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    Discourse Analysis Revisi Baru

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    suci mustikaa
    Spoken and written language have both similarities and differences. [1] Spoken language is transitory and allows for corrections, while written language is more permanent. [2] Spoken language relies more on context and implied meanings, whereas written language must be more explicit. [3] Both use grammar and vocabulary, but written language tends to be more complex with longer sentences. Tone, volume and other paralinguistic features differentiate spoken language, while written language uses punctuation and layout.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Discourse Analysis Revisi Baru

    Uploaded by

    suci mustikaa
    51 views22 pages
    Spoken and written language have both similarities and differences. [1] Spoken language is transitory and allows for corrections, while written language is more permanent. [2] Spoken language relies more on context and implied meanings, whereas written language must be more explicit. [3] Both use grammar and vocabulary, but written language tends to be more complex with longer sentences. Tone, volume and other paralinguistic features differentiate spoken language, while written language uses punctuation and layout.

    Original Title

    PPT DISCOURSE ANALYSIS REVISI BARU

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    Spoken and written language have both similarities and differences. [1] Spoken language is transitory and allows for corrections, while written language is more permanent. [2] Spoken language relies more on context and implied meanings, whereas written language must be more explicit. [3] Both use grammar and vocabulary, but written language tends to be more complex with longer sentences. Tone, volume and other paralinguistic features differentiate spoken language, while written language uses punctuation and layout.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    51 views22 pages

    Discourse Analysis Revisi Baru

    Uploaded by

    suci mustikaa
    Spoken and written language have both similarities and differences. [1] Spoken language is transitory and allows for corrections, while written language is more permanent. [2] Spoken language relies more on context and implied meanings, whereas written language must be more explicit. [3] Both use grammar and vocabulary, but written language tends to be more complex with longer sentences. Tone, volume and other paralinguistic features differentiate spoken language, while written language uses punctuation and layout.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    TEXT

    DEFINITION AND
    CHARACTERISTICS

    WRITTEN & SPOKEN


    Members:
    1. Muhammad Khoirul Huda (204180157)
    2. Salma Dyah Nirmala (204180133)
    3. Shania Sayyidati (204180134)
    4. Wahyu Safitri (204180148)
    DEFINITION OF TEXT

    Text can be used for both written and spoken language. It


    usually refers to a stretch, an extract or complete piece of
    writing or speech. Texts generally adhere to broad
    conventions and rules which determine the language and
    structure used in particular text types.
    THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TEXT
    • A written form of communication, which is a non-interactive nature.
    • Non-interactive in nature
    • Grammatical cohesion and structure of sentences are analysed
    • Usually in written form
    • Ex. Press reports, street signs, documents.
    The types of Text
    SPOKEN AND WRITTEN
    Definition spoken and written
    • Definition of Written Language
    A written language is the representation of language by means of a writing
    system. Written language is an invention, in the sense that it must be taught
    to children.
    • Definition of Spoken Language
    A spoken language is human natural language in which the word are uttered
    through the mount.
    CHARACTERISTIC
    S OF
    SPOKEN AND WRITTEN
    Characteristics of Spoken Language
    a. Repeating
    b. First Draft Status
    c. Vocabulary
    d. Grammar
    e. Intonation
    f. Variation in Speed
    g. Loudness or quietness
    Characteristics of Spoken Language

    h. Gesture – Body Language


    i. Stress
    j. Rhythm
    k. Pausing and Phrasing
    l. Conventionally
    m. Productive
    n. Displacement
    o. Pitch Ranger
    Characteristics of Written Language

    a. Final Draft Status


    b. Density of Content
    c. Grammar
    d. Neutrality of Social Roles
    e. Punctuation
    Characteristics of Written Language

    • There are many kinds of writing, but there is no single variety that directly
    compares to conversation in spoken language. Conversation, the most
    common kind of spoken language, is usually spontaneous, informal, and
    interactive
    • Most written language has some distinctive characteristics. It is usually
    planned, organized, and durable
    DIFFERENTS AND
    SIMILARITY
    BETWEEN
    SPOKEN AND WRITTEN
    the specific differences between spoken and written language

    No Spoken Written
    1 Usually transient, unless recorded, and Usually permanent and written texts cannot usually
    speakers can correct themselves and be changed once they have been printed/written out.
    change their utterances as they go along.

    2 Usually used for immediate interactions. Can communicate across time and space for as long
    as the particular language and writing system is still
    understood.

    3 tends to be full of repetitions, incomplete tends to be more complex and intricate than speech
    sentences, corrections and interruptions, with longer sentences and many subordinate
    with the exception of formal speeches clauses. The punctuation and layout of written texts
    and other scripted forms of speech, such also have no spoken equivalent. However some
    as news reports and scripts for plays and forms of written language, such as instant messages
    films. and email, are closer to spoken language.
    4 Spoken language is usually a dynamic Writers receive no immediate feedback from
    interaction between two or more people. their readers, except in computer-based
    Context and shared knowledge play a major communication. Therefore they cannot rely on
    role, so it is possible to leave much unsaid context to clarify things so there is more need to
    or indirectly implied. explain things clearly and unambiguously than in
    speech, except in written correspondence
    between people who know one another well.
    5 Can use timing, tone, volume, and timbre to Writers can make use of punctuation, headings,
    add emotional context. layout, colours and other graphical effects in their
    written texts. Such things are not available in
    speech
    6 Some types of vocabulary are used only or Written material can be read repeatedly and
    mainly in spoken language. These include closely analysed, and notes can be made on the
    slang expressions, and tags like y'know, like, writing surface. Only recorded speech can be
    etc. used in this way.
    7 Some grammatical constructions are only used in
    writing, as are some kinds of vocabulary, such as
    some complex chemical and legal terms.
    Similarities between spoken and written
    language
    • Both spoken and written language use a student’s
    knowledge of the five components of language
    (pragmatic, semantic, phonology, morphology,
    syntax).
    The Kind of Spoken and
    Written language
    SPOKEN LANGUAGE
    • Formal Spoken Language
    It means that we speak and express our ideas, feeling, and expression
    directly in formal situation.
    For example:
    a. Speech
    b. Master of Ceremony (MC) in a formal ceremony, such as national
    ceremony, the meeting of presidents, and so on.
    Formal Spoken Language

    c. Conversation with educated person, important person,


    the people who are older then us
    d. Broadcasting the news on radio and television.
    e. As moderator in a discussion.
    Non-Formal Spoken Language
    It means that we speak and express our ideas, feeling and expression directly
    in non-formal situation, but maybe in relax situation.
    For example:
    a. Conversation with friends, brother, sister, and people who are the same
    age with us.
    b. Master of ceremony (MC) in a non-formal ceremony, such as the friend
    birthday party.
    WRITTEN LANGUAGE
    • Formal Written Language
    It means that we write our ideas, feeling, and expression indirectly in formal
    situation.
    For example:
    a. Certificate f. letter of credit
    b. Document g. letter of trade
    c. Laws h. letter of sell and buy
    Non-formal Written Language
    It means that we write our ideas, feeling, and expression indirectly in non-
    formal situation.
    For example:
    a. Memo
    b. Notes
    c. Writing in diary
    THANKS YOU

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