“Behavioural Based Safety”
Establishing A Safety Culture
Contents
• Poor Safety = Disasters
• History of Safety
• Why Behavioural Based Safety (BBS)?
• ABC Model
• The 6 Pillars of Behavioural Safety
• BBS Implementation in Rashpetco ( Case Study)
• Value Added
Poor Safety = Disasters
• Flixborough 1974 & Bhopol 1984 & Piper Alpha 1988
Flixborough 28 people died
Bhopol 3800 people died
Piper Alpha 60 people died
El TEMSAH DISASTER – EGYPT 2004
BP Explosion-Texas City 2005
Buncefield Disaster – UK 2005
BHN Disaster- India 2005
History Of Safety
Hardware
Incidents
Software
People Continuous
Improvement
Time
50s & 60s 70s & 80s Late 90s
Triple Constraint
Balanced Project
Time Cost
Scope
QHSSE
Robust Quality & Safety Systems = Enhanced Business Performance
Risk Management
Key Part in a Successful Project
Project Integration Management
Project Scope Management
Project Time Management
Project Cost Management
Project Quality Management
Human Resource Management
Communication Management
Project Risk Management
Project Procurement Management
Risk Management
Activities required to effectively identify, analyze,
and respond to project risks
• Risk Management Planning
• Risk Identification
• Qualitative Risk Analysis
• Quantitative Risk Analysis
• Risk Response Planning
• Risk Monitoring and Control
Iceberg Principle
Underlying Causes Of Incidents
Above the surface -
Risk Assessment tangible causes, eg.
Ethics systems, processes,
Procedure structures
Values
Beneath the surface or at
Attitudes the root of the tangible
causes
Behaviours
Beliefs
Causes Of Injuries
• Most injuries are caused by unsafe 4% Unsafe Conditions
acts and unsafe behaviors not unsafe
conditions and equipment.
• This is typical for all industries 96% Unsafe Acts
Safety Culture Maturity
GENERATIVE Safety inherent in the
Value driven
heart and mind
of the organisation
PROACTIVE
People Driven Safety
Continuous Improvement
(Independent-
Safety Actively Managed
Driven with Workforce
Interdependent )
System Managed
Safety (Dependency)
CALCULATIVE Systems managing
System Driven
health and safety risks
REACTIVE Avoidance Driven
Basic Systems
No Systematic
for managing loss
Management of
PATHOLOGICAL
Not Driven
Safety
No Systematic Management
Advantages of
Behavioural Measurement
1. Prediction of Incidents
1
2. Combination of Behaviour
Major 3. Free Learning Opportunities
4. Better Tracking
5. Better Understanding
29
Minor
300
Unsafe Acts
What is behavioural Safety?
It is a programme based on the principles of behavioural
psychology, also known as behaviour modification,
(BBS) is a technique for modifying behaviour of workers to
make them work safely.
• Uses behaviours as performance measure
• Removes barriers and motivates safe behaviour
Behavior is what a person DOES to
be safe or put themselves at-risk
Behavior is
objective,
observable,
and
measurable.
Behavioral Change
Requires an Understanding of the
ABC Model
Activators
Direct
Behavior
Motivate
Consequences
The ABC Model Explains
Why People Speed
Speed limit Open Sports
Activators signs Emergency road Police
car
Guide or direct No car
Sunny Late
the Behavior(s) cops
Drivers day
Others are
education speeding
Behavior Speeding
Consequences Wreck Fun!
Personal
Motivate the injury Ticket Waste Save
future occurrence gas time
Property
of the Behavior(s) Wear
damage
& tear
Consequences Influence
Behviours
The 6 Pillars of Behavioural Based Safety
Facilitate, Support
and Act upon
recommendations
Necessary to maintain
involvement and support
by employees and
Management alike.
Employee Management Goal setting is necessary
owned and
run process Ow Commitment for continual improvement
Inv nersh k& g
olv ip a c
em & e e db ettin
ent F al S
BBS
Go
e ness Ro
ot
BBS is all about
ar An -Cau
identifying the root-
All members of the Aw aising aly se causes of unsafe
organisation are R sis behaviours in order to
involved. Lack of correct them
awareness leads to Measurement effectively
lack of collaboration
Basic to know progress.
Continuously measuring
the percentage of safe
behaviours.
BBS : How it works?
Observation and
Feedback
Measurement
and Trends
Behavioural and Root
Cause Analysis 100
90
80
70
60
50
Implement 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
General PPE J ob Specific PPE
Recommendations
1st Pillar- Awareness Raising
BBS Committee
BBS Trainings Meetings
2nd Pillar-Measurement
3rd Pillar
Management Commitment
4th Pillar- Feedback
5th Pillar
Root Cause Analysis
6th Pillar- Ownership
Value Added
Employee involvement
• Reducing injuries/incidents
• Intervention/analysis/solutions
• Taking ownership/responsibility
• Actively caring
• Learning the ABC principles
(Activators, Behaviors, Consequences)
Value Added
• Provides behavior data –facts - that goes beyond
common sense
• Builds positive attitudes and positive
reinforcement
• Promotes coaching/education/teamwork
• Shifts thinking from priority to value
• Working safely without injuries
• Supports project schedules and budgets
We Need To Change our way of thinking
"It is not the strongest species
that survive, nor the most
intelligent: it is the one most
adaptable to change“
Charles Darwin
Thank You
