Who’s Reporting?
Caoile Sylvia Quicho Galan Dalay
MANAGE REPORTERS
Pre-Colonial
Philippines
Readings in Philippine History
Points Of Discussion
1 2 3 4
Archaeological Austronesian Epics as Earliest
Evidences of Sources of Record of
Human
Theories and
Indigenous Trade
Existence in Evidences People and Relations with
the Philippines Culture the Chinese
1
Archaeological
Evidences of
Human
Existence in
the Philippines
The Butchered Rhinoceros The Callao Man The Tabon Man
The Molars and Pre-Molars of
The Callao Man the Callao or the Hobbit Man - Tabon man is thought as the
- The carved bones are most earliest human in the PH
- Callao man was shorter than four
likely between 631,000 and before the discovery of
777,000 years old. feet and was just as comfortable Callao man in Callao cave
- The ancient toolmakers climbing trees as it was. in Cagayan in year 2007.
were clearly angling for a - The skullcap was dated
back to 14,500 B.C
meal. Two of the rhino’s - It was under the rocky floor of the - Discovered by Robert B.
limb bones are smashed in, Callao Cave the researchers Fox on May 26, 1962, an
as if someone was trying to discovered these fossils of the anthropologist of National
harvest and eat the marrow Museum of the Philippines
so-called CALLAO MAN. w
side. in Tabon cave, Lipuun point,
municipality of Quezon,
Palawan.
Paleolithic Age
Angono Petroglyphs Yawning Jarlet Bark-Cloth Beater Jade Artifacts
- The Angono - In 1965, Dr. Robert - Arku cave, Penablanca, - PH jade artifacts made
petroglyphs site B. Fox discovered a Cagayan 1255-605 B.C. from white and green
museum is situated unique artifact In
- It is a stone tool used for nephrite and dating as
the preparation of bark far back as 2000-1500
at the municipality if Leta-leta cave at
cloth. B.C.
Binangonan, lagen island, El - Early Palawenios - Has been discovered at
province of Rizal. nido, PH. fashioned the beaters a number of
- It was discovered in - Estimated to have from cylindrical stones archeological
1965 by national existed in 265 BC and use the stone excavations in the PH
artist, Carlos - The meaning behind beaters for pounding the since the 1930’s.
“Botong” Francisco that yawn is still a bark to loosen the pulp - Excavations in the PH
during a field trip with puzzle for the from the fiber. have yielded an
extensive amount of
a troop of boy scouts. experts.
nephrite artifacts.
Neolithic Age
Manunggul Jar Maitum Anthromorphic Pottery
- It is a secondary - The jars are anthromorphic;
burial jar excavated characterized by a design
from a burial site in that suggest human figures
with complete or partial
the Manuggul cave
facial features of the first
of the Tabon caves inhabitants of Mindanao.
at Lipuun point in
Palawan. - They give emphasis to the
- It dates from 890- Filipino’s popular belief of
710 B.C and the two life after death.
prominent figures at
the top handle of its
cover represent the
journey of the soul to
the afterlife.
Metal Age
2
Austronesian
Theories and
Evidences
HISTORY
SUMMARY
Austronesian sometimes referred to as the
Austronesian-speaking people.
Austronesian theory propounds on the
expansion of a group of people called the
Austronesians from Asia into the pacific by
means of Taiwan 6,000 years ago. It was a
theory proposed by Peter Bellwood a professor
of Archeology.
A Brief Discussion
The Austronesian migrations
began from the Chinese
mainland, reaching Taiwan first in
3500 BC then the Philippines by
3000 BC. they reached Sumatra
and Java by 2000 BC, Hawaii,
Easter Island and Madagascar by
500 AD, and etc.
The theory largely explains the
similarities in culture, language
and physical attributes in different
countries in the most Asian
countries and even Madagascar.
A Brief Discussion
Common To Austronesian
Languages:
The Austronesian language family is usually
divided into two branches: Malayo-Polynesian and
Formosan. The western sub-branch includes over 500
languages spoken in Madagascar, Malaysia, Indonesia
the Philippines, parts of Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam and
Cambodia.
