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==English==
==English==
{{slim-wikipedia|Perfect (disambiguation)}}
[[File:Disc Plain black.svg|thumb|250px|upright|This can be perceived by the human eye as a perfect circle (i.e. completely round, without imperfections) and perfectly black (i.e. without reflecting any light).]]


===Alternative forms===
{{rank|sister|occasion|enemy|729|perfect|bright|scarcely|Paris}}
* {{alter|en|perfite|perfight||obsolete}}
* {{alter|en|pf.||abbreviation|grammar}}
* {{alter|en|poifect||humorous|pronunciation spelling}}

===Etymology 1===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-}}
From {{inh|en|enm|perfit}}, from {{der|en|fro|parfit}} (modern: {{m|fr|parfait}}), from {{der|en|la|perfectus}}, perfect passive participle of {{m|la|[[perficio|perficere]]||to finish}}, from {{m|la|per-||through, thorough}} + {{m|la|[[facio|facere]]||to do, to make}}. Spelling modified 15c. to conform to Latin etymology. {{doublet|en|parfait}}.

Displaced native {{ncog|ang|fulfremed}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpɜːfɪkt/|/-fɛkt/|a=RP}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpɝfɪkt/|a=GA}}
* {{audio|en|En-us-perfect-adj.ogg|a=GA}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɜː(ɹ)fɪkt|ɜː(ɹ)fɛkt|s=2}}
* {{homophone|en|purrfect}}
* {{hyphenation|en|per|fect}}

====Adjective====
{{en-adj|er|more}}

# Fitting its definition [[precisely]].
#: {{ux|en|a '''perfect''' circle}}
# Having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose.
#: {{ux|en|That bucket with the hole in the bottom is a poor bucket, but it is '''perfect''' for watering plants.}}
# Without [[fault]] or [[mistake]]; without [[flaw]], of [[supreme]] quality.
#: {{ux|en|The gymnast performed a '''perfect''' somersault.}}
#: {{ux|en|I think I'm in love—I can't stop thinking about her. She's '''perfect'''!}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1787|author=w:Gouverneur Morris|url={{fullurl:s:en:Constitution_of_the_United_States_of_America#Preamble}}|title=w:Preamble to the United States Constitution|passage=We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more '''perfect''' Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.}}
## {{lb|en|of a [[copy]]}} [[exact|Exact]], correctly reflecting the original in all aspects.
##: {{ux|en|The expert forger made a '''perfect''' copy of the victim's driver's license}}
## {{lb|en|of an [[actor]]}} Having thoroughly learned or memorized a [[part]].
## {{lb|en|obsolete|_|outside set of phrases|of a person}} Having thoroughly learned or memorized a [[lesson]]; ''of a lesson'': having been thoroughly learned or memorized.
##: {{ux|en|Practice makes '''perfect'''.}}
##: {{ux|en|[[word-'''perfect''']], [[letter-'''perfect''']]}}
## {{lb|en|obsolete}} Fully [[trained]] or very [[knowledgeable]]; highly [[skilled]]
##* {{RQ:Shakespeare Henry 4-2|4|1|lines=152–154|passage=Our Battaile is more full of Names then yours, / Our Men more '''perfect''' in the vse of Armes, / Our Armor all as strong, our Cause the best}}
# Excellent and delightful in all respects.
#: {{ux|en|a '''perfect''' day}}
#* {{RQ:Tennyson In Memoriam|XXIV|41|And was the day of my delight<br>⁠As pure and '''perfect''' as I say?<br>⁠The very source and fount of Day<br>Is dash’d with wandering isles of night.}}
#* {{RQ:Jefferies Amateur Poacher|chapter=1|passage=They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so '''perfect'''. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.}}
# Morally or spiritually [[immaculate]] or [[ideal]].
#* {{RQ:KJV|Psalms|37|37|text=Marke the '''perfect''' man, and behold the upright: for the end of that man is peace}}
# {{lb|en|grammar|of a tense or verb form}} Representing a completed action.
# {{lb|en|biology}} Sexually mature and fully differentiated.
# {{lb|en|botany|of [[flower]]s}} Having both male parts ([[stamen]]s) and female parts ([[carpel]]s).
# {{lb|en|mathematics|of a number}} Equal to the [[sum]] of its [[proper]] [[divisor]]s.
#: {{ux|en|6 is '''perfect''' because the sum of its proper divisors, 1, 2, and 3, which is 6, is equal to the number itself.}}
# {{lb|en|analysis|of a [[set]]}} Equal to its set of limit points, i.e. set <math>A</math> is perfect if <math>A =A'</math>.
# {{lb|en|music}} Describing an [[interval]] or any [[compound interval]] of a [[unison]], [[octave]], or [[fourth]]s and [[fifth]]s that are not [[tritone]]s.
#: {{cot|en|augmented|diminished}}
#: {{co|en|[[perfect fifth|'''perfect''' fifth]]}}
# {{lb|en|of a [[cocktail]]}} Made with equal parts of [[sweet]] and [[dry]] [[vermouth]].
#: {{ux|en|a '''perfect''' Manhattan}}
#: {{ux|en|a '''perfect''' Rob Roy}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} Well informed; [[certain]]; [[sure]].
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Cymbeline|3|1|passage=I am '''perfect''' that the Pannonians and Dalmatians for their liberties are now in arms.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} {{cap|innocent}}, [[guiltless]]; without [[blemish]].
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Cymbeline|3|3|passage=My fault being nothing—as I have told you oft— / But that two villains, whose false oaths prevail'd / Before my '''perfect''' honour, swore to Cymbeline / I was confederate with the Romans: so / Follow'd my banishment}}
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Othello|1|2|passage=My parts, my title, and my '''perfect''' soul shall manifest me rightly.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} {{cap|sane}}, of sound mind.
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare King Lear|4|7|passage=Pray, do not mock me. / I am a very foolish fond old man, / Fourscore and upward, not an hour more nor less / And, to deal plainly, / I fear I am not in my '''perfect''' mind.}}

