INDIAN VERNACULAR

ARCHITECTURE
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
KARNATAKA
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

• The Indian State of Karnataka is located 11°30' North and 18°30' North latitudes
and 74° East and 78°30' East longitude.
• It is situated on a tableland where the Western and Eastern Ghat ranges converge
into the complex, in the western part of the Deccan Peninsular region of India.
• Karnataka state covers an area of 1,91,976 sq.km with Arabian Sea to the west,
Goa to north –west, Maharashtra to north, AP to east, Tamil Nadu to south-east
and Kerala to south-west.
• Meteorologically it is divided into three zones – coastal, north interior and south
interior.
HISTORY OF PLACE AND SIGNIFICANCE

• In the ancient times Karnataka was known as Karunadu which means elevated land or high plateau, as a
reference to black soil found in that region. The history of Karnataka can be traced back to the prehistoric days.
• PRE-HISTORY – It was known to inhabitants of Karnataka even before 1200 B.C
• EARLY- HISTORY – The early history was between 4 th and 3rd century BCE under the rule of Maurya and
Nanda empire.
• MEDIEVAL HISTORY – Karnataka has been witnessed to the rise and fall of many dynasties and empires.
⮚ Kadamba dynasty – 325 A.D to 540 A.D
⮚ Western ganga dynasty – 325 A.D to 999 A.D
⮚ Badami chalukya dynasty – 500 A.D to 757 A.D
⮚ Rashtrakuta dynasty – 757 A.D to 973 A.D
⮚ Kalyana chalukya dynasty – 973 A.D to 1198 A.D
⮚ Hoysala dynasty – 1000 A.D to 1346 A.D
⮚ Vijayanagara dynasty – 1336 A.D to 1565 A.D
⮚ Bijapur sulatanate – 1490 A.D to 1686 A.D
• MODERN HISTORY - Modern history of Karnataka saw the emergence of Wodeyars of Mysore and Hyder Ali
as a significant political powers.
⮚ Nayakas of Keladi – 1500 A.D to 1763 A.D
⮚ Wodeyars of Mysore – 1399 A.D to 1761 A.D
⮚ Sulatanate of Srirangapattana – 1761 A.D to 1799 A.D
⮚ British takeover – 1831 A.D to 1881 A.D
⮚ Unification of Karnataka – 1956 A.D

Timeline of Karnataka
CLIMATE
• Karnataka enjoys a salubrious climate throughout the year.
• The state like all other states of the country experiences typical tropical climate comprising of three distinct
seasons.
• The state receives its annual quota of rainfall between winter and summer-monsoons.
• The tropical monsoon continues from June to September which covers the entire coastal belt and its adjoining
areas.
• The climate gets little humid between months of April and May. The monsoon starts at the beginning of May
and continues for three to four months.
• Due to its tropical climate, the state experiences heat waves during April- May and extensive rainfall during
June to August.
• Bangalore is called as the air-conditioned city of the country.
DEMOGRAPHY

• Karnataka, with a total population of 61,100,000, is one of the major states in South India.
• Among them 50.9% are male and 49.1% are female.
• The population density is 275.6 per sq.km
• The literacy rate is 66.6% with 76.1% as males and 56.9% as females.

83% of population are Hindu

11% are Muslim

4% are Christian

0.8 are Jain

0.7% are Buddhism

RELIGIOUS PRACTICES AND BELIEFS
• Several great empires and dynasties have ruled over Karnataka and many of them have contributed
richly to the growth of Hinduism, its temple culture and social development.
• These developments have reinforced the "Householder tradition", which is of disciplined domesticity,
though the saints who propagated Hinduism in the state and in the country were themselves ascetics.
• The Bhakti movement, of Hindu origin, is devoted to the worship of Shiva and Vishnu; it had a telling
impact on the sociocultural ethos of Karnataka from the 12th century onwards.
• Karnataka is marked by some of the most colourful festivals. In Mysore, Dasara is organized as Nada
Habba.
• The second important festival Karnataka is Ugadi. Karaga
• Karaga
• Makar Sankranti
• Karnataka as multi-religious country, some of the other festivals celebrated are Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Adha
and Moharram.
• Christmas, Easter and Good Friday.
• Buddhist and Jains celebrate Buddha Poornima and Mahavir Jayanti respectively.
• Sri Vithappa Fair
• Kannada Rajyotstava
• The Godachi Fair
Nada Habba
• Banashankari Devi Fair

