Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY MAIN CAMPUS

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
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6300 Tagbilaran City
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the Country.

ME REFRESHER COURSE 2
ELEMENTS HANDOUT 2

CHAPTER 1: THERMODYNAMICS PART 2

1. The mass per unit volume of any substance.

A. Density
B. Specific volume
C. Specific weight
D. Specific gravity
Answer: A
2. This force of gravity on unit volume is
A. Density
B. Specific volume
C. Specific weight
D. Specific gravity
Answer: C
3. The reciprocal of density is
A. Specific volume
B. Specific weight
C. Specific gravity
D. Specific heat
Answer: A
4. Avogadro's number, a fundamental constant of nature, is the number of molecules in a gram-mole. This
constant is
A. 6.05222 x 1023
B. 6.02252 x 1023
C. 6.20522 x 1023
D. 6.60222 x 1023
Answer: B
5. The ratio of the gas constant to Avogadro's number is:
A. Maxwell's constant
B. Boltzmann's constant
C. Napier's constant
D. Joule's constant
Answer: B
6. The absolute zero on the Fahrenheit scale is at
A. -459.7 °F
B. 459.7 °F
C. -273.15 °C
D. 273.15 °C
Answer: A
7. Absolute temperatures on the Fahrenheit scale are called
A. degrees Rankine
B. degrees Kelvin
C. absolute Fahrenheit
D. absolute Celsius
Answer: A
8. The absolute zero on the Celsius scale is at
A. -459.7 °F
B. 459.7 °F
C. -273.15 °C
D. 273.15 °C
Answer: C
9. What is the absolute temperature in Celsius scale?
A. degrees Rankine
B. degrees Kelvin
C. absolute Fahrenheit
D. absolute Celsius
Answer: B
10. The Fahrenheit scale was introduced by Gabriel Fahrenheit of Amsterdam, Holland in what year?
A. 1592
B. 1742
C. 1730
D. 1720
Answer: D
11. The Centigrade scale was introduced by Anders Celsius in what year?
A. 1592
B. 1742
C. 1730
D. 1720
Answer: B
12. The National Bureau of Standards uses, among others, the liquid-vapor equilibrium of hydrogen at
A. -196 °C
B. 196 °C
C. 253 °C
D. - 253 °C
Answer: D
13. The National Bureau of Standards uses, among others, the liquid - vapor equilibrium of nitrogen at
A. -196 °C
B. 196 °C
C. 253 °C
D. - 253 °C
Answer: A
14. The liquid - vapor equilibrium of Oxygen is at what temperature?
A. 197.82 °C
B. -197.82°C
C. 182. 97°C
D. 182.97 °C
Answer: D
15. The solid - liquid equilibrium of Mercury is at what temperature?
A. 38.87°C
B. -38.87°C
C. 37.88°C
D. -37.88°C
Answer: B
16. The solid - liquid equilibrium of Tin is at what temperature?
A. -38.87°C
B. 38.87°C
C. 231.9°C
D. -231.9°C
Answer: C
17. The solid - liquid equilibrium of Zinc is at what temperature?
A. 231.9°C
B. 419.505 °C
C. 444.60 °C
D. 630.5 °C
Answer: B
18. The liquid - vapor equilibrium of Sulfur is at what temperature?
A. 231.9 °C
B. 419.505 °C
C. 444.60 °C
D. 630.5 °C
Answer: C
19. The device that measures temperature by the electromotive force.
A. thermometer
B. thermocouple
C. electro-thermometer
D. thermoseebeck
Answer: B
20. The emf is a function of the temperature difference between the junction, a phenomenon called:
A. Seebeck effect
B. Stagnation effect
C. Primming
D. Electromotive force
Answer: A
21. The device that measure temperature by the electromotive force called thermocouple was discovered by:
A. Galileo
B. Fahrenheit
C. Celsius
D. Seebeck
Answer: D
22. When two bodies, isolated from other environment, are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, the two are in
thermal equilibrium with each other.
A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
B. First law of thermodynamics
C. Second law of thermodynamics
D. Third law of thermodynamics
Answer: A
23. The total entropy of pure substances approaches zero as the absolute thermodynamic temperature
approaches zero.
A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
B. First law of thermodynamics
C. Second law of thermodynamics
D. Third law of thermodynamics
Answer: D
24. If anyone or more properties of a system change, the system is said to have undergone a _______.
A. cycle
B. process
C. flow
D. control
Answer: B
25. When a certain mass of fluid in a particular state passes through a series of processes and returns to its
initial state, it undergoes a:
A. revolution
B. rotation
C. process
D. cycle
Answer: D
26. The term given to the collection of matter under consideration enclosed within a boundary.
A. System
B. Matter
C. Environment
D. Atoms
Answer: A
27. The region outside the boundary or the space and matter external to a system:
A. Ex-system
B. Surrounding
C. Matter
D. Extension
Answer: B
28. The true pressure measured above a perfect vacuum.
A. Absolute pressure
B. Gage pressure
C. Atmospheric pressure
D. Vacuum pressure
Answer: A
29. The pressure measured from the level of atmospheric pressure by most pressure recording instrument like
pressure gauge and open-ended manometer.