=====Usage notes=====
* Some authorities proscribe the comparative and superlative forms "''more perfect''" and "''most perfect''", on the grounds that [[perfection]] is an absolute state.<ref>'''2004''', Ann Batko, Edward Rosenheim, ''When Bad Grammar Happens to Good People: How to Avoid Common Errors in English'', Career Press {{ISBN|9781564147226}}, page 136</ref><ref>'''1843''', Roswell Chamberlain Smith, ''Smith's New Grammar'', page 144</ref><ref>'''2015''', Stephen Spector, ''May I Quote You on That?: A Guide to Grammar and Usage'', Oxford University Press {{ISBN|9780190215293}}, page 161</ref> Nevertheless, graded forms have been in common use in writing for centuries – for instance the [[w:Preamble to the United States Constitution|Preamble to the United States Constitution]], drafted in 1787, describes its goal as "a more '''perfect''' Union". In these cases, "more perfect" can mean "closer to perfection", "less [[imperfect]]" or "improving upon an already perfect state".

=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|fitting its definition precisely}} {{l|en|accurate}}, {{l|en|flawless}}
* {{sense|without fault or mistake}} {{l|en|faultless}}, {{l|en|infallible}}
* {{sense|thoroughly skilled or talented}} {{l|en|expert}}, {{l|en|proficient}}
* {{sense|biology: sexually mature and fully differentiated}} {{l|en|mature}}
* {{sense|botany: having both male and female parts}} {{l|en|bisexual}}, {{l|en|hermaphroditic}}
<!--* [[parfit]] <! --archaic or obsolete-- > -->
* See also [[Thesaurus:flawless]]

=====Antonyms=====
* {{antsense|fitting its definition precisely}} {{l|en|flawed}}
* {{antsense|without fault or mistake}} {{l|en|faulty}}, {{l|en|faultful}}, {{l|en|fallible}}
* {{antsense|botany: having both male and female parts}} {{l|en|imperfect}}

