ãæã ãã®è¨äºã¯ãSoftware Design2022å¹´3æå·ãã®ã第4ç« ï¼é»åç½²åã®ããã»ã¹ãä½é¨ Pythonã«ããæ¥åæ²ç·æå·ã®å®è£ ãã®å ¥ç¨¿è¨äºãæè¡è©è«ç¤¾ã®ã好æã§å ¬éãããã®ã§ãã å ã¯LaTeXã ã£ãã®ããã¼ã¯ãã¦ã³ã«ä¿®æ£ããäºã¤ã«åãã¦ãã¾ãã è¨äºä¸ã®ãµã³ãã«ã³ã¼ãã¯ãµãã¼ããã¼ã¸ãããã¦ã³ãã¼ãã§ãã¾ãã ã¯ããã« ãã®ç« ã§ã¯æ¥åæ²ç·ãç¨ããéµå ±æãç½²åãPythonã§å®è£ ãã¾ããå®è£ ããããã«å¿ è¦ãªæ°å¦ã¯éæ解説ãã¾ãã åä½ç¢ºèªã¯Python 3.8.10ã§è¡ãã¾ããã ã³ã¼ãã¯åä½åçãç解ããããã®ãã®ã§ãããç´°ããã¨ã©ã¼å¦çãªã©ã¯ãã¦ãã¾ããã ãããã¯ã製åãªã©ã§å©ç¨ã§ãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããã¨ããäºæ¿ãã ããã ç¨èªã®ãããã æ¥åæ²ç·æå·ã®ä½ç½®ã¥ã ã¾ãæåã«ç¨èªã®ç¢ºèªããã¾ãã ãæå·ãã¯è¤æ°ã®æå³ã§ä½¿ããã¾ãã ä¸ã¤ã¯ããã¼ã¿ãç§å¿åããããã«ãä»äººã«èª
TLS/SSL æå·ã¹ã¤ã¼ã TLS/SSL ã§ã¯ï¼ãã³ãã·ã§ã¤ã¯ãããã³ã«ã«ãã£ã¦ãµã¼ãã¨ã¯ã©ã¤ã¢ã³ãã®åæ¹ãå©ç¨å¯è½ãªæå·ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ã決å®ãã¾ãï¼å©ç¨ããæå·ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ã¯ï¼éµäº¤ææ¹æ³ï¼RSA, DHãªã©ï¼ï¼å ±ééµæå·ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ï¼AES, RC4 ãªã©ï¼ã¨æå·åä½ã¢ã¼ã (CBCï¼GCM ãªã©) ï¼ããã³ããã·ã¥é¢æ°ï¼MD5, SHA1 ãªã©ï¼ã®çµã¿åãã§ï¼æå·ã¹ã¤ã¼ã (Cipher Suite) ã¨å¼ã°ãã¾ãï¼ TLS/SSL ãããã³ã«ã«ããã¦ï¼ã©ã®æå·ã¹ã¤ã¼ãã使ããã¯éä¿¡ã®å®å ¨æ§ã«å¤§ããªå½±é¿ãåã¼ãã¾ãï¼ãã®ããï¼å®å ¨æ§ãä½ãæå·ã¹ã¤ã¼ãã¯ä½¿ããªãããã«ãããªã©ï¼ãµã¼ãããã³ã¯ã©ã¤ã¢ã³ãã«ãããé©åãªè¨å®ãå¿ è¦ã§ãï¼ TLS ã«ãããæå·ã¹ã¤ã¼ãã®æ¤ç´¢ãWebãµã¤ã TLS Ciphersuite Search ã§è¡ãã¾ãï¼æå·å¼·åº¦ã®è©ä¾¡ (Weak, Secure, R
Deleted articles cannot be recovered. Draft of this article would be also deleted. Are you sure you want to delete this article? ã¯ããã« TLS/SSLãã¯ããã¨ãã¦ãæ§ã ãªå ´é¢ã§å ¬ééµæå·ãéè¦ãªå½¹å²ãæããã¦ããã®ã¯è¯ãç¥ããã¦ãããã¨ã¨æãã¾ãã ããã§å ¬ééµæå·ãä½ãã¨ããã¨ããããããã¼ã¿ãå ¬ééµã§æå·åãã¦ããããç§å¯éµã§å¾©å·ãããä»äººã«ã¯ãã¼ã¿ã®å 容ãæ¼ããªããã¨ãã説æãä¸è¬çã§ãã ããããã¨å¤§æµã®äººã¯ãTLS/SSLãå ¬ééµã§æå·åãã¦ç§å¯éµã§å¾©å·ããã®ããã¨2ã¤ã®æ å ±ãçµã¿åãããããã§ç´å¾ãã¦ãã¾ãããã§ãããå®ã¯ä»æ¥ããã¯å¤§ä½ã«ããã¦èª¤ã1ã§ãã ãã®èª¤ãã¯ãã¾ãã©ããããããªãåºãæµå¸ãã¦ãã¦ãã¾ããããã¯ãé©åãªå ¥éæ¸ããªããã¨ãã
Deleted articles cannot be recovered. Draft of this article would be also deleted. Are you sure you want to delete this article? ã¯ããã« ãã¯ã©ã¦ããæ¯ããããããã®æå·æè¡ãã®ãã¸ã¿ã«ç½²åã®èª¬æã¸ã®ããã³ãtweetãããã¨ãããèè ã®æ¹ã¨ã®é£ãåããå§ã¾ã£ãã®ã§ããâ¦ã â»togetterã¾ã¨ããé»åç½²å=ãç§å¯éµã§æå·åããã¨ããè¯ããã誤解ã®è©±ã«çµç·¯ãããã¾ã èªèã®é½é½¬ã«ã¤ãã¦twitterã§ã©ãããããã®ã¯é£ããã§ãããæ¹å¤ã°ãããªã®ã建è¨çã§ã¯ãªãã®ã§ããèªåãªãããæ¸ãã ãããã¨ããæé¢ã®å½¢ã§ã¾ã¨ãã¦ã¿ã¾ããã â»ãªããé»åç½²åãå«ããå ¬ééµæå·å ¨è¬ã«å¯¾ããç§ã®èª¬æã2ã¤ã®å ¬ééµæå·(å ¬ééµæå·ã®åºç¤ç¥è)ã«ã¾ã¨ãã¦ãã¾ãã ç½²åã®èª¬ææ¡ åæ
P256ã¨ãX25519ã¨ãPSSã¨ãèãã¦ããããããããªã人ã®ããã®ç¨èªè§£èª¬ã é·ãéTLSã®ä¸çã§ã¯ãéµäº¤æã«ãèªè¨¼ã«ãRSAã使ããã¦ãããå¿ è¦ã¨ãªãå®å ¨æ§ã大ãããªãã¨ãRSAã®å ¬ééµã¯æ¥æ¿ã«å¤§ãããªãããããã£ã¦éµäº¤æãèªè¨¼ã®ã³ã¹ãã大ãããªãã¨ããåé¡ãããã æ¥åæ²ç·æå·(ECC: Elliptic Curve Cryptography)ã¯ãRSAãDiffie Hellmanã«æ¯ã¹ãã¨ãå°ããªå ¬ééµã§åç¨åº¦ã®å®å ¨æ§ãå®ç¾ããã¨ããç¹é·ãæã¤ãç¹è¨±åé¡ãä¸éæãªããã§æ¥åæ²ç·æå·ã¯é·å¹´æ¬é ããã¦ãããããã®æ°å¹´ã§(å°ãªãã¨ãéµäº¤æã«å¯¾ãã¦ã¯)ä¸æ°ã«æ®åãã¦ããæãã ã ãããã£ã±ã«è¨ãã¨ãæ¥åæ²ç·æå·ã§å®ç¾ã§ããã®ã¯ãDH(Diffie Hellman)ã¨DSA(Digital Signature Algorithm)ã§ãããRSAã¯å®ç¾ã§ããªãã éµäº¤æã®DHã«é¢ãã¦ã¯ã
4. ï® Ron RivestãAdi ShamirãLeonard Adleman ã«ãã£ã¦ çºæãããå ¬ééµæå·æ¹å¼ ï® æ¡æ°ã大ããªåææ°ã®ç´ å æ°å解ãå°é£ã§ããã㨠ãå®å ¨æ§ã®æ ¹æ ã¨ãã¦ãã RSAæå·ã¨ã¯ å¹³æ æå·æ å ¬ééµ ç§å¯éµ 5. éµçæ ï¬ ç´ æ°ð, ðãé¸ã¶ ï¬ ð = ð â ð, ð(ð) = (ð â ð) â (ð â ð) ï¬ ð(ð) ã¨äºãã«ç´ ã¨ãªããã㪠ð ãé¸ã¶ ï¬ ð â ð â¡ ð (ððð ð(ð)) ã¨ãªãæå°ã® ð ãæ±ãã ï¬ ð, ð ãå ¬ééµï¼ð, ð, ð ãç§å¯éµã¨ãã RSAæå·ã®ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã å¹³æ ð æå·æ ð ð = ð^ð ððð ð ð = ð^ð ððð ð 8. RSAæå·éç¨ã§ãã£ã¦ã¯ãããªã ð ã®ã㨠ãã® ð =
