[Link] IS DISK MANAGEMENT?
--storage devices are used to store system data and users data on a system
--disk management is an in-built tool of windows operating system for managing disk
and drives
--an administrator uses disk management tool for proper management of hard disk
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[Link] TO OPEN DISK MANAGEMENT?
A)THROUGH COMMAND LINE
windows+[Link]
B)THROUGH GRAPHICALLY
this pc--rc--manage--disk management
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[Link] ARE THE PARAMETERS WE CAN SEE USING disk management tool?
i)types of disk connected to the computer(hard disk,cd,dvd)
ii)number of hard disk connected to the system(disk0,disk1 and so on.)
iii)the size of every disk(60gb,10gb,40gb etc.)
iv)numbers f partitions per disk
v)types of partittions(primary,extended)
vi)we can see the size of the partitions
vii)file system of every partition
viii)drive letter of each partition
ix)types of hard disk(basic,dynamic)
x)we can extended(if unallocated space is there) or the shrink the volume
xi)create the partition
xii)delete a partition
xiii)format a partittion
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[Link] IS PARTITION?
--a prtition is a logical division of a hard disk
--it is treated as separate storage unit by operatring system and file system
--every partition has a unique drive letter
--drive letter is used to identify the partition by the operating system
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[Link] IS PARTITION TABLE?
--a partition table is a 64bit data structure which provides basic informations of
a computer's OS
--this is the permanent structure that inform the OS or boot record how information
on a hard disk is to be stored
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[Link] OF PARTITION STYLES?
--there are 2 types of partition styles
i)MBR(master boot record)
ii)GPT(GUID<globally unique identifier> Partition Table)
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[Link] BETWEEN MBR and GPT?
i)In MBR we have maximum 4 primary partitions but in GPT we can have maximum 128
primary partitions
ii)in MBR maximum partition size is 2TB but GPT support larger than 2TB
iii)MBR is in market from 1980 but GPT is the successor of MBR
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[Link] IS SECTOR?
--the smallest unit of storage of any hard disk is called as sector
--the size of a sector is 512 bytes
--track=0,sector=1 is called as MBR
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[Link] IS CLUSTER?
--the smallest unit of storing any file in a hard disk is called as cluster
--collection of sectors also called as cluster
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[Link] MAINTENANCE
--for the optimum usage of hard disk, we need to maintain the disk properly
--there are 3 main common problems with disk
i)fragmentation
ii)disk cleanup
ii)capacity
iii)damage
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[Link] AND VOLUME MANAGEMENT AT THE COMMAND PROMPT
i)diskpart
ii)list disk--USED TO SEE TOTAL NUMBER OF HARD DISKS ARE CONNECTED
iii)select disk <disk number>
iv)detail disk
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[Link] OF DISK?
--there are 2 types of disk
i)basic disk
ii)dynamic disk
i)basic disk
--this is a types of hard disk which is available in windows operating system
--we can convert basic disk into dynamic disk without loosing data
*command---select disk <disk number>--convert dynamic
--in basic disk storage units are called as partitions
--parttions are 2 types
a)primary
b)extended
--partitions combinations
1P+1E
2P+1E
3P+1E
4P+0E
--basic disk support both MBR & GPT partition style
--logical drives are created within the extended partitions
--basic disk are the most common types of disk used in windows os
--the primary partitions and the logical drives are formatted with NTFS(New
Technology File system)
ii)dynamic disk
--IT IS CREATED BY USING THE UNUSED SPACE OF SEVERAL PHYSICAL HARD DISKS
--in DYNAMIC disk storage units are called as volumes
--dynamic disk support 5 types of volumes
--data on dynamic disk will be lost while converting from dynamic disk to basic
disk
--we can create fault tolerance volume
--dynamic disk support both MBR & GPT partition style
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[Link] OF VOLUMES
--there are 5 types of volumes in a dynamic disk
a)simple volume
b)spanned volume
c)stripped volume
d)mirrored volume
e)RAID-5
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[Link] VOLIUME
--any logical partition created in dynamic disk is called as simple volume
--simplest way of creating a volume in a dynamic disk
--only one hard disk is required
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[Link] TO CREATE SIMPLE VOLUME?