=====Hyponyms=====
{{col4|en|future perfect
|past perfect
|pluperfect
|present perfect
}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der4|en|imperfect|most-perfect magic square|perfect cadence
|heptaperfect|perfect all-kill
|letter-perfect| perfect time
|note-perfect
|perfection
|perfectionist
|perfective|perfect twelfth
|picture-perfect
|pitch-perfect
|pixel-perfect
|word-perfect|perfect competition|perfect market|perfect number|perfect pitch|practice makes perfect| all-perfect|conditional perfect|frame perfect|frame-perfect|future perfect continuous|future perfect progressive|inch-perfect|let the perfect be the enemy of the good|letter perfect|make the perfect the enemy of the good|nobody's perfect|past perfect continuous|past perfect progressive|perfect auxiliary|perfect binding|perfect crime|perfect cube|perfect field|perfect fifth|perfect fourth|perfect game|perfect gold standard test|perfect infinitive|perfect interval|perfect chord|perfect triad|perfect is the enemy of good|perfect is the enemy of good enough|perfect metal|perfect octave|perfect participle|perfect passive participle|perfect power|perfect price discrimination|perfect rhyme|perfect set|perfect square|perfect storm|perfect stranger|perfect system|perfect unison|perfect victim|perfect-bound|picture perfect|pitch perfect|present perfect continuous|present perfect progressive|rough perfect|s-perfect|self-perfect|the perfect is the enemy of the good|v-perfect|purrfect}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|fitting its definition precisely}}
* Albanian: {{t-needed|sq}}
* American Sign Language: {{t|ase|SmallO@NearTipThumb-PalmDown-SmallO@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp CirclesSurface Contact}}
* Antillean Creole: {{t|gcf|olendeng}}, {{t|gcf|opwaldèkawòt}}, {{t|gcf|zwèl}}, {{t|gcf|ozuil}}, {{t|gcf|zuil}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|كَامِل}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|կատարյալ}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|mükəmməl}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|perfektu}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|даскана́лы}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|съвърше́н}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfecte}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|完美|tr=wánměi}}, {{t+|cmn|完善|tr=wánshàn}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|dokonalý}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|perfekt}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|volmaakt}}, {{t+|nl|perfect}}, {{t+|nl|volkomen}}
* Esperanto: {{t-needed|eo}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|täiuslik}}, {{t|et|perfektne}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}
* French: {{t+|fr|parfait}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|სრულყოფილი}}
* German: {{t+|de|perfekt}}, {{t+|de|vollkommen}}
* Gothic: {{t|got|𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌹𐍃}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|מושלם|m|tr=mushlám}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|कामिल}}, {{t+|hi|निष्कलंक}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tökéletes}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|sempurna}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|perfetto}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|正確|tr=せいかくな, seikaku na}}
* Khmer: {{t|km|ល្អឥតខ្ចោះ}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|완벽하다}}
* Lao: {{t-needed|lo}}
* Latin: {{t|la|perfectus}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|совршен}}
* Mongolian: {{t-needed|mn}}
* Norwegian: {{t+|no|perfekt}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|fulfremed}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|کامل|tr=kâmel}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|doskonały}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|perfeito}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|perfect}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|соверше́нный}}, {{t+|ru|безупре́чный}}, {{t+|ru|безукори́зненный}}, {{t+|ru|идеа́льный}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|са̀вр̄шен}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|sàvr̄šen}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|pricisu}}{{t|scn|pirfettu}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|dokonalý}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|popoln|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfecto}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fullkomlig}}, {{t+|sv|fulländad}}, {{t+|sv|perfekt}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|himpit}}
* Tajik: {{t+|tg|комил}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|สมบูรณ์}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|mükemmel}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|доскона́лий}}
* Urdu: {{t|ur|کامل|tr=kāmil}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|mukammal}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|hoàn toàn}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|perffaith}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose}}
* American Sign Language: {{t|ase|SmallO@NearTipThumb-PalmDown-SmallO@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp CirclesSurface Contact}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|كَامِل}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|կատարյալ}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|mükəmməl}}, {{t+|az|əla}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfecte}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|完美|tr=wánměi}}, {{t+|cmn|完善|tr=wánshàn}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|dokonalý|m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|perfect}}, {{t+|nl|perfecte}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}
* French: {{t+|fr|parfait|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|სრულყოფილი}}, {{t|ka|სრულქმნილი}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tökéletes}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|sempurna}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|foirfe}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|perfetto|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|完全|alt=完全な|tr=かんぜんな, kanzen na}}, {{t|ja|全い|tr=まったい, mattai}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|fulfremed}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|doskonały}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|perfeito|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|perfect|m|n}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|соверше́нный}}, {{t+|ru|безупре́чный}}, {{t+|ru|безукори́зненный}}, {{t+|ru|идеа́льный}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|foirfe}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|pricisu}}{{t|scn|pirfettu}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfecto}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fullkomlig}}, {{t+|sv|fulländad}}, {{t+|sv|perfekt}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|సంపూర్ణ}}, {{t+|te|పరిపూర్ణ}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|ідеа́льний}}, {{t|uk|доверше́ний}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|without fault or mistake}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|mükəmməl}}, {{t|az|qüsursuz}}, {{t+|az|nöqsansız}}, {{t|az|eyibsiz}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|даскана́лы}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfecte}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|完美|tr=wánměi}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|volmaakt}}, {{t+|nl|perfect}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|perfekta}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}, {{t+|fi|virheetön}}
* French: {{t+|fr|parfait}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|სრულყოფილი}}, {{t|ka|უზადო}}
* German: {{t+|de|perfekt}}, {{t+|de|vollkommen}}