Kannada Rajyotstava The Godachi Fair

Sri Vithappa Fair Banashankari Devi Fair

LIFESTYLE

• CLOTHING – Karnataka dresses portray elegance of South Indian clothing.

⮚ The men wear shirts or kurtas along with lungi on upper and lower body respectively.
⮚ Draping of Saree in Karnataka involves tying the pleats on back instead of front and a small portion of Pallu is
placed over the shoulder. This type can mainly be seen in Coorg style.
⮚ Mysore silk sarees are made with lustrous zari and rich silk.
⮚ The Kornadu sarees are a mix of cotton and silk. The motifs at the border are varied and the body of the saree
has checks or stripes.
⮚ Kasuti embroidery is special craft practiced in North Karnataka.

Coorg style Kornadu sarees

Kasuti embroidery
• CUISINE – Traditional Kannadiga cuisine is typically South Indian with a little bit of sweetness for added
measure.
• The feast of land includes Udupi, Mangalorean, Kodava, Kannadiga which varies with the geography.
• The cuisine is influenced from the neighbouring South Indian regions and from North Maharashtra.
• Rice, joli and ragi are the main cereals in Karnataka.
• Generous use of jaggery, palm sugar and little use of chilli powder.
• Deserts may include chiroti, mysore pak, holige and shavige payasa.

Kodava cuisine

Mangalorean cuisine

Udupi cuisine
• JEWELLERY- Lingayat women wear a gold necklace that consists of 30 pendants set in gold.
• Gem stone like black and red coral are offered to worship of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati.
• Children mainly wear a protective tiger claw amulets set in gold and suspended on a gold chain.
• The other ornaments worn by children are bell anklets.

Tiger claw amulet

Red coral gemstone

CULTURE

• ARTIFACTS – The woods used for ornamental working in India are Walnut, Sandalwood with its delicate
natural fragrance, is used in Mysore and few other places in South India.
• Some of these artifacts include materials like Sandalwood, Rosewood.
• Artifacts – 1. Bidriware
2. Doll making
3. Ivory Carving
4. Mysore Paintings
5. Stone Carving
Ivory Carving
Bidriware

Rosewood Idol
Sandalwood Idol
Mysore Paintings Stone Carving
• LANGUAGE – The state of Karnataka has strong cultural and historical background in the rich development of
language and literature of that region.
• Official language of the state is Kannada.
• The other minority languages spoken include Konkani, Marathi, Tulu, Kodava and Beary.
• Karnataka also contains some of the only places in India where Sanskrit is only spoken.

• MUSIC – Indian classical music has a special place for Karnataka as both Carnatic and Hindustani styles find a
place in the state.
• The twin cities of Hubli and Dharwad in the northern corner of Karnataka produced music maestros in the map of
Hindustani music.
• Contemporary artists such as Sangeet Katti, Praveen Godkhindi are the natives of Karnataka who are spreading
Hindustani music outside the state at present.
• Carnatic – The Haridasas of Karnataka are the pioneers in spreading the bhakthi.
• It was during the era of Vijayanagara rulers.
• All these compositions were in simple Kannada, the local language.
• The Veena along with Violin and Mridangam form the chief musical instruments.
• The contribution of Karnataka to the world of North Indian music has also been noteworthy.
• Folk Music - Janapada Geethe is another thriving music form of Karnataka.
• Particularly the tribal people had their own distinct songs and styles.
• Noteworthy among the folk music genre are the Vachanas of Basavanna, an ardent Shaivaite whose verses were
so lyrical that they got incorporated into Janapada Sangita.