A. Gage pressure
B. Atmospheric pressure
C. Barometric pressure
D. Absolute pressure
Answer: A
30. The pressure of obtained from barometric reading.
A. Absolute pressure
B. Gage pressure
C. Atmospheric pressure
D. Vacuum pressure
Answer: C
31. It is a form of energy associated with the kinetic random motion of large number of molecules.
A. Internal energy
B. Kinetic energy
C. Heat
D. Enthalpy
Answer: C
32. The heat needed to change the temperature of the body without changing its phase.
A. latent heat
B. sensible heat
C. specific heat
D. heat transfer
Answer: B
33. The heat needed by the body to change its phase without changing its temperature.
A. latent heat
B. sensible heat
C. specific heat
D. heat transfer
Answer: A
34. The measure of the randomness of the molecules of a substance.
A. Enthalpy
B. Internal energy
C. Entropy
D. Heat
Answer: C
35. The heat energy transferred to a substance at a constant pressure process is:
A. Enthalpy
B. heat
C. internal energy
D. entropy
Answer: A
36. It is the energy stored within the body.
A. Enthalpy
B. Heat
C. Internal energy
D. Entropy
Answer: C
37. A theoretically ideal gas which is strictly follows Boyle's law and Charles' law of gases.
A. Universal gas
B. Perfect gas
C. Combined gas
D. Imperfect gas
Answer: B
38. In our confined gas, if the absolute temperature is held constant, the volume is inversely proportional to the
absolute pressure.
A. Boyle's law
B. Charles' law
C. Dalton's law
D. Avogadro's law
Answer: A
39. In a confined gas if the absolute pressure is held constant the volume is directly proportional to the absolute
departure.
A. Boyle's law
B. Charles' law
C. Dalton's law
D. Avogadro's law
Answer: B
40. The pressure exerted in a vessel by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures that each
separate gas would exert if it alone occupied the whole volume of the vessel.
A. Boyle's law
B. Charles' law
C. Dalton's law
D. Avogadro's law
Answer: C
41. At equal volume, at the same temperature and pressure conditions, the gases contain the same number of
molecules.
A. Boyle's law
B. Charles' law
C. Dalton's law
D. Avogadro's law
Answer: D
42. A process in which the system departs from equilibrium state only infinitesimally at every instant.
A. Reversible process
B. Irreversible process
C. Cyclic process
D. Quasi-static process
Answer: D
43. A process which gives the same states/conditions after the system undergoes a series of processes:
A. Reversible process
B. Irreversible process
C. Cyclic process
D. Quasi-static process
Answer: C
44. A thermodynamic system that generally serves as a heat source or heat sink for another system.
A. Combustion chamber
B. Heat reservoir
C. Heat engine
D. Stirling engine
Answer: B
45. A thermodynamic system that operates continuously with only energy (heat and work) crossing its
boundaries; its boundaries are impervious to the flow of mass.
A. Heat engine
B. Steady flow work
C. Stirling engine
D. Ericsson engine
Answer: A
46. A surface that is impervious to heat is
A. Isothermal surface
B. Adiabatic surface
C. Isochoric surface
D. Isobaric surface
Answer: B
47. One of the consequences of Einstein's theory of relativity is that mass may be converted into energy and
energy into mass, the relation being given by the famous equation E = mc^2. What is the value of the speed of
light c?