* Gothic: {{t|got|𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌹𐍃}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|kifogástalan}}, {{t+|hu|hibátlan}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|sempurna}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|完璧|alt=完璧な|tr=かんぺきな, kanpeki na}}, {{t|ja|全い|tr=まったい, mattai}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|완벽하다}}
* Lao: {{t-needed|lo}}
* Latin: {{t|la|perfectus}}
* Maore Comorian: {{t|swb|kamilifu|alt=-kamilifu}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|paruhi}}, {{t|mi|pāruhiruhi}}, {{t|mi|takarepakore}}, {{t|mi|hauora}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|fulfremed}}
* Persian: {{t|fa|پرفکت|tr=perfekt}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|perfekcyjny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|perfeito}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|безупре́чный}}, {{t+|ru|безукори́зненный}}
* Sicilian: {{t+|scn|pricisu}}{{t|scn|pirfettu}}, {{t+|scn|latinu}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfecto}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|felfri}}, {{t+|sv|perfekt}}
* Thai: {{t|th|ไม่ผิดพลาด|tr=mâi pìt plâat}}, {{t|th|ไร้ตำหนิ|tr=rái-dtam-nì}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|доскона́лий}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|hoàn hảo}} ({{t|vi|完好}})
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|perffaith}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|thoroughly skilled or talented}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfecte}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|dokonalý|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|taitava}}, {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}, {{t+|fi|mestarillinen}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|perfect}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|foirfe}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|spertu}}{{t|scn|pirfettu}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fullkomlig}}, {{t+|sv|fulländad}}, {{t+|sv|perfekt}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|เชี่ยวชาญ|tr=chîao-chaan}}, {{t+|th|ชำนาญ|tr=cham-naan}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|excellent and delightful in all respects}}
* American Sign Language: {{t|ase|SmallO@NearTipThumb-PalmDown-SmallO@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp CirclesSurface Contact}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfecte}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|dokonalý|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}, {{t+|fi|suurenmoinen}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tökéletes}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|完璧|alt=完璧な|tr=かんぺきな, kanpeki na}}
* Korean: {{t-needed|ko}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|pāruhiruhi}}, {{t|mi|paruhi}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|idealny|m}}, {{t+|pl|doskonały|m}}, {{t+|pl|perfekcyjny|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|perfeito}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|foirfe}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|popoln|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfecto}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fantastisk}}, {{t+|sv|perfekt}}, {{t+|sv|väldigt}} {{t+|sv|fin}}, {{t+|sv|underbar}}, {{t+|sv|utmärkt}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|పరిపూర్ణ}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|mükemmel}}
* Vietnamese: {{t|vi|hoàn mĩ}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|i'r dim}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|grammar: of a tense or verb form: representing a completed action}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|зако́нчаны}}, {{t|be|даскана́лы}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|свърше́н}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfet}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|完成式|tr=wánchéngshì}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|voltooid}}, {{t+|nl|voltooide}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|perfektinen}}, {{t|fi|perfekti-}}
* French: {{t+|fr|parfait|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|ნამყო სრული}}, {{t|ka|პრეფექტი}}
* Greek:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|παρακείμενος}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|נִשְׁלָם|m|tr=nishlám}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|befejezett}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|foirfe}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|完了|alt=完了の|tr=かんりょうの, kanryō no}}
* Latin: {{t|la|perfectus}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|کامل|tr=kâmel}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|dokonany}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|perfeito}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|perfectul simplu}}<!--isn't this the noun?-->
* Russian: {{t+|ru|соверше́нный}}
* Sicilian: {{t|scn|pirfettu}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfecto}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|perfekt}}
* Thai: {{t|th|กาลสมบูรณ์|tr=gaa-lá-sǒm-buun}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|доко́наний}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|hoàn thành}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|biology: sexually mature and fully differentiated}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kypsä}}
* Hungarian: {{t+check|hu|kifejlett}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fullt}} {{t+|sv|utvecklad}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|botany: having both male and female parts}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kaksineuvoinen}}, {{t+|fi|täydellinen}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|کامل|tr=kâmel}}
* Thai: {{t|th|สมบูรณ์เพศ|tr=sǒm-buun-pêet}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|music: interval or any compound interval of a unison, octave, or fourths and fifths that are not tritones.}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|perfektu}}
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|純|tr=seon4}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|純|tr=chún}} {{qualifier|Mainland China}}, {{t+|cmn|完全|tr=wánquán}} {{qualifier|Taiwan}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|čistý|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|puhdas}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tiszta}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfecto}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|đúng}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Ido: {{t+check|io|perfekta}}
* Khmer: {{t-check|km|ល្អឥតខ្ចោះ}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|grammar}} The [[perfect tense]], or a form in that tense.
# {{lb|en|video games}} A perfect score; the achievement of finishing a stage or task with no mistakes.
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2007|author=Barbara Smith; Chad Yancey|title=Video Game Achievements and Unlockables|page=17
|passage=Awarded for scoring all '''Perfects''' in the Dominator rank!}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2007|author=Eli Neiburger|title=Gamers-- in the Library?!|passage={{...}} a table of all the ratings that each player has achieved, giving you several scoring options based on player feedback (I simply record the number of '''perfects''').}}
# {{lb|en|historical|Christianity}} A [[leader]] of the [[Cathar]] [[movement]].
#: {{syn|en|perfectus}}
#: {{hyponyms|en|perfecta}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|grammar}} {{l|en|preterperfect}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|The perfect tense}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfet|m}}
* Latin: {{t|la|perfectum|n}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{m|en|perfect}} {{qualifier|adjective}}.