Folk music

Carnatic
• Bharatanatyam received state patronage with Kanteerava Wodeyar
establishing a Bharatanatyam school in Srirangapatna.
• Not only palace dancers but also Devdasis or temple dancers excelled in the
art with their scholarship.
• Folk Dance – There are various dance forms in Karnataka. Yakshgana and
Dollu being the most admired and famous forms.
• There are many other dance forms in Karnataka which include Suggi Kunitha,
Kamsale, Veeragase
Suggi Kunitha

Yakshgana Kamsale

Bharatanatyam

Veeragase Dollu
• Traditional games include Chinni Dandu, Buguri, Kallu Gundu Ettuvudu, Chowkabara, Saalu Mane Aata
and Kambala

Chinni Dandu Buguri

Chowkabara Kambala (Buffalo Race)

GUTTHU HOUSE
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES

The main entrance door

and waiting area

Elaborate carvings on Detail carvings

pillars
View of seating area with Detail of joining of beam and
detailed roof rafters and pillars column

Wall painting at the

entrance
MATERIALS USED

Roof is made of Mangalore Seasoned timber is well-seasoned and waxed solid teak blocks
tiles used for carpentry as columns. Teak wooden rafts for roof.
detailing

Thick walls made of brick, Traditional locking system Marble or laterite for double floor
jaggery and straw made of brass height
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

• The structure of the house is typical of the manor or farm houses

of the region.
• clearly reflects in terms of the height of the openings, walls of the
building.
• The ancient architectural norms of Vaastu clearly play a major role
in the planning of the building.

View from the courtyard Elevation

Plan of Gutthu house

KODAVA HOUSE
ARCHITECTURAL
FEATURES

Central open courtyard

Massive columns at the

entrance

The veranda where the portraits

Main door of ancestors are displayed
MATERIALS USED

• The main house sits on a raised plinth of

compacted earth or laterite which extends
beyond the vertical walls.
• The walls of the house were made of a mixture
of mud, rice husk, and resin made into blocks,
placed side by side and in layers and built to Silhouette of the
height of acole (between two and three feet) at window
each stage before curing.
• The doors and window frames are introduced
while the walls were being constructed.
• The walls were made of a mixture of mud,
rice-husks and resin plastered with coloured
mud while pitched roof also housed an attic
that was accessed. Chulha in the kitchen
• Mangalore Tiles are used for the roof.

Kanni Kombare
CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND DETAILS

• The Coorg houses are generally situated close to paddy fields on a sheltering slope of ‘Bane’.
• Land surrounded by clamps of mountain trees. The position and type of building very much resemble those
of the Nayars of Malabars and Cochin.
• The ancestral house is marked by the deeply cut passage called Oni leading to the fort.
• An ideally built Ainmane resembles a fort.
• On festivals and important occasions members gather at Ainmane. The Ainmane has a sloping tiles roof to
face the on slot of the torrential monsoon.
• A narrow corridor runs all around the courtyard connecting the rooms.
• Usually, kitchen is at the rear side of the house to keep the smoke away.
• A one-storeyed square shaped building with an attic, the Ainmane has two doors at its entrance.
• The front region of this ancestral house is a canopied open hall called Kaiyale.
• It consists of a two feet high seater or thick wood plank which is used as a bench.
• The central Nadubaade would consist of three wooden poles.
• An integral part of Ainmane is Kaimada, an important structure built in the memory of the founder of
family.
Plinth detail of the Inner courtyard
Central Kalbotti in the forecourt house detail
• Padasale: The rectangular hall around
which the rooms are arranged.
• Mundu: The inevitable open courtyard
at the centre.
• Kanni Kombara: Prayer place where a
deity is installed.
• Kitchen: The mud oven or stove should
face the east.
GEOLOGY

