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The passage illustrates how we view the word “primitive” and the trend toward modern primitivism.
“Primitive” often evokes stereotypical images of unsophisticated and tribal societies, focusing solely on
survival. In the 19th century, indigenous people were even wrongly believed to be less advanced than
human. However, increasing number of people now view “primitive” as representing a life unspoiled by
industrialization. There is even a "modern primitivism" movement in the West, in which they experience
body modifications as a form of spiritual exploration and self-expression. The reason is that individuals
find it challenging to seek answers for life’s questions, therefore turning to tribal traditions, which seems
to be harmonious with the environment. However, genuine understanding calls for direct engagement
with these cultures, not just selective imitation.

2.

The bar chart illustrates the percentage of different reasons why adults choose to pursue education and
the pie chart shows the public opinion on how the costs of adult education should be divided.
Overall, personal interest is the key driver for adult education. Additionally, there is a preference for
costs to be primarily covered by individuals and employers rather than taxpayers.
There are 40% of respondents choosing to study because of personal aspirations, followed by 38%
refering to acquiring qualifications as the main goal. Enjoyment of learning and career advancement are
the reasons of 20% of participants. The two least popular motivations are to change occupations and to
socialize, accounting for 12% and 9% respectively.
In terms of the divison of costs, 40% of participants believe individuals should cover most of the costs.
The next largest group, comprising 35% of respondents, feel that employers should be responsible. A
smaller percentage, 25%, think taxpayers should help cover education expenses
3.
There is an ongoing debate about the role of academic stress in preparing students for the challenges of
work life. While some argue that a certain level of stress is beneficial for students to cope with work-life
stress, others contend that children should be allowed to enjoy their school years free from tension. This
essay will offer valid points for each prospectives before presenting my personal stance.
On the one hand, many people argue that experiencing stress at school serves as a crucial preparation
for the demands of the workplace. In professional settings, employees often face tight deadlines and
high performance expectations. These challenges can be overwhelming without the right coping
mechanisms and resilience. However, thanks to frequent exposure to stress during their education,
students can learn how to perform efficiently under pressure. On a psychological level, moderate stress
can act as a motivational tool. When students set goals and experience the stress of working towards
them, the eventual achievement provides a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment. This sense of
achievement can boost self-confidence and encourage a proactive attitude.
On the other hand, proponents of a stress-free school environment believe that children should not be
burdened with excessive tension. Firstly, academic pressure can have serious consequences on students'
mental well-being. High stress levels often lead to anxiety, depression, and burnout, not only hindering
academic performance but also affecting overall health. These mental health issues can carry over into
the workplace, where employees might struggle to manage stress effectively, leading to decreased
productivity and job satisfaction. Secondly, when students are not constantly overwhelmed by tests and
competition, they are more likely develop genuine interest and creativity. This freedom fosters critical
thinking and problem-solving skills, all of which are essential in professional settings. By nurturing
intrinsic motivation and a love for learning, schools can help students foster lifelong learning and
professional skills needed for success in their careers.
In conclusion, while academic stress can help students be prepared for professional pressure, a stress-
free academic environment promotes well-being and genuine interest for education. From my
perspective, the latter should be prioritized, since it can ensure students are healthy and able to thrive
later in life. Meanwhile, preparation for the work-life stress can be achieved through a focus on real-
world experiences, rather than through tension at school.

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