
- While Magneto is Jewish, he maintained a Sinti Romani cover identity as "Erik Lehnsherr" when searching for his wife Magda. This created confusion amongst some readers as to his heritage,[282] until it was authoritatively confirmed that he is Jewish.[1][283][284] It should be noted that this confusion probably stems from a comic book published in the early 1990s which attempted to retcon Magneto into being a Sinti Romani Holocaust survivor, possibly because Marvel was preparing to make Magneto a deadly villain again in the crossover called "Fatal Attractions" and they did not want to draw accusations of anti-Semitism by having one of their main villains be Jewish. This attempted retcon was corrected a few years later when it was revealed that the name "Erik Lehnsherr" and the Sinte ethnicity were part of a cover identity, as mentioned above.
- Magneto's redemption was chronicled in the pages of New Mutants. Uncanny X-Men #150 is the first issue to start developing Magneto's origin as a prisoner of Auschwitz and his marriage to Magda.
- Magneto's Auschwitz tattoo was originally seen as 214782 in Uncanny X-Men #161. However, this was a number too high for him to have been among the first group of prisoners to be tattooed there. The number was retconned in Excalibur (Vol. 3) #2 to 24005, but appeared again as 214782 in X-Men: Black - Magneto #1.
- "Eisenhardt", or rather "eisenhart" means "hard as iron", a convenient name for the Master of Magnetism. It can be pronounced as "ice 'n' heart".
- Magneto's pseudonym "Lehnsherr" is often pronounced incorrectly as "Lanshir". Actually the name is composed of two German words: "Leh(e)n" meaning "feud" and "Herr" meaning "master" in that instance. In German 's' is a connective between two combined words sometimes. It could be pronounced as "lens hair" ("e" like in "help" but longer).[285] It's the German word for "liege lord".
- Magneto was ranked 1st on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Villains in 2011.[citation needed]
- The album Venus and Mars by Wings included a song about superheroes called "Magneto and Titanium Man". Paul McCartney was said to have toured the Marvel offices soon after the album came out in the Bullpen Bulletins and it was claimed that he was a fan of Marvel Comics. The song referenced the names of two other Marvel villains (Titanium Man and the Crimson Dynamo). Another song to feature Magneto is the Tearjerkers' "Comic Book Heroes" from the various artists' compilation Through the Back Door, in which some of the lyrics were "Doc Ock, Von Doom and Magneto, don't wanna be like them."
- "Magneto" was a song by the post-hardcore band Brigade, fronted by Charlie Simpson's brother Will.[citation needed]
- Magneto maintains an archive containing names and images of numerous mutants violently killed.[152]
- For much of the original appearance of the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants, its members kept referring to him as "the Leader", instead of calling him Magneto.[10]
- Magneto has claimed to be able to sense the greed and envy of a man's heart, even when meeting this man for the first time. He finds it easy to manipulate others through these qualities.[56]
- Despite his religious Jewish upbringing, Magneto became an atheist due to his experiences in the camps.[29]
See Also
- 843 appearance(s) of Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 27 appearance(s) in handbook(s) of Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 283 minor appearance(s) of Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 597 mention(s) of Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 24 mention(s) in handbook(s) of Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 1390 image(s) of Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 111 quotation(s) by or about Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 49 victim(s) killed by Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
- 10 item(s) used/owned by Max Eisenhardt (Earth-616)
Links and References
- Max Eisenhardt on Marvel.com
- Max Eisenhardt on Wikipedia.org
- Marvel Directory
- uncannyxmen.net Spotlight On... Magneto
- Alara's Magneto Page
- Metaphilm: The Dark Wisdom of Erik Lehnsherr
- Polar: The History of Magneto
- Magneto is Jewish FAQ
- Magneto and the Sonderkommando
- Wastelander Magneto on Fortnite Wiki
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 X-Men: Magneto Testament #1
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Excalibur (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Uncanny X-Men #161
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 X-Men #63
- ↑ Weapon X (Vol. 2) #23
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 X-Men Unlimited #2
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Uncanny X-Men #350
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 New Mutants #75
- ↑ House of M #2
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 X-Men #4
- ↑ X-Men #141
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #196
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 X-Men #5
- ↑ New Mutants #38
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 X-Men #1
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Magneto (Vol. 3) #1
- ↑ New Mutants #51
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Vision and the Scarlet Witch #4
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 House of X #1
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #11
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #12
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 Uncanny X-Men #203
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 4) #19
