-ra

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ra"

Basque

Alternative forms

• -era (after consonants)

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Suffix

-ra

1. Allative singular suffix.

   ‎ibai (“river”) + ‎-ra → ‎ibaira (“to the river”)

2. [with verbal noun] in order to

Declension

Basque inflectional suffixes
		indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive		-∅	-a	-ak	-ok
ergative		-(e)k	-ak	-ek
dative		-(r)i	-ari	-ei	-oi
genitive		-(r)en	-aren	-en	-on
comitative		-(r)ekin	-arekin	-ekin	-okin
causative		-(r)engatik	-arengatik	-engatik	-ongatik
benefactive		-(r)entzat	-arentzat	-entzat	-ontzat
instrumental		-(e)z	-az	-ez	-oz
inessive	anim.	-(r)engan	-arengan	-engan	-ongan
	inanim.	-(e)tan	-an	-etan	-otan
locative	anim.	―	―	―	―
	inanim.	-(e)tako	-(e)ko	-etako	-otako
allative	anim.	-(r)engana	-arengana	-engana	-ongana
	inanim.	-(e)tara	-(e)ra	-etara	-otara
terminative	anim.	-(r)enganaino	-arenganaino	-enganaino	-onganaino
	inanim.	-(e)taraino	-(e)raino	-etaraino	-otaraino
directive	anim.	-(r)enganantz	-arenganantz	-enganantz	-onganantz
	inanim.	-(e)tarantz	-(e)rantz	-etarantz	-otarantz
destinative	anim.	-(r)enganako	-arenganako	-enganako	-onganako
	inanim.	-(e)tarako	-(e)rako	-etarako	-otarako
ablative	anim.	-(r)engandik	-arengandik	-engandik	-ongandik
	inanim.	-(e)tatik	-(e)tik	-etik	-otik
partitive		-(r)ik	―	―	―
prolative		-tzat	―	―	―

Derived terms

Basque terms suffixed with -ra

References

• “-ra” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

Finnish

Alternative forms

• -r

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-ra, from Proto-Finno-Ugric [Term?].

Suffix

-ra (front vowel harmony variant -rä, linguistic notation -rA)

1. Forms nouns or adjectives, mostly from nominal stems.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ra

• -ero
• -re
• -roida

 

Garo

Suffix

-ra

1. used to make suggestions

   Iara?

   What about this?

Hungarian

Pronominal adverbs from case suffixes (cf. postpositions)
ed	suffix	who?	what?	this	that	he/she (it)*
case							v. pr.	c.
nom.	–	ki	mi	ez	az	ő* / -∅ az / -∅	–	–
acc.	-t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt	kit	mit	ezt	azt	őt* / -∅ azt / -∅	–	c1 c2
dat.	-nak / -nek	kinek	minek	ennek	annak	neki	neki-	c
ins.	-val / -vel	kivel	mivel	ezzel/ evvel	azzal/ avval	vele		c
c-f.	-ért	kiért	miért	ezért	azért	érte	–	c
tra.	-vá / -vé	kivé	mivé	ezzé	azzá	–	–	c
ter.	-ig	–	meddig	eddig	addig	–	–	c
e-f.	-ként	(kiként)	(miként)	ekként	akként	–	–	c
e-m.	-ul / -ül	–	–	–	–	–	–	c
ine.	-ban / -ben	kiben	miben	ebben	abban	benne	–	c
sup.	-n/-on/-en/-ön	kin	min	ezen	azon	rajta	(rajta-)	c
ade.	-nál / -nél	kinél	minél	ennél	annál	nála	–	c
ill.	-ba / -be	kibe	mibe	ebbe	abba	bele	bele-	c
sub.	-ra / -re	kire	mire	erre	arra	rá	rá-	c
all.	-hoz/-hez/-höz	kihez	mihez	ehhez	ahhoz	hozzá	hozzá-	c
el.	-ból / -ből	kiből	miből	ebből	abból	belőle	–	c
del.	-ról / -ről	kiről	miről	erről	arról	róla	–	c
abl.	-tól / -től	kitől	mitől	ettől	attól	tőle	–	c
*: Ő and őt refer to human beings; the forms below them might be construed likewise. – Forms in parentheses are uncommon. All »

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rɒ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -rɒ

Suffix

-ra/-re (sublative case suffix)

1. (of place) onto, on

   asztal (“table”) → Tedd az asztalra. ― Put it on the table.