ãçè«ä¸æçã®RSAéµã®éµé·ã¯ä½ããããªã®ãï¼ãã¨ããçåã湧ãã¦ããã®ã§ãRSAéµã®é·ãã«é¢ããå¶ç´ã«ã¤ãã¦èª¿ã¹ã¦ã¿ã¾ãããã¨ã«ããå°ããRSAéµãã¢ãä½ããã¨æã£ããp=3,q=5ã®4bit RSAéµã¨ããã®ãä½ãããã§ãããæ¬å½ã«ãããªéµãä½ããã®ã§ããããï¼ æ¬ç¨¿ã§ã¯RSAæå·ããã³RSAç½²åã®ããã£ã³ã°ã«é¢ããä»çµã¿ãç´¹ä»ããæçã®éµé·ã¨ãªãRSAéµã«ã¤ãã¦æ¤è¨ãã¾ãã RSAES-PKCS1-v1_5 ã«ãããããã£ã³ã° éµé·æçã¨ãªãRSAéµãã¢ãä½ãä¸ã§é害ã«ãªãã®ããRSAæå·ã®ããã£ã³ã°ã¨å¼ã°ããä»çµã¿ã§ãã RSAæå·ã«ãããæå·åããã³å¾©å·å¦çã¯æ´æ°ã®ç´¯ä¹æ¼ç®ã§ããããä»®ã«å¹³æmã1ã ã£ãå ´åãæå·æã1ã¨ãããã¨ã«ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãæå·ã¨ãã¦æ©è½ããªããªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã¾ãããã®ãããªåé¡ã¸ã®å¯¾çã¨ãã¦ãåãåã£ãå¹³æããã®ã¾ã¾ä½¿ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããããã£ã³ã°æååãä»å ãã¦æå·å
Disclaimer æ¬ã¨ã³ããªã¼ã¯ããã®å¤ blackhat usa 2016ã§è¡ãããäºå®ã®è¬æ¼ãNONCE-DISRESPECTING ADVERSARIES: PRACTICAL FORGERY ATTACKS ON GCM IN TLSã ã®ãã¿ãã¬ãå«ãã§ãã¾ããç¾å°ã§ç´æ¥èãæ¹ã¯èªã¾ãªãããæ°ãã¤ãã¦ä¸ããã 0. çãã¾ã¨ã ä»åã¯çãã«ã¨æã£ãã®ã§ããããã£ã±ããããªãã®åéã§ããããªã®ã§çãã¾ã¨ããæ¸ãã¦ããã¾ãã 4åä¸ä»¥ä¸ã®ãµã¤ã対ãã¦AES-GCM使ã£ãTLSéä¿¡ã®åæãã¯ãã«(IV)ãã¼ã¿ã®ãµã¼ãã¤ãè¡ããã7ä¸ç¨ã®ãµã¤ãã§IVã®å¤ãåå©ç¨ãããå¯è½æ§ããããã¨ããããã¾ãããIVãåå©ç¨ãããå ´åãAES-GCMã®å®å ¨æ§ã¯è´å½çãªå½±é¿ãåãã¾ããIVã®åå©ç¨ãå¤æããå¹¾ã¤ãå®è£ ããæ¢ã«èå¼±æ§ã®ã¢ãã¦ã³ã¹ãåºã¦ãã¾ãã IVãåå©ç¨ãããå ´åãç¾å®çã«HTTPS
