Simpson's paradox - WikipediaSimpson's paradox for quantitative data: a positive trend (Â , Â ) appears for two separate groups, whereas a negative trend (Â ) appears when the groups are combined. Visualization of Simpson's paradox on data resembling real-world variability indicates that risk of misjudgment of true causal relationship can be hard to spot. Simpson's paradox is a phenomenon in probability and statistics in which a
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