• The Archean complex made up of Dharwad schists and granitic

gneisses.
• The Proterozoic non-fossiliferous sedimentary formations of the Kaladgi
and Bhima series.
• The Deccan trappean and intertrappean deposits: This is a part of the
Deccan.
• The tertiary and recent laterites and alluvial deposits: Laterite capping
are found over the Deccan Traps.
• Karnataka’s forest reserves only 20% of the total geographical area of the
state.
• Karnataka is known for its valuable timbers used in decorating interiors
of the homes.
• Karnataka accounts for a significant percentage of country’s surface
water resources i.e. nearly 6% (17 lakh million cubic metres)
• Eleven groups of soils are found in Karnataka depending upon the
agricultural capability. They are as follows:
⮚ Red soil
⮚ Black soil
⮚ Laterite soil
⮚ Alluvial soil
⮚ Forest soil
⮚ Coastal soil
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
IN
ANDHRA PRADESH
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
▪ Andhra Pradesh is composed of most of the eastern half of
the Deccan plateau and plains to the east of the Eastern
Ghats.
▪ Andhra Pradesh is divided into three regions.
i. Telangana
ii. Rayalaseema
iii. Costal Andhra

HISTORY OF THE PLACE

▪ Historians believe that the original people of 

Andhra Pradesh were Aryans. They migrated to the CLIMATE
south of Vindhyas and there they mixed up with
▪ Andhra Pradesh Climate is generally hot and humid
other races.

▪ It was called DAKSHIN PADH during those days. ▪ The state climate sepends on south-west monsoon
▪ Since the state has quite a long coastline, the winters
▪ A major part of Emperor Ashoka's kingdom, are comparatively mild.
Andhra Pradesh was an important Buddhist center
of that time. Several places in the state still bears the ▪ It is yearlong warm or hot. Due to the lesser rain the
traces of the Buddhist culture and influence. best time for traveling is from December to May. The
most rain days occur from June to October.
DEMOGRAPHY RELIGION 2001 2011
Hinduism 89.01 88.46
▪It has a population of 8.45 crores.
▪The population of Andhra Pradesh, from other states of India is Islam 9.17 9.55
highly diverse. Christianity 1.55 1.34
Jainism 0.05 0.06

LIFESTYLE Sikhism 0.04 0.05

Buddhism 0.04 0.04
▪ Fishermen with nets in central court of Houses Other 0.01 0.01
▪ Traditional Weavers House in Andhra Pradesh
▪ Bullocks for dairy
▪Agriculture communities built with materials in simple forms
which are convenient to their lifestyle,to protect their livestock,
storage and security

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
▪In Andhra Pradesh, the major religions are Hinduism, Islam,
Christianty and Buddhism.
▪Around the state you can find people following different
religious practices, along with their own notions and customs.
CULTURE
▪Professionally they are – food gatherers, hunters, small farmers
▪Andhra Pradesh has rich culture and heritage
▪Among all, Tholubommalata a shadow puppetry theatre is
famous folk art.
▪Kuchipudi, the cultural dance recognized as the official dance
form of the state of Andhra Pradesh.

BUILDING PLAN

Building layout is an essential factor that influences and

drives the planning of vernacular structures. The shape of a
building plan is correlated to many cultural, historical, and
urban planning traditions.
Kaccha buildings of Andhra Pradesh are of following types:
▪ Circular in plan with high thatched conical roofs
▪ Rectangular with two or four pitch roofs
▪ Chithulu
▪ Manduva Logili House
CHUTTILLU HOUSES-

 It had traditional mud huts with thatched roofs

named chuttillu meaning round house.
 Prone to cyclones, these houses were designed to
withstand high-pressure winds and rain.
 Fishermen and farmers built these houses in clusters,
and the walls were built with balls of mud to make them CHUTTILLU HOUSES
thick.
 Special rooms were allotted for storage of grains, farm
equipment, and items for the use of the family.  

