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    Understanding Philosophies of Life: CE 30 1.B.1 From Philosophy For Life and Other Dangerous Situations by Jules Evans

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    Jay Ar Sibala
    1) The document discusses several philosophies of life including controlling emotions through examining beliefs, enjoying every moment by focusing on pleasures without pain, shaping the unconscious mind through positive self-talk or affirmations, and finding purpose and virtue. 2) Philosophers like Epictetus, Epicurus, Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle believed that people can change their interpretations, emotions, and actions by changing their beliefs, examining what really brings pleasure, using positive self-talk, and understanding their unique purpose. 3) The key idea is that people are not controlled by outside events but rather their own beliefs, interpretations, and unconscious thinking, which philosophy provides tools to understand and improve.

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    Understanding Philosophies of Life: CE 30 1.B.1 From Philosophy For Life and Other Dangerous Situations by Jules Evans

    Uploaded by

    Jay Ar Sibala
    50 views18 pages
    1) The document discusses several philosophies of life including controlling emotions through examining beliefs, enjoying every moment by focusing on pleasures without pain, shaping the unconscious mind through positive self-talk or affirmations, and finding purpose and virtue. 2) Philosophers like Epictetus, Epicurus, Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle believed that people can change their interpretations, emotions, and actions by changing their beliefs, examining what really brings pleasure, using positive self-talk, and understanding their unique purpose. 3) The key idea is that people are not controlled by outside events but rather their own beliefs, interpretations, and unconscious thinking, which philosophy provides tools to understand and improve.

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    Understanding-Philosophies-of-Life

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    1) The document discusses several philosophies of life including controlling emotions through examining beliefs, enjoying every moment by focusing on pleasures without pain, shaping the unconscious mind through positive self-talk or affirmations, and finding purpose and virtue. 2) Philosophers like Epictetus, Epicurus, Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle believed that people can change their interpretations, emotions, and actions by changing their beliefs, examining what really brings pleasure, using positive self-talk, and understanding their unique purpose. 3) The key idea is that people are not controlled by outside events but rather their own beliefs, interpretations, and unconscious thinking, which philosophy provides tools to understand and improve.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    50 views18 pages

    Understanding Philosophies of Life: CE 30 1.B.1 From Philosophy For Life and Other Dangerous Situations by Jules Evans

    Uploaded by

    Jay Ar Sibala
    1) The document discusses several philosophies of life including controlling emotions through examining beliefs, enjoying every moment by focusing on pleasures without pain, shaping the unconscious mind through positive self-talk or affirmations, and finding purpose and virtue. 2) Philosophers like Epictetus, Epicurus, Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle believed that people can change their interpretations, emotions, and actions by changing their beliefs, examining what really brings pleasure, using positive self-talk, and understanding their unique purpose. 3) The key idea is that people are not controlled by outside events but rather their own beliefs, interpretations, and unconscious thinking, which philosophy provides tools to understand and improve.

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    of 18

    UNDERSTANDING

    PHILOSOPHIES OF LIFE
    CE 30
    1.B.1
    FROM PHILOSOPHY FOR LIFE AND OTHER DANGEROUS SITUATIONS BY JULES EVANS
    BASIC IDEAS OF PHILOSOPHY

    1) We can know ourselves.


    2) We can change ourselves.
    3) We can create new habits of thinking, feeling and acting.
    4) We can use philosophy to create better lives.

    • What, then, is a ‘better’ life?


    WHAT IF YOU WERE ABLE TO CONTROL
    YOUR EMOTIONS INSTEAD OF BEING
    CONTROLLED BY THEM?
    Usually we presume that the way people act is a result of events
    in their lives.
    •event –> Person -> reaction
    WHAT IF YOU WERE ABLE TO CONTROL
    YOUR EMOTIONS INSTEAD OF BEING
    CONTROLLED BY THEM?
    • Epictetus: ‘Men are disturbed not by events, but by their
    opinions about events’.
    • In other words, our interpretation of events creates an emotion
    (disturbance) out of which we act. Our interpretations are
    shaped by our beliefs.
    WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE HAVE
    FALSE BELIEFS?