ãµã¤ãã¦ãºã»ã©ãã®å æã§ãã ç§ã¯å æã®Developers Summit 2015ã§ããã¯ã©ã¦ããæ¯ããããããã®æå·æè¡ãã¨ããè¬æ¼ããããã¾ããããã®ã¨ããè¿ããã¡ã«è©³ç´°ãªããã¹ããå ¬éããäºå®ã¨ç³ãä¸ãã¾ããããã®æºåãã§ãã¾ããã®ã§å ±åãããã¾ãã è¬æ¼ã¨åãã¿ã¤ãã«ãã¯ã©ã¦ããæ¯ããããããã®æå·æè¡ãã®pdfã¯githubããåå¾ã§ãã¾ãã 2015/6/21追è¨ããã®ããã¹ããç§åã·ã¹ãã ããåºçããã¾ããã 表é¡ã®è¬æ¼ã¯ã主ã«2000å¹´ã«å ¥ã£ã¦ããç»å ´ããæ°ããæå·æè¡ã®ç´¹ä»ãã¡ã¤ã³ã§ãããã®ã¨ãã®ãã¬ã¼ã³è³æã¯3æã®æç¹ã§4ä¸5åãã¥ã¼ãè¶ ãã¦ãã¦ããããµãè³æã®ä¸ã§ãããªãä¸ä½ã«å ¥ãé²è¦§æ°ã®ããã§ããæè¡è ã®æå·ã«é¢ããé¢å¿ãé«ããã¨ã伺ããã¾ãã ãããä¸è¬åãã®æå·ã®ããã¹ãã¯ãå ¬ééµæå·ã®ä¸ã¤ã§ããRSAæå·ãElGamalæå·ããããã詳ããåçãè¨ããã¦ããª
èªåè»ã®æ å ±ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã¼ãé«ããä¸ã§éè¦ã«ãªãã®ããè»ä¸¡ãã¼ã¿ãæå·åãããã¨ã ããã ããç¾ç¶ã®æå·ã使ãã¨è¨ç®éã大ããã¦åè·¯è¦æ¨¡ã大ãããªããã¡ã§ãé»åå¶å¾¡ã¦ãããï¼ECUï¼ã«æè¼ãã«ãããè¨ç®éãå°ããã¦èªåè»ã§ä½¿ããããæå·ã¯ããã®ãã ç¾å¨ããããªèªåè»åãæå·ã®éçºã»è©ä¾¡ã«åãçµãã®ãæ å ±éä¿¡ç 究æ©æ§ï¼NICTï¼ã»ãã¥ãªãã£åºç¤ç 究室ã§ããã室é·ã®çåå¿å¸æ°ã¯ãNTTã§ä¸çæ¨æºæå·ã®éçºã«æºãããã½ãã¼ã»ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã¨ã³ã¿ãã¤ã³ã¡ã³ãï¼SCEï¼ãã½ãã¼ã§ã²ã¼ã æ©ã家é»è£½åãªã©ã®ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã¼ãã©ãããã©ã¼ã ãéçºãã人ç©ããã®çåæ°ã次ã®ä¸æã¨ãã¦è¦æ®ããå ãèªåè»åãã®æå·ã§ãããåæ°ã¯2014å¹´4æ17æ¥ï½18æ¥ã«éå¬ããèªåè»ã®æ å ±ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã¼ã·ã³ãã¸ã¦ã ãescar Asiaãã®ããã°ã©ã å§å¡ãåããã 3åã«åããã¤ã³ã¿ãã¥ã¼ã®ç¬¬1åã¯ãçåæ°ã®NTTãã½ãã¼ã®çµ
Introduction This page is about the security of RC4 encryption in TLS and WPA/TKIP. For details of the Lucky 13 attack on CBC-mode encryption in TLS, click here. The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol aims to provide confidentiality and integrity of data in transit across untrusted networks like the Internet. It is widely used to secure web traffic and e-commerce transactions on the Internet.