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|en|/pəˈfɛkt/|a=UK}}
* {{IPA|en|/pɚˈfɛkt/|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-perfect-verb.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɛkt|s=2}}

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To make perfect; to [[improve]] or [[hone]].
#: {{syn|en|enhance|hone|improve|optimize}}
#: {{ux|en|I am going to '''perfect''' this article.}}
#: {{ux|en|You spend too much time trying to '''perfect''' your dancing.}}
# {{lb|en|legal}} To take an action, usually the filing of a document in the correct venue, that secures a legal right.
#: {{ux|en|'''perfect''' an appeal}}
#: {{ux|en|'''perfect''' an interest}}
#: {{ux|en|'''perfect''' a judgment}}

=====Related terms=====
* {{l|en|perfectation}}
* {{l|en|perfecter}}
* {{l|en|perfectible}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|make perfect}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|përsos}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|أَتْقَنَ}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|удаскана́льваць|impf}}, {{t|be|удаскана́ліць|pf}}, {{t|be|даскана́ліць|impf}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|усъвърше́нствувам|impf}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|perfeccionar}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|zdokonalit|pf}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|perfectioneren}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|perfektigi}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[tehdä]] [[täydellinen|täydelliseksi]]}}, {{t|fi|täydellistää}}
* French: {{t+|fr|perfectionner}}, {{t+|fr|parfaire}}
* German: {{t+|de|vollenden}}, {{t+|de|perfektionieren}}, {{t+|de|vervollkommnen}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|τελειοποιώ}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|tökéletesít}}, {{t|hu|tökélyre fejleszt}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|perfezionare}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|perficiō}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|усовршува|impf}}, {{t|mk|усоврши|pf}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|doskonalić|impf}}, {{t+|pl|udoskonalać|impf}}, {{t+|pl|udoskonalić|pf}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|aperfeiçoar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|perfecta}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|соверше́нствовать|impf}}, {{t+|ru|усоверше́нствовать|pf}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|zdokonaľovať|impf}}, {{t|sk|zdokonaliť|pf}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|izpopolniti}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perfeccionar}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|finslipa}}, {{t|sv|fullkomna}}, {{t+|sv|fullända}}, {{t+|sv|förbättra}}, {{t+|sv|förfina}}, {{t+|sv|göra}} {{t+|sv|perfekt}}
* Turkish: {{t|tr|kusursuzlaştırmak}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|удоскона́лювати|impf}}, {{t|uk|удоскона́лити|pf}}, {{t|uk|вдоскона́лювати|impf}} {{q|after vowels}}, {{t|uk|вдоскона́лити|pf}} {{q|after vowels}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=ceefprt|prefect}}

{{cln|en|heteronyms}}

==Chinese==

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|zh|perfect池|tr=poe1 fik4 ci4}}


