LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
QUARTER: 2nd / SEMESTER: 2nd /WEEK: 8.b
Name: ________________________________________________ Score: _______
Grade & Section: __________________________ Subject: GENERALPHYSICS 1
Name of Teacher: _________________________________ Date: _____________
I. Title: Thermodynamics
II. Type of Activity: Concept notes with formative activities
LAS for summative assessment ( Written Work Performance Task)
III. MELC: Explain the connection between the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics,
temperature, thermal equilibrium, and temperature scales (STEM_GP12TH-IIg-49).
Convert temperatures and temperature differences in the following scales:
Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin (STEM_GP12TH-IIg-50). Define coefficient of thermal
expansion and coefficient of volume expansion (STEM_GP12TH-IIg-51). Calculate
volume or length changes of solids due to changes in temperature (STEM_GP12TH-
IIg-52). Solve problems involving temperature, thermal expansion, heat capacity,
heat transfer, and thermal equilibrium in contexts such as, but not limited to, the
design of bridges and train rails using steel, relative severity of steam burns and
water burns, thermal insulation, sizes of stars, and surface temperatures of planets
(STEM_GP12TH-IIg-53). Enumerate the properties of an ideal gas
(STEM_GP12GLTIIh-57); Solve problems involving ideal gas equations in contexts
such as, but not limited to, the design of metal containers for compressed gases
(STEM_GP12GLTIIh-58) Interpret PV diagrams of a thermodynamic process
(STEM_GP12GLTIIh-60); Compute the work done by a gas using dW=PdV
(STEM_GP12GLTIIh-61); State the relationship between changes internal energy,
work done, and thermal energy supplied through the First Law of Thermodynamics
(STEM_GP12GLTIIh-62); Differentiate the following thermodynamic processes and
show them on a PV diagram: isochoric, isobaric, isothermal, adiabatic, and cyclic
(STEM_GP12GLTIIh-63); Calculate the efficiency of a heat engine
(STEM_GP12GLTIII-67); Describe reversible and irreversible processes
(STEM_GP12GLTIIi-68); Explain how entropy is a measure of disorder
(STEM_GP12GLTIIi-69); State the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
(STEM_GP12GLTIIi-70); Calculate entropy changes for various processes e.g.,
isothermal process, free expansion, constant pressure process, etc.
(STEM_GP12GLTIIi-71).
IV. Learning Objective/s:
Assess students’ understanding of the concept of Thermodynamics.
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V. Summative Test
[Link] Choice
Directions: Read the items very carefully and select the letter of the correct answer.
1. The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that:
A. Two thermodynamic systems are always in thermal equilibrium with
each other.
B. If two systems are in thermal equilibrium, then the third system will also
be in thermal equilibrium.
C. Two systems not in thermal equilibrium with a third system will also not
in thermal equilibrium with each other.
D. When two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they
are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
2. Two blocks which are at different states are brought in contact with each other
and allowed to reach a final state of thermal equilibrium. The final temperature
attained is specified by which law of thermodynamics?
A. Zeroth C. Second
B. First D. Third
3. A healthy person has a body temperature of 98.6 °F. What is this temperature
in Kelvin?
A. 37 C. 371
B. 273 D. 310
4. Assertion (A): If an alcohol thermometer and mercury thermometer read
exactly 0°C at the ice point and 100°C at the steam point and the distance
between the two points is divided into 100 equal parts in both thermometers,
the two thermometers will give exactly the same reading at 50°C.
Reason (R): Temperature scales are arbitrary.
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
5. Which of the following refers to the fractional length for every 1 Kelvin change
in temperature?
A. Coefficient of linear expansion
B. Coefficient of volume expansion
C. Coefficient of friction
D. Planck’s constant
6. A 10 foot long bat and a 100 foot long steel bar (both lengths measured at
70°F are both re-measured at 100°F. Which of the following statements is
true?
A. A 100 foot bar and 10 foot bar will increase in length by the same
amount.
B. A 100 foot bar and 10 foot bar will decrease in length by the same
amount.
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C. The 100 foot bar will increase in length more than the 10 foot bar will.
D. The 100 foot bar will increase in length less than the 10 foot bar will
7. A brass rod is 0.70 m long at 40°C. What is the length of the ro at 50°C if the
coefficient of linear expansion is 19 x 10-6 / °C?
A. 0.70130 m C. 0.80200 m
B. 0.70013 m D. 0.80021 m
8. When the metal lid of the glass jar is tight, holding the lid under hot water for a
short time will often make it easier to open. Why?
A. Metals generally expand more than glass for the same temperature
change.
B. Glasses generally expand more than metals for the same temperature
change.
C. Glasses and metals expand at the same rate for the same
temperature.
D. The how water magically opens the jar.
9. Which of the following is true?
A. The basic components of a calorimeter are water, a thermometer, and
an isolated system.
B. The basic components of a calorimeter are water, a thermometer, and
an open system.
C. A calorimeter is used to measure changes in potential energy.
D. None of the above
10. Which of the following is most true?
A. The heat capacity of a calorimeter takes into account the heat that all
parts of the calorimeter can lose.
