LECTURE 01 ARPP 2

THE ARCHITECTURE PROFESSION

Maestro de Obra Director de Obra

OLD SANTO DOMINGO (INSIDE INTRAMUROS, ADJACENT TO THE MANILA
CATHEDRAL)

OLD AYUNTAMIENTO DE MANILA (OLD MANILA MUNICIPYO)

BRIEF HISTORY
1850-1900 (SPANISH OCCUPATION)
YEAR SIGNIFICANT IN THE SIGNIFICANT IN THE
ARCHITECTURE PROFESSION PHILIPPINE HISTORY
1850 • FELIX ROJAS Y ARROYO • JESUITS ESTABLISHED
STARTED HIS PRACTICE THE ATENEO MUNICIPAL
(1859) (1859)
1860 • JOSE RIZAL WAS BORN
(1861)
• ANDRES BONIFACIO,
FOUNDER OF
KATIPUNAN, WAS BORN
(1863)
1870 • THE GOMBURZA WAS
EXECUTED FOR THE
MUNITY IN CAVITE (1872)
1880 • FELIX ROJAS Y ARROYO • SABAH IS LEASED BY
BECAME THE MUNICIPAL SULTAN OF SULU TO THE
ARCHITECT OF MANILA BRITISH NORTH BORNEO
(1878-1880) COMPANY (1878)
• FELIX MANALO,
FOUNDER OF IGLESIA NI
CRISTO, WAS BORN
(1886)
1890 • JUAN F. ARRELANO WAS
BORN (1888)
1891 • THE FIRST FILIPINO • EL FILIBUSTERISMO WAS
GRADUATES OF PUBLISHED IN FRANCE
ESCUELA PRACTICA Y
PROFESSIONAL DE
ARTES OFICIOS DE
MANILA AS MAESTROS
DE OBRAS WERE JULIO
HERNANDEZ (1891)
1892 • THE KATIPUNAN WAS
FOUNDED
• PAZ PARDO DE TAVERA
WAS MURDERED BY
JUAN LUNA (WITNESSED
BY THEIR SON, ANDRES
LUNA)
1893
1894 • ISIDRO MEDINA (1894), • ANDRES BONIFACIO
ARCADIO ARELLANO ESTABLISHES HARING
(1894) BAYAN NG
KATAGALUGAN
1895
1896 • JUAN CARREON (1896) • JOSE RIZAL WAS
EXECUTED
1897 • PROCOPIO AND ANDRES
BONIFACI WERE
ASSASSINATED.
• GREGORIA DE JESUS
WAS RAPED.
1898 • 1ST FLAG RAISING
(PHILIPPINES
INDEPENDENCE)
• GREGORIA DE JESUS
AND JULIO NAKPIL WERE
MARRIED.
• TREATY OF PARIS
(START OF AMERICAN
OCCUPATION)
1899 • JUAN F. NAKPIL WAS • ANTONIO LUNA WAS
BORN ASSASSINATED
• DEATH THREATS TO
NAKPIL
1900 • FOUNDATION OF THE
LICEO DE MANILA, A
PRIVATE INSTITUTION
OFFERING ACADEMIC
COURSE FOR MAESTRO
DE OBRAS AND HEADED
BY LEON MA.
GUERRERO.

1901-1940S (AMERICAN PRE-WAR WW2)