BUILDING SIZE

The second fact of Indian vernacular architecture is the size of the

building. Based on the size of a building, they can be classified as-
⮚ Single story and Μulti-story buildings. The mixed use buildings
necessitate construction of an additional floor, which calls for
increased wall load - bearing capacity, especially if these walls also
need to withstand earthquake effects.
⮚ It should be noted that the building size is also related to the
population pattern and housing density in a given area
MANDUVA LOGILI HOUSES-

 In coastal Andhra Pradesh, especially in the villages of east

and west Godavari, Guntur, Nellore, Cuddapah and
Vijayanagaram district, one can find the ingenious Manduva
Logili houses
 Most of the Manduva Logili houses still found in Andhra
Pradesh date back to before the 1950s.
 At that time, the joint family system was the prevalent norm in
society, which explains the large area of a Manduva Logili
house
 These kind of house constructions are under extinction
because of urbanization, western culture influence and
downfall of traditional joint family system.
MANDUVA LOGILI HOUSE

VERNACULAR HOUSE OF PIPPARA VERNACULAR HOUSE OF GHANTASALA

TYPICAL PLAN & SECTION EAST GODAVARI VISHAKPATNAM

COASTAL ANDHRA RAYALASEEMA

MATERIALS USED-
 CHUTTILLU HOUSES-  HOUSE OF GHANTASALA VILLAGE-

 These are built with mud or mud and wattle, raised  Dwellings in Ghantasala are built using clay, clay blocks or
on a plinth decorated with finger marks in white bricks for wall
rice paste or vertical stripes of white and red ochre.  timber truss and clay pan tiles for roof and timber rafters
 The Chutillu is built with mud using the cob wall coupled with madras terracing for flat roof
technique mixing of mud, water and sometimes  timber for doors and windows and for ornamentation
straw to create a robust putty-like material.  clay plus red oxide or naapa stone tile for floor
 Thickly thatched roof projects and comes down
very low on all sides, even at the entrance.  HOUSE OF PIPPARA VILLAGE-

 Mud is used in the form of sun-dried bricks’ leading to a 35-45

cm thick wall. The houses extend a good thermal comfort.
 Raathi sunnam as its locally called is used for mortar as well
as fine plaster for the walls.
 Timber drop from the roof with Terracotta tiled roof
 Structural support and treatments-Bracing in timber & Floral
carving work depicting

 MANDUVA LOGILI-

 The walls of houses are constructed with gummy soils or red

coloured Mangalore or Vadapalli tiles and the roofs are
supported by logs of rosewood or teak wood.
 Top of the roof are covered with red tiles & the roof is
supported by several giant wooden pillars.
 While red bricks make the main structure of the walls. 
CONSTRUCTION METHOD & DETAILS-
 CHUTTILLU HOUSES-

 The interior of the house is divided into two or three rooms

 The inner circular room is used to stock grains during summer
and used as sleeping space during winters.
 It is enveloped by another circular space that serves as the
cooking area or VANTASALA just outside the house.
 The grain is stored in the inner room in clay urns.
 The circular house was based on the concept of a verandah and
again verandah & each house has a spacious verandah at the
entrance.
 There is sometimes a shelter for the cattle shed and chicken
 Because of extremely low overhang of the thatch roof, it is not
provided with windows.
 And the low overhang was to protect the mud walls from the
rains.  Houses with two
family units were
rooted and walled
in rectangular form.
 The walls are built
by the cob wall
technique of 18”
thick wall.
CONSTRUCTION METHOD & DETAILS-

 MANDUVA LOGILI-

 The inside of a typical Manduva Logili will have a common hall

with several spacious rooms spanning in all four directions.
 The roof of the house is supported by several giant wooden pillars.
 The houses typically had a common space that was open to the sky
and this allowed light and air to let into the house.
  A pit is constructed on the floor just below the open top, so that
rain water fall into the pit, and from there it goes out of the house
through drain. MANDUVA LOGILI HOUSE COPPER PILLAR   SIMHADAWARAM
 The homes have gorgeous carved main doors which are called
SIMHADWARAM.
  The terrace of the house is built in such a manner that all the
rainwater falling on the roof is redirected towards this dome.
 The hollow copper pillar connected to the underground sump,
channels the rainwater into the ground.
 Generally, a pit is constructed on the ground floor parallel to the
open dome on the terrace so that the rainwater falls directly into
this pit before getting redistributed across underground water
channels.
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES-

