Behavior Based Safety &
Safety Observations
Bob Krzywicki
North America Operations Director
DuPont Safety Resources
[email protected]
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
2
DuPont - A 200 Year History of Safety
Powder mill operation began in 1802
First safety rules established in 1811
Safety is a line management responsibility.
No employee may enter a new or rebuilt
mill until a member of top management
has personally operated it
– E. I. du Pont
Safety statistics began in 1912
Belief that all injuries are preventable
developed in the 1940s
Off-the-job safety program began
in the 1950s
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
3
Injuries and Incidents Do Not Have to
Happen . . .
A new on-the-job
injury or illness
case every
SEVEN
seconds
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
4
Only Zero Tolerance is Acceptable
Each day 16 people will not die in
a work-related accident.
Each year over 4 million people
will not be hurt or made ill in US
private industry.
Families and communities will
prosper.
No physical pain, no deep
emotional anguish for the
worker’s family, no negative talk
about your organization in the
community.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
5
Do you have the
fundamentals in place that
will form a solid foundation
for any safety program?
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
6
Safety Values & Principles
Core values are the Safety and Health
cornerstone of who you are Environmental stewardship
and what you stand for. Highest ethical behavior
Respect for people
Principles are the ways Line managers are accountable
you live your values day for the safety performance of
their employees.
by day.
Working safely is a condition of
employment.
Employees must receive
appropriate training.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
7
An Integrated Safety Management System
Visible, demonstrated commitment
Clear, meaningful policies and principles
Leadership Challenging goals and plans
High standards of performance
Line management accountability
Safety Supportive safety staff
Management Structure Integrated committee structure
System Performance measurement and
progressive motivation
Thorough investigations and follow-up
Process & Effective audits and re-evaluation
Action Effective communication processes
Safety management skills
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
8
Safety Excellence Requires A Culture Shift
Na Involvement / Ownership by All Employees
tu
ra
l In
st i
nc
ts
Sup
Injury Rates
e rvis
ion
Self
Teams
Reactive Dependent Independent Interdependent
• Safety by Natural • Management • Personal Knowledge, • Help Others Conform
Instinct Commitment Commitment, & • Others’ Keeper
• Compliance is the • Condition of Employment Standards
• Networking
Goal • Fear/Discipline • Internalization Contributor
• Delegated to Safety • Rules/Procedures • Personal Value • Care for Others
Manager • Care for Self
• Supervisor Control, • Organizational Pride
• Lack of Management Emphasis, and Goals • Practice, Habits
Involvement
• Value All People • Individual Recognition
• Training
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
9
Behavior Based Audits
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
10
Cause of Injuries
…Where do our injuries come from?
Unsafe Conditions 4%
Unsafe Acts 96%
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
11
Injuries: A Matter of Probabilities
FATAL
MAJORS
RECORDABLE INJURIES
NEAR-MISSES OR FIRST AID
HAZARDS
Unsafe Acts
Employee Created Unsafe Conditions
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
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Auditing for Safety
Focuses attention on safety.
Shows how well safety is understood and applied.
Shows where systems are working well.
Helps identify weaknesses in systems.
Helps clarify your safety standards.
Raises awareness of safety issues.
Identifies where people take risks.
Prevents injuries.
But - does NOT try to catch people doing something wrong!
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
13
Skills Required
...for conducting effective Safety Audits
Noticing: Talking about:
Unsafe acts Safe practices
Safe work Unsafe acts
practices
Unsafe situations
Unsafe conditions
Other safety
Unsafe situations issues
Gaining Commitment
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
14
Observation Categories
…help sharpen & sort observations
Reactions of people
Positions of people
Personal protective
equipment
Tools and equipment
Procedures
Orderliness standards
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
15
Why are people
reluctant to approach
another person
around safe and
unsafe behavior?
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
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Contacting Someone Working Safely
Start with a positive comment.
Engage the employee in
conversation.
End with thanks.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
17
When Someone Is Working Unsafely
... a framework for the Audit Discussion
1. Observe; then contact.
2. Comment on safe behavior.
3. Discuss
Consequences of unsafe
act.
Safer ways to do the job.
If you comment...
– Express your concern.
– Focus on effects, not acts.
If you question...
– Question to explore.
– Question to learn, not to
teach.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
18
When Someone Is Working Unsafely
... a framework for the Audit Discussion
1. Observe; then contact.
2. Comment on safe behavior.
3. Discuss
Consequences of unsafe act.
Safer ways to do the job.
4. Get agreement to work safely.
5. Discuss other safety issues.
6. Thank the employee.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
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The Benefits of Safety Excellence
Improves business performance while protecting the
lives of employees and contract workers
Enhances existing business practices, including
environmental and health processes
Increases productivity while decreasing operating costs
Helps protect brand and public image
Leverages current strengths of your organization
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
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Safety Perception Survey – Useful Tool
2006 Leadership Structure Processes & Actions Key
Managers Strength
Supervisors Satisfactory
Professionals Weakness
Hourly Workers
2007 Leadership Structure Processes & Actions
Managers
Supervisors
Professionals
Hourly Workers
Sustainable culture improvement can not
be achieved overnight.
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
21
Sustaining a safety culture involves improving your
competency & execution in all of the cultural elements.
World Class V 1 00
Excellence IV 8 0
Skill III 6 0
Awareness II 4 0
Fundamentals I 2 0
Copyright © 2007 DuPont. All rights reserved. The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, and The miracles of science™ are registered trademarks or trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates.