    • We interpret events wrongly, we feel in ways which don’t


    match the situation, we react inappropriately.
    • Change our beliefs, we change our interpretation, which
    changes our emotions, which changes our actions.
    WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE HAVE FALSE
    BELIEFS?

    For example, if I say hello to someone and they do not say hello
    back:
    If I do not examine my beliefs, I might be rude to them the next
    time I see them.
    WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE HAVE FALSE
    BELIEFS?

    • If I do examine my beliefs, I might see the following:


    • They did not say hello -> I believe they do not like me -> I
    interpret their action as a rejection of me -> I feel hurt and
    angry -> I react rudely.
    WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE HAVE FALSE
    BELIEFS?

    • I might look at my belief and realize I have no reason to


    believe they do not like me – instead, there are more likely
    possibilities: they did not recognize me, I did not speak loudly
    enough, they were preoccupied with some concern of theirs.
    • Now, my belief is that the person likes me, but something else
    prevented them from returning my hello – perhaps something
    difficult and consuming.
    • Same event, now interpreted as a signal something is wrong,
    making me feel curious and compassionate, prompting me to
    go back and ask how they are doing
    WHAT IF YOU WERE FREE TO ENJOY
    EVERY MOMENT?
    Epicurus looked around and noticed a few things about life.
    •we actually don't need that much to survive and experience
    pleasure
    •if we focus on what gives pleasure without also causing pain, we
    can easily be happy
    •instead, though, we hold false beliefs that keep us from pursuing
    pleasure
    WHAT IF YOU WERE FREE TO ENJOY
    EVERY MOMENT?
    • So we should discover what gave the most pleasure without
    also giving pain. Then do it.

    • Epicurius saw that, while wine gave momentary pleasure, it


    gave even greater pain the next morning. 
    • So wisdom was about identifying what pleasures were really
    "worth it“.
    WHAT IF YOU WERE ABLE TO SHAPE
    YOUR UNCONSCIOUS MIND?
    • We like to think our minds are rational – yet the vast majority
    of choices we make unconsciously, and even irrationally.
    • That is, we make choices without thinking, and even when we
    think, our thinking is not logical.
    WHAT IF YOU WERE ABLE TO SHAPE
    YOUR UNCONSCIOUS MIND?
    • One thing we do is tell ourselves things we believe – now we
    call it ‘self-talk’
    • “I’m no good at that.” “I could never do that.” “They would
    never like me.”
    • These are examples of negative self-talk.
    WHAT IF YOU WERE ABLE TO SHAPE
    YOUR UNCONSCIOUS MIND?
    • What Pythorgas (the triangle guy!) taught was that our minds
    listen to everything we think and say.
    • So if we think and say negative things, we become negative; if
    we think positively, we become positive.
    • Therefore, Pythogoras taught his students to memorize
    maxims.
    SOME MAXIMS:

    • “Know yourself”
    • “No one can harm you without your permission.”
    • “Nothing to excess.”

    I know it sounds like a cat poster,


    but it’s true.
    WHAT IF YOU WERE ABLE TO SHAPE
    YOUR UNCONSCIOUS MIND?
    • Modern research has confirmed Pythagoras’s insight: when we
    think in certain ways, we become what we think.
    • “Power Phrases” or “Affirmations” are other words for these
    “maxims”
    WHAT IF YOU COULD TOUCH
    PERFECTION?
    • Plato believed in the reality of absolute Truth, Beauty and
    Justice, and thought the world we see only palely imitated true
    reality.
    • If we put things in their proper order, including developing our
    minds to control our desires and emotions, we could
    experience true reality.
    WHAT IF YOU KNEW YOUR PURPOSE?

    • Aristotle believed our minds could shape our desires and


    emotions, towards virtue: the ability to do the right thing at the
    right time.

    • He believed humans find happiness in fulfilling the purpose


    they are designed for. While human purpose is distinct from
    tree purpose, every person in every moment has unique
    purpose.
    What if you could touch What if you knew your
    perfection? purpose?

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