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{bor|yue|en|perfect}}.
From Middle English ''[[perfit]]'', from Old French ''[[parfit]]'', from {{L.}} ''[[perfectus]]'', perfect passive participle of ''[[perficere]]'', to finish, from ''[[per-]]'', through, thorough, + ''[[facere]]'', to do, to make


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
'''Adjective'''
|c=poe1 fik4,poe1 fek4
*(''[[RP]]''):
|cat=a
**{{IPA|/ˈpɜːfɪkt/}}
}}
**{{SAMPA|/<tt>"p3:fIkt</tt>/}}
*(''US, Canada''):
**IPA: /ˈpɝːfɪkt/, /ˈpɝːfɛkt/
**SAMPA: /<tt>"p3`:fIkt</tt>/
**{{audio|en-us-perfect-adj.ogg|Audio (US)}}


===Adjective===
===Adjective===
{{head|zh|adjective}}
'''perfect''' ({{compar}} '''more perfect''', {{superl}} '''most perfect''')


# {{lb|zh|Hong Kong Cantonese}} {{l|en|perfect}}; [[excellent]]; [[flawless]]
# Fitting its definition [[precisely]].
#:''a '''perfect''' circle''
# Having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose.
#:''That bucket with the hole in the bottom is a poor bucket, but it is '''perfect''' for watering plants.''
#{{grammar}} Of a tense or verb form, representing a completed action.
#{{botany}} Describing a flower that has both male ([[stamen]]s) and female ([[carpel]]s) parts; compare '''[[imperfect]]'''.
5. Also known as being one Christa Vanek, who is adored very much by her supa hott lova.


===References===
* {{R:yue:ELHKC}}


==Dutch==
====Derived terms====
*[[future perfect]]
*[[past perfect]]
*[[picture-perfect]]
*[[present perfect]]


====Related terms====
===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|nl|perfekt||superseded}}
*[[imperfect]]
*[[imperfective]]
*[[perfective]]
*[[pluperfect]]


====Translations====
===Etymology===
From {{inh|nl|dum|perfect}}, from {{der|nl|la|perfectus}}.


===Pronunciation===
'''fitting its definition precisely'''
* {{IPA|nl|/pɛrˈfɛkt/|/pərˈfɛkt/}}
{{top}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-perfect.ogg}}
*Bulgarian: [[съвършен]] (sǎvǎršen) {{m}}, [[съвършена]] (sǎvǎršena) {{f}}, [[съвършено]] (sǎvǎršeno) {{n}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|per|fect}}
*Dutch: [[perfect]], [[perfecte]]
* {{rhymes|nl|ɛkt|s=2}}
*Finnish: [[täydellinen]]
*French: [[parfait]] {{m}}, parfaite {{f}}
{{mid}}
*Italian: [[perfetto]] {{m}}, perfetta {{f}}
{{bottom}}


===Adjective===
'''having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose'''
{{top}}
{{nl-adj}}
*Dutch: [[perfect]], [[perfecte]]
*Finnish: [[täydellinen]]
*French: [[parfait]] {{m}}, parfaite {{f}}
{{mid}}
*Italian: [[perfetto]] {{m}}, perfetta {{f}}
{{bottom}}


# {{l|en|perfect}}
'''grammar: of a tense or verb form'''
#: {{syn|nl|volmaakt}}
{{top}}
#: {{ant|nl|imperfect|onvolmaakt|gebrekkig}}
*Dutch: [[voltooid]], [[voltooide]]
*Finnish: [[perfektinen]], [[perfekti-]]
*French: [[parfait]] {{m}}, parfaite {{f}}
{{mid}}
{{bottom}}


====Declension====
'''botany: of a flower with stamens and carpels'''
{{top}}
{{nl-decl-adj}}
*Finnish: [[kaksineuvoinen]], [[täydellinen]]
{{mid}}
{{bottom}}


=====Translations to be checked=====
====Related terms====
{{col-auto|nl
<!--Remove this section once all of the translations below have been moved into the tables above.-->
|imperfect
{{checktrans}}
|imperfectum
|perfectie
|perfectioneren
|perfectionisme
|perfectionist
|perfectum
}}


====Descendants====
*Chinese: [[完善]] (wán shàn)
* {{desc|af|perfek}}
*[[Ido]]: [[perfekta]]
* {{desc|id|pérfék|bor=1}}
*Polish: (1,2) [[doskonały]] {{m}}, doskonała {{f}}, doskonałe ''n, f plural'', doskonali {{m}} {{p}}

