-ról
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "rol"
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Uralic *roγ- (“nearness”) or Proto-Ugric *raŋɜ (“surface”) + -l (archaic ablative case suffix) formed the suffixed nominal *roγol. This turned into a postposition during the ancient Hungarian era. The γ inside the word was dropped and the shortened ról lost its independent role and became a case suffix. Its harmonic variant -ről appeared in the early Old Hungarian era.[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-ról/-ről (delative case suffix)
- (of place) from
- Magyarországról kaptam egy levelet. ― I received a letter from Hungary.
- Leesett a lóról. ― He/she fell from the horse.
- (of place) off
- Levettem a poharat az asztalról. ― I took the glass off the table.
- Leszálltak a vonatról. ― They got off the train.
- (of time) from
- napról napra ― from day to day
- of, about, on
- Sokszor beszél a családjáról. ― He often talks about his family.
Usage notes
[edit]- (delative case suffix) Variants:
Hungarian case suffixes
Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú |
Front vowel | |
---|---|---|---|
unrounded e, é, i, í |
rounded ö, ő, ü, ű | ||
nominative | — | ||
accusative | -t | ||
-ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
dative | -nak | -nek | |
instrumental | -val | -vel | |
causal-final | -ért | ||
translative | -vá | -vé | |
terminative | -ig | ||
essive-formal | -ként | ||
essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
inessive | -ban | -ben | |
superessive | -n | ||
-on | -en | -ön | |
adessive | -nál | -nél | |
illative | -ba | -be | |
sublative | -ra | -re | |
allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
elative | -ból | -ből | |
delative | -ról | -ről | |
ablative | -tól | -től | |
Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma — almában, but almaként zene ― zenében, but zeneként |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Entry #1836 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ -ról in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Categories:
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Ugric
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/oːl
- Rhymes:Hungarian/oːl/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian suffixes
- Hungarian case suffixes
- Hungarian terms with usage examples