2. (of time) for, by

   pillanat (“moment”) → egy pillanatra ― for a moment

   szerda (“Wednesday”) → Kész lesz szerdára? ― Will it be ready by Wednesday?

Usage notes

• (sublative case suffix) Variants:

  -ra is added to back-vowel words. Final -a changes to -á-.

  pad (“bench”) → Leültem egy padra. ― I sat down on a bench.

  alma (“apple”) → Allergiás vagyok az almára. ― I am allergic to apples.

  -re is added to front-vowel words. Final -e changes to -é-.

  szék (“chair”) → Leültem egy székre. ― I sat down on a chair.

  béke (“peace”) → Mindenki békére vágyik. ― Everyone longs for peace.

   Hungarian case suffixes

Case	Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	Front vowel
		unrounded e, é, i, í	rounded ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative	—
accusative	-t
	-ot / -at	-et	-öt
dative	-nak	-nek
instrumental	-val	-vel
causal-final	-ért
translative	-vá	-vé
terminative	-ig
essive-formal	-ként
essive-modal	-ul	-ül
inessive	-ban	-ben
superessive	-n
	-on	-en	-ön
adessive	-nál	-nél
illative	-ba	-be
sublative	-ra	-re
allative	-hoz	-hez	-höz
elative	-ból	-ből
delative	-ról	-ről
ablative	-tól	-től
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként.     alma — almában, but almaként     zene ― zenében, but zeneként

See also

• rá
• Category:Hungarian terms taking -ra/-re
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Irish

Alternative forms

• -radh (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old Irish -rad.

Suffix

-ra m

1. Collective suffix, attached to nouns or adjectives, used to form nouns: -ry, -y

   ‎milseog (“dessert”) + ‎-ra → ‎milseogra (“confectionery”)

   ‎glas (“green”) + ‎-ra → ‎glasra (“vegetable; originally “greenery”)

Declension

Declension of -ra (fourth declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative -ra -raí vocative a -ra a -raí genitive -ra -raí dative -ra -raí forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an -ra na -raí genitive an -ra na -raí dative leis an -ra don -ra leis na -raí

Derived terms

Irish terms suffixed with -ra

Japanese

Romanization

-ra

1. Rōmaji transcription of ら

Mayo

Suffix

-ra

1. Suffix forming adjectives from nouns.

   ‎cobba (“head”) + ‎-ra → ‎cóbaꞌara (“big-headed”)

Derived terms

Mayo terms suffixed with -ra

References

• Collard, Howard, Collard, Elisabeth Scott (1984) Castellano-mayo, mayo-castellano (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 6)‎^[1] (in Spanish), third edition, México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 203

Murui Huitoto

Etymology

From raa (“thing”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-ɾa]

Classifier

-ra

1. Classifier for inanimate objects.

Derived terms

Murui Huitoto terms suffixed with -ra

References

• Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎^[2] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 208
• Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎^[3], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 83

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *iʀō, *-ōʀō, from Proto-Germanic *-izô or Proto-Germanic *-ōzô

Suffix

-ra

1. Used to form the comparative degree of adjectives

   ‎strang (“strong”) + ‎-ra → ‎strengra (“stronger”)

Descendants

• Middle English: -ere

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ra

1. Used to form the genitive plural of adjectives

   ‎strang (“strong”) + ‎-ra → ‎strangra (“of the strong (ones)”)

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ra/

Suffix

-ra f

1. nominal suffix

Usage notes

• This suffix is only used for one word: kostra, hence the genitive plural form -or, the dative plural form -ram and the locative plural form -rach are hypothetical.

Declension

Declension of -ra

	singular	plural
nominative	-ra	-ry
genitive	-ry	-ier, -or
dative	-re	-rám, -ram
accusative	-ru	-ry
locative	-re	-rách, -rach
instrumental	-rou	-rami

Derived terms

Slovak terms suffixed with -ra