ã·ã³ã¬ãã¼ã«ã® 20th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption ã¨ãã¢ã ã¹ãã«ãã ã® Black Hat security conference ã§ã2種é¡ã®æ°ç¨®æ»æææ³ã«ã¤ãã¦ãç¸æ¬¡ãã§çºè¡¨ããã (ãã£ã) 模æ§ãRC4ã«ããããæ°ããæ»æææ³ã®ããã§ãåãå¹³æã«ããããæå·æãæ°åä¸åéãã¦çµ±è¨å¦çãã»ã©ããã¨ãä¸é¨ã®æ å ±ããããããããå¾è ã«ã¯ TIME "Timing Info-leak Made Easy" ã¨ããç¥ç§°ãã¤ãã¦ãã模æ§ãåè ã®çºè¡¨è ã¯ãqmailãdeamontoolsã§ããªãã¿ã®D.J.Bernsteinå çã®ããã§ãã¹ã©ã¤ãããã£ãã
Update: Iâve added a link to a page at Royal Holloway describing the new attack. Listen, if youâre using RC4 as your primary ciphersuite in SSL/TLS, now would be a great time to stop. Ok, thanks, are we all on the same page? No? I guess we need to talk about this a bit more. You see, these slides have been making the rounds since this morning. Unfortunately, they contain a long presentation aimed
ç¾ä»£ã®æå·æè¡ããããã解説 ãæå·æè¡å ¥é 第3ç ç§å¯ã®å½ã®ã¢ãªã¹ãã§ã¯ãç¾ä»£ã®æå·æè¡ã®åºç¤ã¨ãªãã 対称æå· å ¬ééµæå· ãã¸ã¿ã«ç½²å ä¸æ¹åããã·ã¥é¢æ° ã¡ãã»ã¼ã¸èªè¨¼ã³ã¼ã æ¬ä¼¼ä¹±æ°çæå¨ PKIãPGPãSSL/TLS ã«ã¤ãã¦ãããããã®å³ã¨ ããããæç« ã§è§£èª¬ãã¾ãã 第3çã§ã®ã¢ãããã¼ã 第3çã§ã¯ã ããã¾ã§ã®åºæ¬çãªæå·æè¡ã®è§£èª¬ã«å ãã¦ã 以ä¸ã®ãããªå¤§å¹ ãªå çä¿®æ£ãè¡ãã¾ããã ï¼å çé ç®ã®ä¸é¨ï¼ ç¾ä»£ã®æå·æè¡ã«é¢ããã¢ãããã¼ã SHA-3ã®ã³ã³ããã£ã·ã§ã³ã¨SHA-3(Keccak)ã®æ§é POODLEãªã©ã®SSL/TLSã¸ã®æ»æ èªè¨¼ä»ãæå·ã®ç´¹ä» ãããã³ã¤ã³ã¨æå·æè¡ã®é¢ä¿ æ¥åæ²ç·æå·ã®ç´¹ä» ãã¡ããããã¹ã¦æ°å¼ã¯æå°éã«æããå³çã交ãã¦ãããããã解説ãã¾ãã ç®æ¬¡ ç®æ¬¡ ã¯ããã« æå·ã®ä¸çã²ã¨ããã 第ä¸é¨ãæå· æ´å²ä¸ã®æå· ââ ä»äºº