[Link]--rc on unallocated space--new simple volume--next--select the
volume size(in our case we have taken 2000mb means 2gb)--next--assign dtive
letter(in our case we have taken e: drive)--select file system(we have taken
NTFS)--next--finish--we can see a 2GB simple volume is created using drive letter
E: with file system NTFS
OUTPUT:-
open this pc we can see a newly drive is created as drive letter E:
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[Link] volume
--need more than one hard disk(minimum 2)
--it consist of taking any unused space from every hard disk
--data is stored in the unused space of first hard disk then spanned to the next
hard disk and then to the next and so on
--no fault tolerance is there because if one of the physical disk fails then whole
dynamic disk will be lost
--only we can use the unused space of hard disk
--data is written one by one(sequentially)
--data writing speed is slow because it writes the data sequentially(one after
another)
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[Link] SPANNED VOLUME
i)attach two more hatd disk
disk1=10gb
disk2=10gb
settings--add--select hard disk--next--select typ of hard disk(SCSI)--next--create
a new virtual hard disk--next--select the size of hard disk(10gb)--select store
virtual disk as a single file--next--finish--ok
ii)convert the disks into dynamic
[Link]--rc on disk--select disk0 and disk 1--convert to dynamic
iii)create spanned volume
select disk1--rc--new spanned volume--next--select disk0--select amount of
storage(5GB)--add--disk1--select amount of storage(9GB)--next==assign the drive
letter(E:)--select the file ssytem(NTFS)
iv)verify the disk
--open this pc--we can see a newly generated drive as E:
v)check the fault tolerance
--create a folder in spanned volume E:--open disk management--delete one of the
volume used for creating the spanned volume--we can see no spanned volume exists
vi)check the spanned volume
--open this pc--we cant see no E: drive any more--means spanned volume does not
provide any fault tolerance
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[Link] VOLUME(RAID-0)
--need more than one hard disk(min.2)
--it is created by using the equal amount of space from all the hard disks
--it writes the data on both the hard disk simultaneouly in sripped manner
--only we can use the unused space of hard disks
--no fault tolerance is there because if one of the physical disk fails then whole
dynamic disk will be lost
--it improves the performance as data is written simultaneouly on all disks as
stripped manner
--data read and write is faster
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[Link] STRIPPED VOLUME
i)attach two more hatd disk
disk1=10gb
disk2=12gb
settings--add--select hard disk--next--select typ of hard disk(SCSI)--next--create
a new virtual hard disk--next--select the size of hard disk(10gb)--select store
virtual disk as a single file--next--finish--ok
ii)convert the disks into dynamic
[Link]--rc on disk--select disk0 and disk 1--convert to dynamic
iii)create spanned volume
select disk1--rc--new stripped volume--next--select disk0--select amount of
storage(8gb)--add--disk1--select amount of storage(8gb-by default)--next--assign
the drive letter(G:)--select the file ssytem(NTFS)--next--finish
iv)verify the disk
--open this pc--we can see a newly generated drive as G:
v)check the fault tolerance
--create a folder in spanned volume G:--open disk management--delete one of the
volume used for creating the spanned volume--we can see no spanned volume exists
vi)check the spanned volume
--open this pc--we cant see no G: drive any more--means spanned volume does not
provide any fault tolerance
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[Link] VOLUME(RAID-1)
--need only two hard disks
--one hard disk stores the data and another hard disk takes the backup and both
works parallely
--every disk take equal amount of storage space
--fault tolerance is there because if one of the hard disk fails then we can
recover the data from the another hard disk
--implementation is costly because only one hard disk is working and another hard
disk is in stand by mode
convert basic disk into dynamuic disk---without loosing the data
convert dynamic disk to basic disk--all data will be deleted
if you want to convert dynamic disk into basic disk then keep the backup must
e)RAID-5
[Link] IS THE NEED OF EXTENDED PARTITION?
[Link] DO YOU MEAN BY ACTIVE PRIMARY PARTITION?
--THE PARTITION WHICH IS CURRENTLY ACTIVE AND RUNNING THE OS
[Link] MANY ACTIVE PRIMARY PARTITION IS POSSIBLE?
--ONLY ONE
[Link] BETWEEN THE BASIC DISK AND DYNAMIC DISK?
[Link] ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE SPANNED VOLUME AND STRIPPED VOLUME?
[Link] DISK MANAGEMENT CONSOLE
[Link] ARRAYS
[Link] STATE INDICATIONS
[Link] SYSTEM