B. The heat capacity of a calorimeter incorporates the heat capacity of the
water, thermometer, and stirrer.
C. You cannot assume that the heat capacity of a bomb calorimeter is
small enough to be negligible.
D. The heat capacity of a calorimeter takes into account the heat that all
parts of the calorimeter can gain.
11. The specific heat capacity of water is 4180 J kg-1 °C-1. If 877.8 J of energy are
added to a volume of water to raise its temperature to from 20°C to 50°C,
what mass of water has been heated?
A. 0.007 kg C. 70 kg
B. 7 kg D. 700 kg
12. A 30 g sample of metal was heated in a hot water bath to 80°C. It was then
quickly transferred to a coffee-cup calorimeter. The calorimeter contained a
100.0 g of water at a temperature of 20°C. The final temperature of the
contents of the calorimeter was 25°C. What is the specific heat capacity of the
metal?
A. -0.66 J kg-1°C-1 C. -1.27 J kg-1°C-1
B. 1.27 J kg °C
-1 -1
D. -11.4 J kg-1°C-1
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13. Study the table below:
Specific Heat
Substance Capacity
(J kg-1°C-1)
Aluminum 902
Glycerol 2400
Lead 128
Silica 1033
What 2 kg material has its temperature raised by 20°C if its given 41,320 J of
energy?
A. Aluminum C. Lead
B. Glycerol D. Silica
14. What method of heat transfer can occur in a vacuum?
A. Conduction C. Radiation
B. Convection D. All of the abov
15. What surfaces best emit infrared radiation?
A. Black C. Violet
B. Red D. White
16. A metal ball 3 cm in radius is heated in a furnace to 500°C. If its emissivity is
0.5, at what rate does it radiate energy?
A. 72.445 W C. 151.83 W
B. 114.37 W D. 303.66 W
17. Calculate the heat loss from a space craft of surface area 25.0 m2 and at a
temperature of 300 K if the radiation that it receives from the Sun is equivalent
to a temperature in space of 50 K. Assume that the spacecraft behaves as a
black body.
A. 11.5 kW C. 115 kW
B. 35.6 kW D. 222 Kw
18. Which of the following is NOT true about ideal gases?
A. An ideal gas consists of a large number of different molecules.
B. The volume occupied by the molecules themselves is negligible
compared to the volume occupied by the gas.
C. The molecules obey Newton's laws of motion, and they move in
random motion.
D. The molecules experience forces only during collisions; any collisions
are completely elastic, and take a negligible amount of time.
19. An ideal gas sealed in a container at constant volume. If the temperature T is
increased to 4T, the pressure will be:
A. Unchanged C. Decreased to 4P
B. Increased to 4P D. Cannot be determined.
20. Can the following condition exist: A 20 liter container with 128g of oxygen gas
(O2= 32 g/mol) at a pressure of 5atm and temperature of 304.65K?
A. No, this is impossible.
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B. No, there is a violation of the ideal gas law.
C. Yes, this condition follows the ideal gas law.
D. Yes, oxygen molecules always follow the ideal gas law.
21. Which of the following conditions would cause the ideal gas laws to fail?
A. High pressure
B. High volume
C. High temperature
D. High number of molecules
22. A closed thermodynamic system in one which:
A. There is no energy or mass transfer across the boundary
B. There is no mass transfer, but energy transfer exists
C. There is no energy transfer, but mass transfer exists
D. Both energy and mass transfer take place across the boundary, but the
mass transfer is controlled by valves
23. Which of the following is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system?
A. Density C. Temperature
B. Pressure D. Volume
24. Which of the following refers to the energy of the motions of atoms or
molecules within an object or system?
A. Enthalpy C. Heat
B. Entropy D. Internal energy
25. Which of the following PV-diagrams below represents an isochoric process?
26. In which one of the following processes, in a closed system the thermal
energy transferred to a gas is completely converted to internal energy
resulting in an increase in gas temperature?
A. Adiabatic process C. Isothermal process
B. Isochoric process D. Free expansion
27. When a system is taken from state A to state B
along the path A-C-B, 180 kJ of heat flows into the
system and it does 130 kJ of work (as shown in the
diagram to the right).
How much heat will flow into the system along the
path A-D-B if the work done by it along the path is
40 kJ?
A. 40 kJ C. 90 kJ
B. 60 kJ D. 135 kJ
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28. In the closed thermodynamic cycle shown in P-V diagram to the right, the
work done by the gas is:
A. Negative
B. Positive
C. Zero
D. Cannot be determined without more information
29. Referring to the diagram to the right,
which one of the following is the correct
sequence of the three processes A, B, C
in the increasing order of the amount of
work done by a gas following ideas gas
expansions by these processes?
A. A-B-C
B. A-C-B
C. B-A-C
D. C-A-B
30. Which concept does the first law of thermodynamics describes?
A. Conservation of energy
B. Conservation of mass
C. Work-Heat Equivalence
D. Conservation of momentum
31. What process occurs when ∆ U=0, so that the first law of thermodynamics
takes the form of Q=W?
