Daular Kanem-Bornu
 Daular Kanem-Bornu | |||||
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| Wuri | |||||
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| Babban birni | Njimi | ||||
| Yawan mutane | |||||
| Harshen gwamnati | harsunan sahara | ||||
| Bayanan tarihi | |||||
| Mabiyi |
Kanem Empire (en)  | ||||
| Ƙirƙira | 11 century | ||||
| Rushewa | 22 ga Afirilu, 1900 | ||||
Daular Kanem–Bornu ta kasance daula ce data taka kasancewa wurin da a inda ayau nan ne kasar Cadi da Nijeriya. Masanan kasashe larabawa suna kiran daular da Kanem Empire daga karni na 9th har zuwa sanda takasance daular musulunci Bornu (Daular Bornu) a Shekarar 1900. Kanem Empire CE tun daga shekara ta (c. 700 zuwa 1380) takasance ne kasashen Chad, Nigeria da Libya.[1] A matukar girmar daular ta tattara kasashe ba kawai daukacin kasar Chad ba, takai har zuwa kudancin kasar Libya (Fezzan) da gabashin Nijar, arewa maso gabas din Nigeria da arewacin kamerun. A yayin da Daular Bornu take a shekara ta (1380s zuwa 1893) takasance a inda ake kira ayau arewa maso gabashin Nigeria, wanda tacigaba da girma fiye da daular Kanem, ta tattari kasashen da ayau sune ko kuma suke daga cikin kasashe kamar Chad, Nijar, Sudan, da Cameroon; an samar da’ita daga shekara ta 1380s zuwa shekarar 1893. Farkon tarihin daular an santa ne da jerin masu sarautar ko Girgam matafiyin bincike dan kasar jamus wato Heinrich Barth wanda aka gano a shekarar 1851.
Nazari akan Kafuwar Daular
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kanem takasance a kudancin dake yankin kasuwanci da ake kira wato trans-Saharan trade dake tsakanin garin Tripoli da kuma yankin tabkin Cadi. Baccin mutanen biranen kasar kawai ta tattari harda wasu kungiyoyin al'ummu makiyaya masu amfani da harsuna kamar harshen Teda–harshen Daza (Toubou).
Kafuwar yankin daga Yan'cirani c. 600 BC
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yadda aka Samu Kanem nada rudani. Wasu tsoffin tarihai sun danganta samuwar Kanem-Bornu da kifewar daular Assyrian Empire c. 600 BC har zuwa arewa maso gabashin tabkin Cadi.[2] amma sai dai nazarcen zamani na goyon bayan cewar samuwar yankin yafi kusanci da shigowar yanciranin.[3]
Samuwar ta daga yan Kanembu (Dugua) c. 700 AD
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Daga wani nazarin daya karbu, ansamu cewar masarautar tafara kafuwa ne a shekara ta 700 AD a karkashin makiyayan masu amfani da harshen Tebu-Kanembu. Ance mutanen Kanembu an tursasa sune sukabar yankunansu har zuwa kasar noma dake yankin kudu maso yammacin tabkin Chadi daga matsin siyasa da desiccation a tsohuwar mazauninsu, yankin nada yancin kanta tun asali, walled city-states belonging to the Sao culture. A karkashin mulkin Duguwa dynasty, Kanembu sun mamaye Sao, bawai bayan sun dauki aladun matanen ba.[4] ancigaba da gwabza yaki tsakanin su har zuwa karshen karni na goma sha shida (16th).
Samuwar Agisymba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani nazarin ya nuna cewar batacciyar kasar Agisymba wanda (Ptolemy ya ambata tun a tsakiyar karni na biyu (2nd) AD) itama mafiriyar daular Kanem din ce.[5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Kanem-Bornu". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
- ↑ Lange, Dierk. Founding of Kanem, 31–38.
- ↑ An overview of these discussions are gathered in the web page of the German scholar Dierk Lange, author of this theory: Reviews of Dierk Lange – Ancient Kingdoms of West Africa
- ↑ Urvoy, Empire, 3–35; Trimingham, History, 104–111.
- ↑ "The Mune as the Ark of the Covenant between Duguwa (Kanembu) and Sefuwa (Kanembu - Mayi)" Borno Museum Society Newsletter 66–67 (2006), 15–25. (The article has a map (page 6) of the ancient Central Sahara and proposes to identify Agisymba of 100 CE with the early Kanem state).