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Lec 2 Skin and Its Appendages

The skin is the largest organ of the body that covers and protects all underlying structures. It has two main layers - the epidermis, which is the outermost layer, and the dermis below it. The dermis contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, sensory nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. The skin functions to protect the body from damage and microbes while also regulating temperature and enabling sensations like touch, pain, and temperature.

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Fareeha Kausar
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45 views10 pages

Lec 2 Skin and Its Appendages

The skin is the largest organ of the body that covers and protects all underlying structures. It has two main layers - the epidermis, which is the outermost layer, and the dermis below it. The dermis contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, sensory nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. The skin functions to protect the body from damage and microbes while also regulating temperature and enabling sensations like touch, pain, and temperature.

Uploaded by

Fareeha Kausar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Skin and its

Appendages
 The skin is the largest organ in the body and completely covers
the body
 It work to withstand the wear and tear that occurs in surrounding
regions
 It contains accessory structures: glands, hair and nails.
 It functions to:
 Protects the underlying structures from injury and from invasion by
microbes
 Contains sensory nerve endings that enable discrimination of pain,
temperature and touch
 Is involved in the regulation of body temperature.
 Epidermis:
 This is the most superficial layer
 Composed of stratified keratinised squamous epithelium
 It varies in thickness, being thickest on the palms of the hands and
Layers of the soles of the feet
skin  There are no blood vessels or nerve endings in the epidermis
 The surface cells are constantly rubbed off and replaced by new cell
lying beneath
 Hairs, secretions from sebaceous glands and ducts of sweat glands
pass through the epidermis to reach the surface
 Dermis:
 It lies beneath the epidermis
 The dermis is composed of dense connective tissue and collagen
fibers
 Collagen fiber hold water and give the skin tensile strength
 It shows considerable variation in thickness in different parts of the
body, tending to be thinner on the anterior than on the posterior
surface

 Blood and lymph vessels
Structure  Sensory nerve endings
present in  Sweat glands and their ducts
dermis  Hairs, arrector pili muscles and sebaceous glands
 Blood and lymph vessels:
 Arterioles and capillary branches supplying sweat glands, sebaceous
glands, hair follicles are present in dermis.
 Lymph vessels form a network throughout the dermis.
 Sensory nerve endings:
 Sensory receptors (specialised nerve endings) sensitive to touch,
temperature, pressure and pain are widely distributed in the dermis
 Nerve impulses, generated in the sensory receptors in the dermis,
are transmitted to the spinal cord by sensory nerve
 From there impulses are conducted to the sensory area of the
cerebrum where the sensations are perceived

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