Module 2 – Séance 3
Configuring local storage
Malik Arnold GERALDO
Version Officielle de Microsoft
Modifiée pour faciliter l’explication
Module Overview
• Managing disks in Windows Server
• Managing volumes in Windows Server
Lesson 1: Managing disks in Windows Server
• Selecting a partition table format
• Selecting a disk type
• Selecting a file system
• Using .vhd and .vhdx file types
• Selecting a disk type
Selecting a partition table format
MBR
• Standard partition table format since early 1980s
• Supports a maximum of four primary partitions per
drive
• Can partition a disk up to 2 TB
GPT
• GPT is the successor of the MBR partition table format
• Supports a maximum of 128 partitions per drive
• Can partition a disk up to 18 exabytes
✓ Use MBR for disks smaller than 2 TB
✓ Use GPT for disks larger than 2 TB
Selecting a disk type
Basic disks are:
• Disks initialized for basic storage
• The default storage for the Windows operating system
Dynamic disks can:
• Be modified without restarting the Windows system
• Provide several options for configuring volumes
Disk volume requirements include:
• A system volume for hardware-specific files that are
required to start the server
• A boot volume for the Windows operating system files
Selecting a file system
When selecting a file system, consider the differences between
FAT, NTFS, and ReFS
FAT provides:
• Basic file system
• Partition size limitations
• FAT32 to enable larger disks
• exFAT developed for flash drives
NTFS provides:
• Metadata
• Auditing and journaling
• Security (ACLs and encryption)
ReFS provides:
• Backward compatibility support for NTFS
• Enhanced data verification and error correction
• Support for larger files, directories, and volumes
Using .vhd and .vhdx file types
• Virtual hard disks are files that you can use the same
as physical hard disks
• You can:
• Create and manage virtual hard disks by using Disk
Management and Diskpart.exe
• Configure .vhd or .vhdx files
• Configure computers to start from the virtual hard disk
• Transfer virtual hard disks from Hyper-V servers, and
start computers from the virtual hard disk
• Use virtual hard disks as a deployment technology
Selecting a disk type
As performance
increases, so does
cost SSD
SAS
Performance
SCSI
SATA
EIDE Cost
Lesson 2: Managing volumes in Windows Server
• What are disk volumes?
• Options for managing volumes
• Demonstration: Managing volumes
• Extending and shrinking a volume
• What is RAID?
• RAID levels
What are disk volumes?
Windows Server 2016 supports the following volume
types:
• Simple: Assez identique à une partition principale sur
un disque de base, il utilise un espace de stockage libre
sur un seul disque. L’agrandissement du volume peut
se faire sur le même disque.
• Spanned: Un volume fractionné consiste à configurer
un volume simple utilisant plusieurs disques.
Néanmoins, comme pour le volume simple, cette
solution ne possède pas de tolérance de panne. En cas
de casse d’un disque, les données sont perdues. Les
partitions qui seront utilisées peuvent avoir des tailles
différentes
Source: edition-eni.fr -Windows Server 2016 - Installation, gestion du stockage et des traitements
What are disk volumes?
Windows Server 2016 supports the following
volume types:
• Striped: Un volume agrégé par bande n’apporte
pas de tolérance de panne, il offre néanmoins la
possibilité d’obtenir de meilleurs temps de
réponse. En effet, le volume s’étend sur deux ou
plusieurs disques. Ainsi, les données sont
allouées de manière alternative et uniforme à
l’ensemble des disques physiques. Les partitions
qui seront utilisées doivent être de même tailles
(Raid 0)
Source: edition-eni.fr -Windows Server 2016 - Installation, gestion du stockage et des
traitements
What are disk volumes?
Windows Server 2016 supports the following volume
types:
• Mirrored: Volume mirroir à tolérance de pannes qui
duplique les données sur deux disques physiques. Un
volume en miroir assure la redondance des données à
l'aide de deux volumes identiques, qui sont appelés
miroirs, pour dupliquer les informations contenues
dans le volume. Le miroir se trouve toujours sur un
disque différent. En cas de défaillance d'un des
disques physiques, les données qu'il contient ne sont
plus disponibles, mais le système continue de
fonctionner sur le miroir du disque restant.
• RAID-5
• https://dictionnaire.babylon-software.com/volume_en_miroir/
Options for managing volumes
Options for managing volumes
Options for managing volumes
Options for managing volumes
• Get-disk
• Clear-disk
• Initialize-disk
• Get-volume
• Format-volume
Demonstration: Managing volumes
In this demonstration, you will see how to:
• Create a new volume with Diskpart
• Create a mirrored volume
Création de volume avec Diskpart
TP: Utilisation de Diskpart
10 minutes
Extending and shrinking a volume
• You can resize volumes with Windows Server
2016
• When you want to resize a disk, consider the
following:
• You can extend or shrink NTFS volumes
• You can only extend ReFS volumes
• You cannot resize FAT/FAT32/exFAT volumes
• You cannot shrink a volume with bad clusters
What is RAID?
RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks,
parfois Redundant Array of Independent Disks):
• Combines multiple disks into a single logical unit to
provide fault tolerance and performance
• Provides fault tolerance by using:
• Disk mirroring
• Parity information
• Can provide performance benefits by spreading disk
I/O across multiple disks
• Can be configured using several different levels
• Should not replace server backups
RAID levels
RAID 0
Striped set without parity or mirroring
A1 A2
A3 A4
A5 A6
A7 A8
Disk 0 Disk 1
RAID levels
RAID 1
Mirrored drives
A1 A1
A2 A2
A3 A3
A4 A4
Disk 0 Disk 1
RAID levels
RAID 5
Block level striped set with parity distributed across all disks
A1 A2 A3 A4 Ap
B1 B2 B3 Bp B4
C1 C2 Cp C3 C4
D1 Dp D2 D3 D4
Disk 0 Disk 1 Disk 2 Disk 3 Disk 4
RAID levels
RAID 6
Block level striped set with parity distributed across all disks
A1 A2 A3 A4 Ap Ap
B1 B2 B3 Bp Bp B4
C1 C2 Cp Cp C3 C4
D1 Dp Dp D2 D3 D4
Disk 0 Disk 1 Disk 2 Disk 3 Disk 4 Disk 5
RAID levels
RAID 1 + 0
Each pair of disks is mirrored, then the mirrored disks are striped
A1 Striped A5 A9 A13
A2 A6 A10 A14
A3 A7 A11 A15
A4 A8 A12 A16
Mirrored
Disk 0 Disk 1 Disk 2 Disk 3
A1 A5 A9 A13
A2 A6 A10 A14
A3 A7 A11 A15
A4 A8 A12 A16
Disk 4 Disk 5 Disk 6 Disk 7