 Usage of bracing and floral carving work on column

 Open to sky supporting on several giant wooden pillars
 Arugu- sit out space as well as lobby
 Traditional huts painted with kolam patterns resembles mandala art
 Series of column in the entrance porch
VERNACULAR
ARCHITECTURE
OF TELANGANA
ABOUT TELANGANA:-

● Telangana became the 29th state of India on 2nd June 2014.It was previously a part of the
state that was earlier known as Andhra Pradesh.
● Before India became independent it was included in the state of Hyderabad ,which
comprised two divisions namely Warangal and Medak.
● HISTORY OF FORMATION OF TELANGANA:-
● The movement to create a separate state of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh
has started long back.There had been several movements but the most
important ones happened during 1969,1972 and 2009.
● The process of creating the separate state of telangana was initiated on 9 th
December 2009 with a formal announcement from Indian Government.
● Pranab Mukherjee the president of India provided his consent to the
decision 1st march 2014 and the Gazette notification for the same was
brought out on the same day.It was announced by the Indian Government
on 4th March 2014 that the new of Telangana would be created.
HISTORY OF TELANGANA :-

● The name Telangana refers to the word Trilinga Desa ,earned due to the presence of three ancient Shiva
Temples at Kaleshvaram,Srisilam,Draksharamam.
● A more historical resoning is that during the regin of Nizams ,the region was known as Telugu Angana to
differentiate it from the areas where Marathi was spoken.
● Telangana region has been ruled by great dynasties such as
Sathavahanas,Kakathiyas,Chalukyas,Mughals,Quthubshahis,Asfjahis.
● Kakathiyas contribution to architecture are considered most impressive while Sathavahanas ruled Telangana
region for about 400 years right from the 2 nd century B.C to beyond the 2nd century A.D.

The Ramappa
Temple Kakathiya Kala Thoranam
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION:-

● Telangana has an area of 1,14,800 kilometers and it is drained by two major rivers ,Krishna and Godavari.The
river Godavari flows on the north ,whereas Krishna flows in the south .
● Apart from these rivers ,there are other small rivers such as Bhima,Dindi,Manjeera,Manair,Kinnerasani,Moosi
etc which also flows through Telangana .
● 45% of the forest area of Andhra Pradesh is in the state of Telangana .
● It also has a vast coal deposit and around 20% of India’s coal deposit lies in Telangana .The coal produced from
this region is supplied to the states in south India.
● Telangana lies between 15’46’’ and 19’47’’ N latitude and 77’16’’ and 81’43’’ E longitude,and is bordered by the
states of Maharastra in the north and north-west,Karnataka in the west ,Chattisgarh in the north-east and
Andhra Pradesh in the south and east.
● Telangana is situated on the Deccan Plateau in the central search of the eastern seaboard of the Indian Peninsula.
● Telangana plateau has an area of about 57,370 sq miles,a north-south length is about 480 miles and an east-west
width of about 320 miles .
MAPS:-
DEMOGRAPHY:-

● Telangana is the 12th most populous state in India, with a population of 35,003,674 as per 2011 Census, with a 
population density of 312 per km2. The state has male and female population of 1,76,11,633 and 1,73,92,041
respectively with sex ratio (Females per 1000 Males) standing at 988. Decadal Growth Rate (2001-2011) Rate is
13.58%.[1]
Climate of Telangana:-