*Swedish: [[perfekt]] (1,2,3)
==Romanian==
*Spanish: perfecto

===Etymology===
{{bor+|ro|la|perfectus}}, {{bor|ro|de|perfekt}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ro|[perˈfekt]}}
'''Verb'''
* {{audio|ro|LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-perfect.wav}}
*(''RP''):
**IPA: /pəˈfɛkt/
**SAMPA: /<tt>p@"fEkt</tt>/
*(''US, Canada''):
**IPA: /pɚˈfɛkt/
**SAMPA: /<tt>p@`"fEkt</tt>/
**{{audio|en-us-perfect-verb.ogg|Audio (US)}}


===Transitive verb===
===Adjective===
{{ro-adj|4}}
{{en-infl-reg-consonant|perfect||}}


#To make perfect.
# {{l|ro|perfect}}, [[flawless]]
#: {{syn|ro|desăvârșit}}
#:''I am going to '''perfect''' this article.''
#: {{ant|ro|imperfect|nedesăvârșit}}


====Declension====
<!--these are not synonyms; these all mean "make better", not "make perfect":
{{ro-adj-4|mpl=perfecți}}
====Synonyms====
*[[improve]]
*[[enhance]]
*[[hone]]
*[[optimize]]
-->


====Translations====
===Adverb===
{{ro-adv}}
'''make perfect'''
{{top}}
*Dutch: [[perfectioneren]]
*Finnish: [[tehdä]] [[täydellinen|täydelliseksi]]
{{mid}}
{{bottom}}


# [[perfectly]], [[completely]]
===See also===
*[[bisexual]]<!--in botany-->
*[[hermaphroditic]]<!--in botany-->


===Noun===
[[Category: English heteronyms]]
{{ro-noun|n|-}}

# [[perfect tense]]

====Derived terms====
* {{l|ro|perfect compus}}
* {{l|ro|perfect simplu}}


{{C|ro|Grammar}}
[[fr:perfect]]
[[io:Perfect]]
[[it:perfect]]
[[hu:perfect]]
[[fi:perfect]]
[[sv:perfect]]

Latest revision as of 17:13, 18 October 2024

English

 Perfect (disambiguation) on Wikipedia
This can be perceived by the human eye as a perfect circle (i.e. completely round, without imperfections) and perfectly black (i.e. without reflecting any light).

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

From Middle English perfit, from Old French parfit (modern: parfait), from Latin perfectus, perfect passive participle of perficere (to finish), from per- (through, thorough) + facere (to do, to make). Spelling modified 15c. to conform to Latin etymology. Doublet of parfait.

Displaced native Old English fulfremed.

Pronunciation

Adjective

perfect (comparative perfecter or more perfect, superlative perfectest or most perfect)

  1. Fitting its definition precisely.
    a perfect circle
  2. Having all of its parts in harmony with a common purpose.
    That bucket with the hole in the bottom is a poor bucket, but it is perfect for watering plants.
  3. Without fault or mistake; without flaw, of supreme quality.
    The gymnast performed a perfect somersault.
    I think I'm in love—I can't stop thinking about her. She's perfect!
    • 1787, Gouverneur Morris, Preamble to the United States Constitution[1]:
      We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
    1. (of a copy) Exact, correctly reflecting the original in all aspects.
      The expert forger made a perfect copy of the victim's driver's license
    2. (of an actor) Having thoroughly learned or memorized a part.
    3. (obsolete outside set of phrases, of a person) Having thoroughly learned or memorized a lesson; of a lesson: having been thoroughly learned or memorized.
      Practice makes perfect.
    4. (obsolete) Fully trained or very knowledgeable; highly skilled
  4. Excellent and delightful in all respects.
    a perfect day
    • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, [], →OCLC, Canto XXIV, page 41:
      And was the day of my delight
      ⁠As pure and perfect as I say?
      ⁠The very source and fount of Day
      Is dash’d with wandering isles of night.
    • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., [], →OCLC:
      They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.
  5. Morally or spiritually immaculate or ideal.
  6. (grammar, of a tense or verb form) Representing a completed action.
  7. (biology) Sexually mature and fully differentiated.
  8. (botany, of flowers) Having both male parts (stamens) and female parts (carpels).
  9. (mathematics, of a number) Equal to the sum of its proper divisors.
    6 is perfect because the sum of its proper divisors, 1, 2, and 3, which is 6, is equal to the number itself.
  10. (mathematical analysis, of a set) Equal to its set of limit points, i.e. set is perfect if .
  11. (music) Describing an interval or any compound interval of a unison, octave, or fourths and fifths that are not tritones.
    Coordinate terms: augmented, diminished
  12. (of a cocktail) Made with equal parts of sweet and dry vermouth.
    a perfect Manhattan
    a perfect Rob Roy
  13. (obsolete) Well informed; certain; sure.
  14. (obsolete) Innocent, guiltless; without blemish.
  15. (obsolete) Sane, of sound mind.
    • c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vii]:
      Pray, do not mock me. / I am a very foolish fond old man, / Fourscore and upward, not an hour more nor less / And, to deal plainly, / I fear I am not in my perfect mind.
Usage notes
  • Some authorities proscribe the comparative and superlative forms "more perfect" and "most perfect", on the grounds that perfection is an absolute state.[1][2][3] Nevertheless, graded forms have been in common use in writing for centuries – for instance the Preamble to the United States Constitution, drafted in 1787, describes its goal as "a more perfect Union". In these cases, "more perfect" can mean "closer to perfection", "less imperfect" or "improving upon an already perfect state".
Synonyms
Antonyms
  • (antonym(s) of fitting its definition precisely): flawed
  • (antonym(s) of without fault or mistake): faulty, faultful, fallible
  • (antonym(s) of botany: having both male and female parts): imperfect
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun