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 Inferno (Vol. 2) #4
- ↑ X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #6–7
- ↑ A.X.E.: Judgment Day #3
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Resurrection of Magneto #3
- ↑ X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.6 29.7 Uncanny X-Men #150
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 Classic X-Men #12
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Classic X-Men #19
- ↑ X-Men #112
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #1–3
- ↑ Fatal Attractions
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Magneto War
- ↑ Eve of Destruction
- ↑ New X-Men #114–116
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 Uncanny X-Men #200
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 Uncanny X-Men #515–516
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 House of X #6
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 5) #11
- ↑ X-Men: Magneto Testament #2
- ↑ 43.0 43.1 X-Men: Magneto Testament #3
- ↑ X-Men: Magneto Testament #4
- ↑ All-New Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A to Z #7
- ↑ 46.0 46.1 Excalibur (Vol. 3) #7
- ↑ X-Men: Magneto Testament #5
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #304
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #72
- ↑ 50.0 50.1 Magneto (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 X-Factor #243
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #-1
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 X-Men #104
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 3) #12–15
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 Journey Into Mystery #109
- ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 X-Men #6
- ↑ X-Men #7
- ↑ Amazing Adventures (Vol. 2) #9–10
- ↑ X-Men #11
- ↑ Avengers #16
- ↑ X-Men #18
- ↑ Avengers #53
- ↑ X-Men #62 Vol 1 63
- ↑ Avengers #110–111
- ↑ Defenders #15
- ↑ 66.0 66.1 Defenders #16
- ↑ Captain America Annual #4
- ↑ Super-Villain Team-Up #14
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 69.2 Champions #16
- ↑ X-Men #111–113
- ↑ 71.0 71.1 Powers of X #2
- ↑ Powers of X #4
- ↑ Marvel Graphic Novel #5
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #2
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #1–12
- ↑ New Mutants #21
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #188
- ↑ New Mutants #23
- ↑ New Mutants #28–29
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #199
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #202
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #202–203
- ↑ New Mutants #37–40
- ↑ X-Men Annual #10
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #210
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #211
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #211–212
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #219
- ↑ Fantastic Four vs. the X-Men #1
- ↑ Fantastic Four vs. the X-Men #2
- ↑ Fantastic Four vs. the X-Men #3
- ↑ Fantastic Four vs. the X-Men #4
- ↑ X-Men vs Avengers #1
- ↑ 94.0 94.1 94.2 X-Men vs Avengers #2
- ↑ X-Men vs Avengers #3
- ↑ 96.0 96.1 X-Men vs Avengers #4
- ↑ New Mutants #50–52
- ↑ New Mutants #46
- ↑ Fallen Angels #1
- ↑ New Mutants #53–54
- ↑ New Mutants #56
- ↑ New Mutants #57
- ↑ New Mutants #59
- ↑ New Mutants #60–61
- ↑ New Mutants #64
- ↑ New Mutants Annual #4
- ↑ New Mutants #67–70
- ↑ New Mutants #73
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #253
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #273–275
- ↑ 111.0 111.1 111.2 Captain America #367
- ↑ 112.0 112.1 112.2 112.3 112.4 X-Men (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ 113.0 113.1 113.2 113.3 X-Men (Vol. 2) #2
- ↑ Powers of X #6
- ↑ 115.0 115.1 115.2 115.3 X-Men (Vol. 2) #25
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #42–43
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #327
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #72–73
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #87
- ↑ Magneto: Dark Seduction #1–4
- ↑ 121.0 121.1 121.2 X-Men (Vol. 2) #113
- ↑ New X-Men #132
- ↑ 123.0 123.1 New X-Men #135
- ↑ Excalibur (Vol. 3) #1
- ↑ House of M #1
- ↑ 126.0 126.1 126.2 House of M #8
- ↑ House of M #2–8
- ↑ Son of M #5
- ↑ New Avengers #20
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #487
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #491
- ↑ X-Men: Legacy #208–210
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #500
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #507
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #516
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #520–522
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #534.1
- ↑ Magneto: Not a Hero #1
- ↑ Magneto: Not a Hero #2
- ↑ Magneto: Not a Hero #3
- ↑ Magneto: Not a Hero #4
- ↑ 142.0 142.1 142.2 AVX: Vs #1
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 2) #13
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #11–12
- ↑ AVX: Consequences #2–3
- ↑ AVX: Consequences #4–5
- ↑ All-New X-Men #1–5
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 3) #1–3
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 3) #16
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #3
- ↑ 152.0 152.1 Magneto (Vol. 3) #4
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #5
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #6
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #7
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #8
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #9
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #10
- ↑ Uncanny Avengers #25
- ↑ 160.0 160.1 Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #1