Culture traces includes:
Aside from language, Austronesian peoples also
share to a varying degree common cultural
characteristics including widespread traditions and
technologies like tattooing, stilt houses, jade carving,
wetland agriculture and various rock art motifs. They
also share a common set of domesticated plants and
animals that were carried along with the migrations,
including rice, bananas, coconuts, breadfruits, Dioscuri
yams, taro, paper, mulberry, chickens, pigs and dogs.
Discussion
- Linguistic
Evidences
- Human
DNA
Evidences
- Animal DNA
Evidences
- Ocean
Voyaging
Technology
Evidences
3
Epics as
Sources of
Indigenous
People and
Culture
“Traditions in the Philippine Literature and History: Synthesis and Analysis”
By: Michael N. Quiros
1. The Philippines is rich in literary culture even before the colonizers came.
- Scholars pointed out that even before the Spaniards arrived, the Philippines had a substantial
amount of both written and oral literature.
2. Epics now serve as window of the past.
- Only a few works of pre-colonial literature have survived to the present day. Epics from ethnic
cultural monitories that have never been colonized act as historical windows. It's the kind that's committed
to memory and passed down through the generations by word of mouth.
2. Epics play a vital role in reproducing a structure of native society.
- Its purpose is to teach the tribe's young members about the tribe's values, history, worldview, as
well as the legitimacy of their rulers' power.
3. The Philippines is now a mix of indigenous and foreign culture.
- As time has passed, he concludes in his book that the Philippines now has a blend of indigenous
and foreign culture, as traditions have evolved with time, in which literature can attest.
By Michael Quiros
Here are some famous epics in the Philippines:
1. Biag ni Lam-Ang
- A pre-historic epic
poem by the Ilocano
people of the Ilocos
Region of the
Philippines. For
centuries, the tale
was passed on orally
until it was 2. Hinilawod
presumably written
down by a blind - Hinilawod is an epic poem orally
Ilokano named Pedro transmitted in central Panay, Philippines,
Bucaneg around from the early residents of a place called
1640. sulod. In general, the word “Hinilawod”
translates to “Tales from the mouth of the
Halawod River”.
EPICS
3. Kudaman
4. Darangen
- “Kudaman” is an epic
-The Darangen is an ancient epic song that
of Palawan. It
encompasses a wealth of knowledge of the
is dramatization of
Maranao people who live in the Lake Lanao
nature and social life, a
region of Mindanao. Comprising 17 cycles and
validation of the beliefs,
a total of 72,000 lines, the Darangen
ethics, way of life to
celebrates episodes from Maranao history and
Palawan culture. The
the tribulations of mythical heroes.
complete epic is
composed of six songs.
It takes seven nights to
perform the epic.
EPICS
4
Earliest
Record of
trade
relations
with China
CHU FAN CHI (1225)
CHINA
CHINA
BAYBAYIN SOCIAL CLASSES BOAT BUILDING AND
SEAMANSHIP
- is one of the During Pre-Hispanic times - Balangai: ancient plant
precolonial writing Filipinos can be divided boats utilized by pre-
systems used by according to these classes: colonial Filipino's. it has
early Filipinos. The The noble class called the a distinctive style of
term “baybayin” Maginoo; the freeman class marine architecture
comes from the called the Timawa; the which one extended
warrior class called the from Scandinavia to the
Tagalog root word
Maharlika; and the south pacific, from the
baybay, which indentured class called the
means “to spell.” third century BC. Until
Alipin. the present time in a few
remote comers of the
south seas.
Supplementary Info’s
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS BARANGAY
-The nature of religion in the - The barangay was the
pre-colonial Philippines is Filipino's earliest form of
often unclear. Religions government. It was an
present include animism, independent settlement
indigenous religious beliefs consisting of thirty to one
and mythologies such as Anito hundred families usually
and influences from Hinduism situated along a river bank or at
and Buddhism. The earliest the mouth of a river spilling out
pieces of evidence that exist to the sea. The term barangay
are archaeological finds was derived from the Malay
including Hindu–Buddhist gold word barangay or balangay,
statues. which means sailboat.
Supplementary Info’s
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Reporters: Sylvia, Quicho, Caoile, Galan and
Subject: Dalay
Reading’s in Philippine History
Teacher: Mherl Cortez-Acero