● Telangana is semi-arid area and has a predominantly hot and dry climate .
● Summer starts in march and peak in may with average high temperatures in the 42 degrees C range.
● The monsoon arrives in June and lasts until September with about 755mm of precipition .
● A dry mild winter starts in late November and lasts until early February with little humidity and average
temperatures in the 22-23 degree c range.
RAINFALL:-
● The state recives rainfall from south –west and north-east.
● There is a large variation in the distribution of rainfall,Telangana generally receives modest rainfall .The average
annual rainfall in the state is about 906mm,80 percent of which is received from the south-west monsoon.
HUMIDITY:-
● In Telangana humidity is as high as 80% during monsoon months.In the dry months of march,April and
may,humidity is generally low with an average of 25-30%.
MAPS:-
CULTURE AND TRADITION OF TELANGANA:-

● The cultural history of Telangana dates back almost 5000 years.Popular as the south of north,north of
south,Telangana is home to diverse cultures,traditions,arts and cultures.
Art and Culture of Telangana:-
● A vault of diverse cultures,Telangana is among the most creative states in india when it comes to culture and
arts of Telangana.
● One of the most famous art forms developed right since the 16 th century is the Golconda style.Another famous
form is the Hyderabad style which emerged under the Nizami influence around the 17 th century.
● Dokra is also an amazing art form whereby skilled artisans use brass to make spectacular figurines,idols of
gods/goddesses,horses,elephants,and other animals .
● Originating from Bidar in Karnataka ,Bidri art form is also highly prevalent in the state .This art is used to make
jewelry boxes,buttons,hokkahs,and other items.
MUSIC AND DANCE FORMS OF TELANGANA:-
● Telangana has a perfect mix of folk and Carnatic music.Popularly known as Bhakta Ramadasu,Kancherla
Gopanna was among the most famous Carnatic music composers and an ardent Rama devotee during the 17 th
century.
● The folk songs of Telangana played a crucial role in the agitation for statehood .
● Perini Thandavam is the traditional Telangana dance form name and is generally performed by menfolk.
● There is a spirited dancing by devotees during Bonalu ,on the most important festivals of Telangana .
LANGUAGES OF TELANGANA:-
● This is among the most popular parts of Telangana culture and tradition.Prior to 1948,the official language of
Telangana state was Urdu.
● Today approximately 76 % of people in Telangana state speak Telugu.About 12% speak Urdu and the remaining
12% speak other languages,known as Hyderabadi Hindi,an electric mix of Hindi and Urdu is also spoken here.
RELIGION OF TELANGANA STATE:-
● Until the 6th century ,Buddisim was the dominant religion.Currently the major religions of Telangana are
Hinduism,Islam, and Christiantinty with Hinduism being the most followed religion among these.
● The main deities of Hinduism are Vishnu,Shiva,Ganpathi and Hanuman.Warangal’s Thousand pillar Temple
and Vugra Narashimha swamy Temple at Yadagirigutta are among the oldest shrines in Telangana.
● TRADITIONAL DRESS OF TELANGANA:-
● The cotton producing units of Telangana are famous worldwide.The state is also renowed for its exquisite tie-
and –dye techniques.Women generally wear saris,chudidars and langa voni.
● The most famous saris of Telangana culture are Gadwal sari,Pochampally Silk Sari,and Ikat Sari.However many
women wear western clothes as well.
● Traditional dress for men folk in Telangana includes the Dhoti, otherwise known as Pancha.In the earlier
times,the Nizams and other nobles of Hyderabad preferred to wear Hyderabadi Sherwanis.
FESTIVALS OF TELANGANA:-
● With the state being home to so many different religions,Telangana has a myriad variety of exciting festivals
celebrated here.Part of Dussehra,Bathukamma ia unique festival in Telangana.According to lunar calaender ,it
falls sometime in September/October and is celebrated by Hindu women.
● Bonalu is another major festival of Telangana culture and tradition.Celebrated on a vast scale ,Bonalu is
absolutely fascinating to be a part of culture.
● Other major festivals of Telangana are Ramzan,Muharram,Christmas, and Easter.