A. 2.7797 x 1010 cm/s
B. 2.9979 x 1010 cm/s
C. 1.7797 x 1010 cm/s
D. 1.9979 x 1010 cm/s
Answer: B
48. In the polytropic process we have pv^n = constant, if the value of n is infinitely large, the process is called:
A. constant volume process
B. constant pressure process
C. constant temperature process
D. adiabatic process
Answer: A
49. The thermodynamic cycle used in a thermal power plant is:
A. Ericsson
B. Brayton
C. Joule
D. Rankine
Answer: D
50. For the same heat input and same compression ratio
A. both Otto cycle and Diesel cycle are equally efficient
B. Otto cycle is less efficient than Diesel cycle
C. efficiency depends mainly on working substance
D. none of the above is correct
Answer: C
51. A heat exchange process where in the product of pressure and volume remains constant called:
A. heat exchange process
B. isentropic process
C. throttling process
D. hyperbolic process
Answer: D
52. Which of the following provides the basis for measuring thermodynamic property of temperature?
A. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
B. First law of thermodynamics
C. Second law of thermodynamics
D. Third law of thermodynamics
Answer: A
53. 1 watt equals
A. 1 Nm/s
B. 1 Nm/min
C. 1 Nm/hr
D. 1kNm/hr
Answer: A
54. Under ideal conditions, isothermal, isobaric, isochoric and adiabatic processes are:
A. dynamic processes
B. stable processes
C. quasi-static processes
D. static processes
Answer: C
55. Isentropic flow is:
A. perfect gas flow
B. irreversible adiabatic flow
C. ideal fluid flow
D. reversible adiabatic flow
Answer: D
56. Exhaust gases from an engine possess
A. solar energy
B. kinetic energy
C. chemical energy
D. stored energy
Answer: B
57. The extension and compression of a helical spring is an example of what process?
A. isothermal cycle
B. thermodynamic process
C. Adiabatic process
D. reversible process
Answer: D
58. At critical point the latent enthalpy of vaporization is
A. dependent on temperature
B. zero
C. minimum
D. maximum
Answer: B
59. Which of the following relations is not applicable in a free expansion process?
A. heat supplied is zero
B. heat rejected is zero
C. work done is zero
D. change in temperature is zero
Answer: D
60. The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which:
A. the solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium
B. the liquid and gaseous phases are in equilibrium
C. the solid, liquid and the gaseous phases are in equilibrium
D. the solid does not melt, the liquid does not boil and the gas does not condense
Answer: D
61. According to Clausius statement
A. Heat flows from hot substance to cold substance, unaided
B. Heat cannot flow from cold substance to hot substance
C. Heat can flow from cold substance to hot substance with the aid of external work
D. A and C
Answer: D
62. The RMS velocity of hydrogen gas at N.T.P. is approximately _______.
A. 3838 m/s
B. 1839 m/s
C. 4839 m/s
D. 839 m/s
Answer: B
63. Which of the following cycles has two isothermal and two constant volume processes?
A. Joule cycle
B. Diesel cycle
C. Ericsson cycle
D. Stirling cycle
Answer: D
64. "It is impossible to construct a heat engine that operates in a cycle and receives a given quantity of heat from
a high temperature body and does an equal amount of work". The above statement is known as