perfect (plural perfects)

  1. (grammar) The perfect tense, or a form in that tense.
  2. (video games) A perfect score; the achievement of finishing a stage or task with no mistakes.
    • 2007, Barbara Smith, Chad Yancey, Video Game Achievements and Unlockables, page 17:
      Awarded for scoring all Perfects in the Dominator rank!
    • 2007, Eli Neiburger, Gamers-- in the Library?!:
      [] a table of all the ratings that each player has achieved, giving you several scoring options based on player feedback (I simply record the number of perfects).
  3. (historical, Christianity) A leader of the Cathar movement.
    Synonym: perfectus
    Hyponym: perfecta
Synonyms
Translations

Etymology 2

From perfect (adjective).

Pronunciation

Verb

perfect (third-person singular simple present perfects, present participle perfecting, simple past and past participle perfected)

  1. (transitive) To make perfect; to improve or hone.
    Synonyms: enhance, hone, improve, optimize
    I am going to perfect this article.
    You spend too much time trying to perfect your dancing.
  2. (law) To take an action, usually the filing of a document in the correct venue, that secures a legal right.
    perfect an appeal
    perfect an interest
    perfect a judgment
Translations

References

  1. ^ 2004, Ann Batko, Edward Rosenheim, When Bad Grammar Happens to Good People: How to Avoid Common Errors in English, Career Press →ISBN, page 136
  2. ^ 1843, Roswell Chamberlain Smith, Smith's New Grammar, page 144
  3. ^ 2015, Stephen Spector, May I Quote You on That?: A Guide to Grammar and Usage, Oxford University Press →ISBN, page 161

Anagrams

Chinese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From English perfect.

Pronunciation


Adjective

perfect

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) perfect; excellent; flawless

References

Dutch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle Dutch perfect, from Latin perfectus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pɛrˈfɛkt/, /pərˈfɛkt/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: per‧fect
  • Rhymes: -ɛkt

Adjective

perfect (comparative perfecter, superlative perfectst)

  1. perfect
    Synonym: volmaakt
    Antonyms: imperfect, onvolmaakt, gebrekkig

Declension

Declension of perfect
uninflected perfect
inflected perfecte
comparative perfecter
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial perfect perfecter het perfectst
het perfectste
indefinite m./f. sing. perfecte perfectere perfectste
n. sing. perfect perfecter perfectste
plural perfecte perfectere perfectste
definite perfecte perfectere perfectste
partitive perfects perfecters

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: perfek
  • Indonesian: pérfék

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin perfectus, German perfekt.

Pronunciation

Adjective

perfect m or n (feminine singular perfectă, masculine plural perfecți, feminine and neuter plural perfecte)

  1. perfect, flawless
    Synonym: desăvârșit
    Antonyms: imperfect, nedesăvârșit

Declension

singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative
indefinite perfect perfectă perfecți perfecte
definite perfectul perfecta perfecții perfectele
genitive/
dative
indefinite perfect perfecte perfecți perfecte
definite perfectului perfectei perfecților perfectilor

Adverb

perfect

  1. perfectly, completely

Noun

perfect n (uncountable)

  1. perfect tense

Derived terms