ç§å¯éµããã©ã¤ãã¼ããªæ å ±ãªã©ãç§å¿ããããã«ãã¹ã¯ã¼ãã§ãã¼ã¿ãæå·åã»å¾©å·ãããå ´åãããã¾ãããã®ã¨ããæå·åã¨å¾©å·ããã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãåãã§ããã°ç°¡åã§ãããä¾ãã°Cã§æå·åãã¦JavaãPerlãRubyã§å¾©å·ããã¨ãã£ã風ã«ç°ãªããã©ãããã©ã¼ã ã§æå·ãã¼ã¿ãããã¨ãããå ´åã«ã¯ãããã¤ãæ° ãã¤ããªããã°ãããªããã¤ã³ããããã¾ãã OpenSSLã«ããæå·å OpenSSLã¯Webãµã¼ãã®SSL/TLSãµãã¼ãã«å©ç¨ããã¾ããããã®ä»ã«ãä»å±ãã¦ããopensslã³ãã³ãããåºæ¬çãªæå·ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ãå©ç¨ã§ãã¾ãã次ã®ãããªç°¡åãªã³ãã³ãã§ããã¹ã¯ã¼ãã使ã£ã¦ãã¼ã¿ãæå·åããã復å·ããããããã¨ãã§ãã¾ã: $ echo 'Hello World!' | openssl enc -e -aes-128-cbc > cipher.txt enter aes-128-cbc
â å ¬ééµæå·æ¹å¼ã®èª¤ã解説ã®æ°¾æ¿«ãããããã©ããããã㨠ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ãåºç¤ãããã¨ããã¨ãæå·ã®è§£èª¬ãç¹ã«å ±ééµæå·ã¨å ¬ééµæå·ã®éããããªã©ã¨ãã£ã解説ãããç®ã«ãããæã¯å°éã®æ¹ã«ãã£ã¦æ³¨ææ·±ãæ¸ããã¦ããã®ã«å¯¾ããããä½å¹´ãã¯ã²ã©ãç¶æ³ã«ãªã£ã¦ãããå æãå®®å´ã§éãããSCIS 2008ã®å¸ã§ãæå·ç 究è ã®æ¹ã ã¨ã®éè«ã§ãããã話ã«ãªã£ããç§ã¯æå·ã¯å°éã§ãªãã®ã§ãã®è©±é¡ã¯è¿éã«æ¸ããªãã§ãããããã®ã¨ããã®å··ã®èª¤ã解説ã®æ°¾æ¿«ã¶ãã¯ç®ã«ä½ããã®ãããã æãã²ã©ãè延ã£ã¦ãã¦ãã°ããæ¶ãããã«ãªãééã解説ã®å ¸åä¾ã¯æ¬¡ã ã ãå ¬ééµã§æå·åãããã®ãç§å¯éµã§å¾©å·ããã®ã¨åæ§ã«ãç§å¯éµã§æå·åãããã®ãå ¬ééµã§å¾©å·ã§ããããã«ãªã£ã¦ãããã äºä¾1: æ¥æ¬ããªãµã¤ã³æ ªå¼ä¼ç¤¾ã«ããå ¬ééµæå·æ¹å¼ã®è§£èª¬ ãã®ãããªå ±ééµæå·æ¹å¼ã®åé¡ç¹ã解決ããæå·æ¹å¼ããå ¬ééµæå·æ¹å¼
ãªãªã¼ã¹ãé害æ å ±ãªã©ã®ãµã¼ãã¹ã®ãç¥ãã
ææ°ã®äººæ°ã¨ã³ããªã¼ã®é ä¿¡
å¦çãå®è¡ä¸ã§ã
j次ã®ããã¯ãã¼ã¯
kåã®ããã¯ãã¼ã¯
lãã¨ã§èªã
eã³ã¡ã³ãä¸è¦§ãéã
oãã¼ã¸ãéã
{{#tags}}- {{label}}
{{/tags}}