COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus which is believed to have originated in animal reservoirs like pangolins before spreading to humans. The virus causes symptoms like cough, fever and shortness of breath and can lead to pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is transmitted between people through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing and may also spread through contact or fecal contamination. Testing for COVID-19 uses RT-PCR and prevention focuses on good hand hygiene, social distancing and use of masks or PPE, especially for healthcare workers.