A. Gay Lussac's law
B. Kinetic Theory
C. Kelvin - Planck's law
D. Joule - Thompson's law
Answer: C
65. For steam nozzle, which of the following ratios will have the value less than unity?
A. (Pressure at inlet)/(Pressure at outlet)
B. Specific volume at inlet/(Specific volume at outlet)
C. Temperature of steam at inlet/(Temperature of steam at outlet)
D. None of the above
Answer: B
66. A Bell - Coleman cycle is a reversed
A. Stirling cycle
B. Brayton cycle
C. Joule cycle
D. Carnot cycle
Answer: C
67. Ericsson cycle consists of the following processes:
A. two isothermal and two constant volume
B. two isothermal and two constant isentropic
C. two isothermal and two constant pressure
D. two adiabatic and two constant pressure
Answer: C
68. A steam nozzle changes
A. kinetic energy into heat energy
B. heat energy into potential energy
C. potential energy into heat energy
D. heat energy into kinetic energy
Answer: D
69. Which is not correct for calculating air standard efficiency?
A. All processes are reversible
B. Specific heat remains unchanged at all temperatures
C. No account of the mechanism of heat transfer is considered
D. Gases dissociate at higher temperatures
Answer: D
70. According to Pettlier Thomson effect:
A. It is impossible to construct a heat engine that operates in a cycle and receives a given quantity of heat
from a high temperature body and does an equal amount of work
B. It is impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle and produces no effect other than the
transfer of heat from a cooler body to hotter body
C. When two dissimilar metals are heated at one end and cooled at other, e.m.f. that is developed is
proportional to difference of temperatures at two ends
D. Work can't be converted into heat
Answer: D
71. In actual gases the molecular collisions are:
A. plastic
B. elastic
C. inelastic
D. inplastic
Answer: C
72. The Beattie - Bridgeman equation of state is quite accurate in cases of:
A. all pressures above atmospheric pressure
B. densities less than about 0.8 times the critical density
C. near critical temperature
D. none of the above
Answer: B
73. Which of the following statement about Van der Waals equation is correct?
A. It is valid for all pressures and temperatures
B. It represents a straight line on PV versus V plot
C. It has three roots of identical value at the critical point
D. The equation is valid for diatomic gases only
Answer: C
74. The Clapeyron's equation is applicable to:
A. 1 system in equilibrium
B. a change of state
C. a change of state when two phases are in equilibrium
D. a change of state when water and water vapor are involved
Answer: C
75. The vapor pressure is related to the enthalpy of vaporization by the:
A. Clausius - Clapeyron's equation
B. Dalton's law
C. Raoult's law
D. Maxwell's equation
Answer: A
76. Solubility of a gas in a liquid at small concentration can be represented by which law?
A. Henry's law
B. Clausius - Clapeyron's equation
C. Dalton's law
D. Roult's law
Answer: A
77. A compound pressure gauge is used two measure:
A. complex pressures
B. variable pressures
C. average pressures
D. positive and negative pressures
Answer: D
78. Which of the engine is used for fighter bombers?
A. Turboprop
B. Turbojet
C. Ramjet
D. Pulsejet
Answer: B
79. The thermal efficiency of gas - vapor cycle as compared to steam turbine or gas turbine
A. greater than
B. less than
C. not comparable
D. equal
Answer: A
80. The process in which heat energy is transferred to a thermal energy storage device is known as:
A. adiabatic
B. regeneration
C. intercooling
D. heat transfer
Answer: B
81. The absolute zero in Celsius scale is:
A. 100
B. 0
C. -273
D. 273
Answer: C
82. What is the temperature when water and vapor are in equilibrium with the atmospheric pressure?
A. Ice point
B. Steam point
C. Critical point
D. Freezing point
Answer: B
83. The temperature of a pure substance at a temperature of absolute zero is
A. unity
B. zero
C. infinity
D. 100
Answer: B
84. When the number of reheat stages in a reheat cycle is increased, the average temperature:
A. increases
B. decreases
C. is constant
D. is zero
Answer: A
85. A temperature measurement in an ordinary thermometer which has constant specific humidity.
A. Critical temperature
B. Dew point temperature
C. Dry bulb temperature
D. Wet bulb temperature
Answer: B
86. In a closed vessel, when vaporization takes place, the temperature rises. Due to the rising temperature, the
pressure increases until an equilibrium is established between the temperature and pressure. The temperature of
equilibrium is called:
A. dew point
B. ice point
C. superheated temperature
D. boiling point
Answer: D
87. When hot soup was served in a cup during dinner an engineer was so eager to drink it. Since it was hot, he
added cubes of ice to cool the soup and stirred it. He noticed that dew starts to form on the outermost surface of
the cup. What is the temperature equal to?
A. superheated temperature
B. equal to zero
C. standard temperature
D. equal to air's dew point temperature
Answer: D
88. Is a measure of the energy that is no longer available to perform useful work within the current environment.
A. Absolute entropy
B. Absolute enthalpy
C. Fugacity
D. Molar value
Answer: A
89. A graph of enthalpy versus entropy for steam.
A. Mollier diagram
B. Moody diagram
C. Steam table
D. Maxwell Diagram
Answer: A
90. The reaction of inertia in an accelerated body is called
A. Kinetic reaction
B. Endothermic reaction
C. Kinematic reaction
D. Dynamic reaction
Answer: A
91. A Mollier chart of thermodynamic properties is shown in which of the following diagrams?
A. T - S diagram
B. P - V diagram
C. h - S diagram
D. p - h diagram
Answer: C
92. The following are included in the first law of thermodynamics for closed system EXCEPT:
A. heat transferred in and of the system
B. work done by or on the system
C. internal energy
D. kinetic energy
Answer: D
93. All processes below are irreversible except one. Which one?
A. Magnetization with hysteresis
B. Elastic tension and release of a steel bar
C. Inelastic deformation
D. Heat conduction
Answer: B
94. The sum of the energies of all molecules in a system where energies appear in several complex forms is the:
A. kinetic energy
B. potential energy
C. internal energy
D. frictional energy
Answer: C
95. The Carnot refrigeration cycle includes all of the following process except:
A. isentropic expansion
B. isothermal heating
C. isenthalpic expansion
D. isentropic compression
Answer: C
96. The maximum possible work that can be obtained a cycle operating between two reservoirs is found from:
A. process irreversibility
B. availability
C. Carnot efficiency
D. Reversible work
Answer: C
97. The following factors are necessary to define a thermodynamic cycle except
A. the working substance
B. high and low temperature reservoirs
C. the time it takes to complete the cycle
D. the means of doing work on the system
Answer: C
98. All of the following terms included in the second law for open system except
A. shaft work
B. flow work
C. internal energy
D. average work
Answer: D
99. The following terms are included in the first law of thermodynamics for open systems except
A. heat transferred in and out of the system
B. work done by or in the system
C. magnetic system
D. internal system
Answer: C
100. The following terms are included in the first law of thermodynamics for closed systems except
A. heat transferred in and out of the system
B. work done by or on the system
C. internal energy
D. kinetic energy
Answer: D