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    Austronesian Vernacular Architecture

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    DIANE NAJIB
    This document provides an introduction to Austronesian vernacular architecture. It discusses the Austronesian language family, which includes over 1,200 languages spoken by about 350 million people across various Pacific islands and Southeast Asia. Austronesian culture is manifested in various art forms, social structures, and distinctive architectural styles. Key characteristics of Austronesian architecture include saddle-roofed houses with ornamented gable ends, pile foundations, and symbolic references to boats. Historic images and examples from various Austronesian regions are presented to illustrate these common architectural features and traditions.

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    Austronesian Vernacular Architecture

    Uploaded by

    DIANE NAJIB
    398 views37 pages
    This document provides an introduction to Austronesian vernacular architecture. It discusses the Austronesian language family, which includes over 1,200 languages spoken by about 350 million people across various Pacific islands and Southeast Asia. Austronesian culture is manifested in various art forms, social structures, and distinctive architectural styles. Key characteristics of Austronesian architecture include saddle-roofed houses with ornamented gable ends, pile foundations, and symbolic references to boats. Historic images and examples from various Austronesian regions are presented to illustrate these common architectural features and traditions.

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    AUSTRONESIAN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

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    This document provides an introduction to Austronesian vernacular architecture. It discusses the Austronesian language family, which includes over 1,200 languages spoken by about 350 million people across various Pacific islands and Southeast Asia. Austronesian culture is manifested in various art forms, social structures, and distinctive architectural styles. Key characteristics of Austronesian architecture include saddle-roofed houses with ornamented gable ends, pile foundations, and symbolic references to boats. Historic images and examples from various Austronesian regions are presented to illustrate these common architectural features and traditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    398 views37 pages

    Austronesian Vernacular Architecture

    Uploaded by

    DIANE NAJIB
    This document provides an introduction to Austronesian vernacular architecture. It discusses the Austronesian language family, which includes over 1,200 languages spoken by about 350 million people across various Pacific islands and Southeast Asia. Austronesian culture is manifested in various art forms, social structures, and distinctive architectural styles. Key characteristics of Austronesian architecture include saddle-roofed houses with ornamented gable ends, pile foundations, and symbolic references to boats. Historic images and examples from various Austronesian regions are presented to illustrate these common architectural features and traditions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Introduction to Austronesian

    Vernacular Architecture
    AUSTER = south wind (Latin)
    NESOS = island (Greek)
    VERNACULAR – Vernakular = indigenous, relating to a region
    Language, Culture & Architecture
    Austronesian Language Family

    • Formerly known as Malayo-Polynesian languages


    • 1268 languages, spoken by around 350 million people
    • Includes about one-fifth of the world’s languages.
    • From Madagascar on the extreme West, through the Malay Archipelagos
    to Easter Island on the eastern most point, the Malay Peninsular, scattered
    areas of Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, and Taiwan, Philippine Islands and
    certain parts of New Guinea
    • the Austronesian language family is among the world’s largest.
    Limits of the Austronesian Language Family (map by Bellwood)
    The limit of Austronesian
    languages family
    Austronesian Culture
    Definition Culture :

    ‘That complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, laws,
    customs and all other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a
    member of a society’ (Tylor 1871)

    • Comprises inherited artifacts, goods, technical processes, ideas, habits and values
    (Malinowski 1931)
    • May be in the form of (1) ideas, (2) activities and (3)artifacts.
    • Fundamental contents of culture:
    (i) language, (ii) knowledge system, (iii) social organization, (iv) facility system, (v)
    income generating system, (vi) religious system and (vii) arts.
    • Vernacular architecture is a manifestation of culture
    Dental Modification Rock art – toraja megalith

    Body arts- body


    tatooing

    Body arts- face tatoo


    Succession of forms in the development of the Austronesian boat
    Austronesian People

    Taiwanese Taiwanese Philippines


    Part II
    Austronesian Architecture
    Austronesian Architecture

    • Austronesian architecture is highly diverse,


    • often with striking designs;
    • but they all share certain characteristics that indicate a common origin
    • The reconstructed Proto-Austronesian and Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
    forms of various terms for "house", "building", or "granary" among the
    different linguistic subgroups of Austronesians include;

    • *Rumaq ("house")
    • *balay ("public building", "community house", or "guest house");
    • *lepaw ("hut", "field hut", or "granary");
    • *kamaliR ("bachelor's house" or "men's house");and
    • *banua ("inhabited land" or "community territory")
    • A Dong Son drum is a bronze drum created by
    the Dong Son culture in the Red River Delta of
    northern Vietnam. The drums were produced
    from about 600 BCE
    • Showing saddle roofed and pile built house
    Basic building
    principles
    • Pitched roofs with ornamented
    gables in the form crossed horn
    • Saddleback roofs
    • Reminiscent of boats
    • Walls almost always
    non-loadbearing
    • Held together without the use of nails

    • Raised floor on pile foundation


    • underneath space for storage
    or domestic animals
    • Mitigate damage during flooding
    • Defensive structure during earthquake
    Decorative finial
    in form of
    crossed horn
    A collection of Austronesian indigenous houses showing saddle
    roofs and gable horns, drawn by Vroklage in 1936 (Waterson 1997)
    A collection of Austronesian
    indigenous houses showing
    saddle roofs and gable horns,
    drawn by Vroklage in 1936
    (Waterson 1997)
    Boat as an architectural symbol
    Traditional house of Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia
    Karo Batak
    A house by the Lake Toba Sumatra
    House Sumatra
    Karo’s chief house Sumatra
    An aboriginal house, West Malaysia
    Istana Ampang, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
    The main
    sanctuary of Ise
    at Naiku (Young
    & Young 2004)
    The end

    Thank you

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