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #2
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #11
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #3
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #5
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #6
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #7
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #8
- ↑ 168.0 168.1 Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #9
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #12
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #14
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #15
- ↑ 172.0 172.1 Magneto (Vol. 3) #16
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #17
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #18
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #19
- ↑ Magneto (Vol. 3) #20
- ↑ 177.0 177.1 Magneto (Vol. 3) #21
- ↑ Secret Wars #1
- ↑ Secret Wars #9
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #600
- ↑ Death of X #2
- ↑ Death of X #3
- ↑ Death of X #4
- ↑ Inhumans vs. X-Men #0
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 4) #7
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 4) #12
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 4) #2
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 4) #1
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #1–2
- ↑ Captain America: Steve Rogers #17
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #7–9
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 8) #25
- ↑ Secret Empire #8
- ↑ Secret Empire #9
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #23
- ↑ X-Men: Blue Annual #1
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #21
- ↑ Venom #162
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #22
- ↑ Venom #163
- ↑ 201.0 201.1 X-Men: Blue #25
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #27
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #28
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #30
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #34
- ↑ Age of X-Man Alpha #1
- ↑ 207.0 207.1 Age of X-Man: The Marvelous X-Men #1
- ↑ 208.0 208.1 Age of X-Man: The Marvelous X-Men #2
- ↑ Age of X-Man: The Marvelous X-Men #3
- ↑ Age of X-Man: The Marvelous X-Men #4
- ↑ Age of X-Man: The Marvelous X-Men #5
- ↑ House of X #4
- ↑ House of X #5
- ↑ 214.0 214.1 X-Men: The Trial of Magneto #5
- ↑ X-Men: The Trial of Magneto #1
- ↑ Inferno (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ Inferno (Vol. 2) #2
- ↑ Inferno (Vol. 2) #3
- ↑ Immortal X-Men #1
- ↑ X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #3
- ↑ X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #4
- ↑ A.X.E.: Judgment Day #1
- ↑ X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #5
- ↑ X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #6
- ↑ 225.0 225.1 A.X.E.: Judgment Day #4
- ↑ Legion of X #6
- ↑ 227.0 227.1 X-Men: Red (Vol. 2) #7
- ↑ Legion of X #7
- ↑ Resurrection of Magneto #1
- ↑ 230.0 230.1 Resurrection of Magneto #2
- ↑ Invincible Iron Man (Vol. 5) #18
- ↑ Fall of the House of X #5
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 7) #1
- ↑ X-Men: From the Ashes Infinity Comic #13–14
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #3
- ↑ New Mutants #26
- ↑ X-Men: Legacy #249
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #97
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #392
- ↑ 240.0 240.1 X-Men (Vol. 2) #112
- ↑ X-Men: Prelude to Schism #3
- ↑ Official Marvel Index to the X-Men #6
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #368
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #110
- ↑ Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: X-Men 2005 #1
- ↑ 246.0 246.1 X-Men: Earth's Mutant Heroes #1
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 2) #2
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #521
- ↑ 249.0 249.1 Classic X-Men #18
- ↑ 250.0 250.1 Amazing Spider-Man #327
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #86
- ↑ Avengers: The Children's Crusade #7
- ↑ X-Men: Prelude to Schism #2
- ↑ X-Men: Blue #2
- ↑ 255.0 255.1 X-Men: The Trial of Magneto #2
- ↑ X-Men: The Hidden Years #12
- ↑ Avengers: The Children's Crusade #2
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #2
- ↑ Avengers: The Children's Crusade #4
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 2) #3
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #113
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #112
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #274
- ↑ Avengers West Coast #57
- ↑ Uncanny X-Force #5.1
- ↑ Marvel Fact Files #31
- ↑ X-Men: Children of the Atom #6
- ↑ S.W.O.R.D. (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ X-Men #113
- ↑ New Mutants #40
- ↑ Avengers Academy #22
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #464–465
- ↑ Excalibur (Vol. 3) #8
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #393
- ↑ 275.0 275.1 Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 2) #6
- ↑ X-Men The Hidden Years #4
- ↑ Magneto #0
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #522 The (Yiddish) words used are a bit unclear, but this is most likely a minor mistake by the writer.
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men (Vol. 3) #22
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #511
- ↑ X-Men: From the Ashes Infinity Comic #13
- ↑ The Religious Affiliation of Comic Book Character Erik Magnus Lehnsherr – Magneto. URL last checked 2007-09-12.
- ↑ Protocols of the Elders of Marvel
- ↑ , New Joe Fridays Week 28
- ↑ http://erik-charles.livejournal.com/946239.html
- ↑ X-Men: Earth's Mutant Heroes #1
- ↑ X-Men: Earth's Mutant Heroes Vol 1 1