Bonalu
Bathukamma
Dokra art Bidri art

Perini Thandavam Dance at Bonalu Ramadasu Carnatic Music

Religions of Telangana state

Traditional Dressing of Telangana state

Urdu
Telugu

Vegetarian Hyderabadi Biryani Nargisi kofta Double ka

cuisine meetha
TYPES OF VERNACULAR BUILDINGS
IN
TELANGANA
PROMINENCE OF VERNACULARITY IN TELANGANA :

1) Palatial houses also known as “GADIS” :

● The palatial houses popularly known ‘Gadis’ in Telangana
region have huge doors, courtyards, tall boundary walls
built of clay and many other unique features

● The Department of Archaeology and Museums is

working to bring some ‘gadis’ (fortresses), houses of
landlords who ruled parts of Telangana during the Qutb
Shahi and Asaf Jah dynasties.

● Director, Archaeology and Museums, N.R. Visalatchy, said

decided to declare gadis as protected monuments since
their architecture reflected the culture, raw material
availability in the area, traditions and climate.
Building Plan -

The Plans of Gadis were were huge & spacious with courtyards and the
entrances to these Gadis had Huge doors.

The Outer Boundary walls of these Gadis were tall and thick which were
built of clay.

Row of
Tall spaces
Boundary
walls

Entrance

Courtyard
2) Cob homes at Narayanapuram village, Nalgonda District :

● This quaint little village had these beautifully layered walls of cob commonly used in the all
the houses in the village.
● Walls are otherwise typically plastered with lime inside and left with a mud render on the outside.

● The road is easily a few feet above the courtyard

visible through the door and the laying of Nati (village)
roof tiles are quite different as to what one would see
in tamil nadu.
● A simple structure made out of repurposed oil cans on a high post set in the middle of a
courtyard

Road
level Entrance
courtyard
Materials Used for Construction in Vernacular Buildings in Telangana:

• Most of the buildings made of concrete slabs and frames

were skinned with brick and painted or clad with stone.

• Vernacular Architecture In Hyderabad : Beautiful building in Hussaini Alam.

• A simple structure made out of repurposed oil cans on a high post set in the middle of a
courtyard Similar to the one in Nalgonda District.
 Cob homes at Narayanapuram village

• Beautifully layered walls of cob

commonly used in the village

• Sample of earth used is less than 15%

clay.

• The soil is definitely very sandy.

• Walls are typically plastered with lime

inside and left with a mud render on the
outside.

• Little clay available was quite effectively

used
• The home which has this bidhouse, is the oldest
standing home around.

• Road is easily a few feet above the courtyard

visible through the door.

• Instead of Laying the tiles directly on thin purlins,

mud is cobbed.

• The roof tiles are cleaned, the mud replaced

once ever 10 years.

• The roofs are certainly more flatter and lower.

Bhawanti Houses

• The weaver’s houses from Telangana follow a  chitrasala, layout with three sections in the front
and the rooms at the back, housing a courtyard at the center
Materials Used:

• Usually built of bamboo, palmyra as

beams, and roof tiles in a semi-circular
shape.

• The Plinth is made of stone blocks with

mud mortar and the walls are either
Mud or Sundried bricks.

• Limited Decorations.

• Red Clay tiles used for roofing are

inclined in a slanted manner from all
the Sides.
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES

• COB homes are known to be small and size efficient.

• Building with cob falls under the umbrella of ‘Natural Building’. A cob house can be built from the
earth right beneath the building site .

• People are drawn to cob homes in large part due to their beauty and creative designs.

• Buildings are not limited to ninety degree angle .

• The main ingredients for making cob are :clay, sand and straw.
THANK
YOU ! GROUP-3

K.SHAMBHAVI- 18261AA015
K.VIJAYA KUMARI- 18261AA016
K.V. NIKITHA- 18261AA017
K.AKSHAY- 18261AA018
K.P. RAGHAVI- 18261AA019