A. isovolumetric C. adiabatic
B. isothermal D. isolated
32. A steam engine takes in 2750 J of energy as heat, gives up 1550 J of energy
as heat to its surroundings, and does 850 J of work. What is the change in the
internal energy of the engine?
A. 350 J C. 3450 J
B. 2050 J D. 5150 J
33. Assertion (A): Heat cannot spontaneously pass from a colder system to a
hotter system without simultaneously producing other effect on the
surroundings.
Reason (R): External work must be put into heat pump so that heat can be
transferred from a cold to a hot body.
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
34. A refrigerator removes a quantity of energy as heat from inside the refrigerator
and transfers this energy to the air outside the refrigerator. Which statement
correctly describes how this is done?
A. Work is done on the system, so that energy can be transferred as heat
from a low temperature to a high temperature.
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B. Work is done by the system, so that energy can be transferred as heat
from a low temperature to a high temperature.
C. Energy is transferred as heat spontaneously from the high temperature
inside the refrigerator to the low temperature outside.
D. Energy is transferred as heat spontaneously from the low temperature
inside the refrigerator to the high temperature outside.
35. A heat engine takes in 900 J of heat from a high temperature reservoir and
produces 300 J of work in each cycle. What is its efficiency?
A. 3 % C. 33 %
B. 13 % D. 73 %
36. Find the efficiency of the ideal device illustrated in the
diagram to the right.
A. 1.07 %
B. 6.8 %
C. 7.3 %
D. 50%
37. Which device could the diagram in item 36 represent?
A. A heat pump C. A refrigerator
B. A heat engine D. Both a and b
38. An inventor claims to have developed an engine that takes in 1000 J of heat
and produces 1500 J of work during each cycle. Is the inventor’s claim
possible?
A. Yes, the work done is less than the amount of heat supplied.
B. Yes, it obeys the first law of thermodynamics.
C. No, it is a violation of the first law of thermodynamics.
D. Inconclusive, more information is needed.
39. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. The increase in entropy is obtained from a given quantity of heat
transfer at a low temperature.
B. The change in entropy may be regarded as a measure of the rate of
availability of heat for transformation into work.
C. The entropy represents the maximum amount of work obtainable per
degree drop in temperature.
D. All of the above.
40. An ice tray contains 500g of water. Calculate the change in entropy of the
water as it freezes completely and slowly at 0°C? (The latent heat of fusion of
water is 333000 J/kg.
A. -610 J/K C. -166 J/K
B. +610 J/K D. +166 J/K
41. Consider the statements below.
An irreversible process:
1) Entropy always increases
2) The sum of the entropy of all the bodies taking part in the
process always increases.
3) Once destroyed, entropy cannot be destroyed.
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Which statements are correct?
A. 1 and 2 C. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 3 D. 1,2, and 3
42. A heat engine received 100 kW of heat at a constant temperature of 285°C
and rejects 492 kW of heat at 5°C. Consider the following thermodynamic
cycles in this regard:
1) Carnot cycle
2) Reversible cycle
3) Irreversible cycle
Which of these cycles could possibly be executed by the engine?
A. 1 only C. 3 only
B. 1 and 2 D. None of 1,2, and 3
43. Which of the following is the correct order of the steps in the Carnot Cycle?
A. Isothermal expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression,
adiabatic compression.
B. Isobaric expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression,
isobaric compression.
C. Isothermal expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal expansion,
adiabatic expansion.
D. Isobaric expansion, adiabatic compression, isothermal compression,
adiabatic compression.
44. The Carnot efficiency of a heat engine depends on:
A. the amount of work done by the system only
B. The temperature of the hot and the cold reservoir only.
C. He temperature of the hot and cold reservoir and the amount of heat
transferred.
D. the amount of heat drawn from the hot reservoir, the amount of heat
deposited in the cold reservoir, and the amount of work done by the
system.
45. A Carnot engine operates between 327°C and 27°C. If the engine produces
300 kJ of work, the entropy change during heat addition is:
A. 0.5 kJ/K C. 1.5 kJ/K
B. 1.0 kJ/K D. 2.0 kJ/K
46. Assertion (A): Efficiency of reversible engine operating between temperature
limits T1 and T2 is maximum.
Reason (R): Efficiency of a reversible engine is greater than of an irreversible
engine.
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true.
47. As ice melts, the average kinetic energy of ice particles:
A. decreases C. reduces to zero
B. increases D. remains constant
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48. Heat spontaneously flowing from a cold body to a hot body violates which law
of thermodynamics?
A. Zeroth C. Second
B. First D. Third
49. What is the change in entropy when 100 g of ice at 0°C melt into 100 g of
water at 0°C if the latent heat for ice is 80 calories/gram?
A. 20.9 cal/K C. 82.6 cal/K
B. 29.3 cal/K D. 243 cal/K
50. Which one of the following statements is TRUE?
A. In any physical process that uses energy to do work, all the energy will
be transformed into useful work if we wait long enough.
B. If we could construct a frictionless heat engine we could then transform
all the energy we put into the heat engine into useful work.
C. In any physical process that uses energy to do work, some of the
energy we put into the system can never be transformed into useful
work.
D. NONE of the above statements is true.
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