YEAR SIGNIFICANT IN THE SIGNIFICANT IN THE
ARCHITECTURE PROFESSION PHILIPPINE HISTORY
1901 • FOUNDATION OF THE • GENERAL EMILIO
ACADEMIA DE AGUINALDO IS
ARQUITECTURA Y CAPTURED BY US
AGRIMENSURA DE AUTHORITIES.
FILIPINAS, A • START OF AMERICAN
PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATION.
ORGANIZATION
MERGING THE • BENEVOLENT
PRACTITIONERS OF ASSIMILATION
ARCHITECTURE AND • THE TECHNOLOGICAL
SURVEYING. UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES WAS FIRST
ESTABLISHED AS THE
MANILA TRADE SCHOOL
1902 • THIS ORGANIZATION • END OF PHILIPPINE-
WAS LATER RENAMED AMERICAN WAR
ACADEMIA DE • THE PHILIPPINE
INGENIERIA, ORGANIC ACT WITH TAFT
ARQUITECTURA Y AS THE CIVIL
AGRIMENSURA DE GOVERNOR.
FILIPINAS, A
PROFESSIONAL
ORGANIZATION
MERGING THE
PRACTITIONERS OF
ARCHITECTURE, CIVIL
ENGINEERING AND
SURVEYING.
1903 • THE ABOVE-MENTIONED • THE PHILIPPINE
ACADEMIA MERGED ASSEMBLY
WITH THE LICEO AND
ESTABLISHED THE
ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA
Y ARQUITECTURA,
WHICH OFFERED A FIVE-
YEAR COURSE IN
ARCHITECTURE AND
CIVIL ENGINEERING.
1904 • • “POSSESSING THE BAY
OF NAPLES, THE
WINDING RIVER OF
PARIS, AND THE CANALS
OF VENICE, MANILA HAS
BEFORE IT AN
OPPORTUNITY UNIQUE
IN HISTORY OF MODERN
TIMES, THE
OPPORTUNITY TO
CREATE A UNIFIED CITY
EQUAL TO THE
GREATEST OF WESTERN
WORLD WITH THE
UNPARALLELED AND
PRICELESS ADDITION OF
A TROPICAL SETTING”
DANIEL BURNHAM
1905 • • DANIEL BURNHAM
PUBLISHED THE URBAN
PLANS OF MANILA &
BAGUIO IN THE CITY
BEAUTIFUL MOVEMENT.
1910 • • THE GABALDON SCHOOL
BUILDINGS, ALSO
REFERRED TO AS THE
GABALDONS,
ORIGINATED FROM THE
ACT NO. 1801 OR THE
GABALDON LAW, A
LEGISLATION WRITTEN
BY ISAURO GABALDON
OF THE PHILIPPINE
ASSEMBLY IN 1907. THE
LAW PROVIDED FOR THE
FUNDING OF 1 MILLION
PESO FOR THE
CONSTRUCTION OF
MODERN PUBLIC
SCHOOLS ACROSS THE
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
FROM 1908 TO 1915.
• IN 1910, THE MTS WAS
RENAMED AS THE
PHILIPPINE SCHOOL OF
ARTS AND TRADES
(PSAT)
1920 • THE CITY GOVERNMENT • THE IGLESIA NI CRISTO
APPOINTED ANDRES WAS FOUNDED (1914)
LUNA DE SAN PEDRO AS
CHIEF ARCHITECT OF
THE CITY OF MANILA.
1921 • PHILIPPINE ASSEMBLY
ACT NO. 2985 (AN ACT TO
REGULATE THE
PRACTICE OF THE
PROFESSIONS OF
ENGINEERS AND
ARCHITECT). THIS LAW
CREATED SEPARATE
BOARD OF EXAMINERS
FOR ARCHITECTURE
AND CIVIL ENGINEERING.
• THE LAW ALSO ALLOWED
PRACTICING MAESTRO
DE OBRAS TO BE
AUTOMATICALLY
REGISTERED AS
ARCHITECTS.
• TOMAS MAPUA WAS
GIVEN THE NUMBER 1
LICENSE AS ARCHITECT,
CARLOS BARRETO WAS
THE NUMER 2, AND
ANTONIO TOLEDO WAS
THE NUMBER 3. ALL
THREE OF THEM
GRADUATED IN
ARCHITECTURE BOARD.
1925 • THE MAPUA INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY WAS
FOUNDED. IT OFFERED,
ASIDE FROM
ENGINEERING COURSES,
A FOUR-YEAR DEGREE
COURSE LEADING TO A
DEGREE IN
ARCHITECTURE.
1926 • THE OLD LEGISLATIVE
BUILDING AND MANILA
POST OFFICE WERE
BUILT
1930 • THE CRYSTAL ARCADE
WAS BUILT. (ART DECO
MOVEMENT)
1933 • THE PHILIPPINE • THE TYDINGS-MCDUFFIE
ARCHITECT’S SOCIETY LAW, KNOWN AS THE
WAS ORGANIZED. PHILIPPINE
• THE OLDEST INDEPENDENCE LAW, IS
ARCHITECTURAL APPROVED BY U.S.
ORGANIZATION IN ASIA. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT
(1934)
1935 • THE METROPOLITAN • THE PHILIPPINE
THEATER WAS BUILT COMMONWEALTH
1941 • THE PAS ESTABLISHED • START OF THE
THE SCHOOL OF DESIGN JAPANESE INVASION OF
AND ARTS ALONG ISAAC THE PHILIPPINES
PERAL STREET (NOW FOLLOWING PEARL
UNITED NATIONS HARBOR ATTACK.
AVENUE, MANILA)

1945-1970S (POST WW2 - PRE-MARTIAL LAW)

YEAR SIGNIFICANT IN THE SIGNIFICANT IN THE
ARCHITECTURE PROFESSION PHILIPPINE HISTORY
1945 • THE PHILIPPINE • THE BATTLE AND
INSTITUTE OF LIBERATION OF MANILA
ARCHITECTS AND (END OF WW2)
PLANNERS (PIAP) WAS
CREATED.
• THE PHILIPPINE WAR • TOMOYUKI YAMASHITA
DAMAGED ACT WAS IS EXECUTED BY
SIGNED (THE HANGING AT LOS BANOS,
REPARATION) LAGUNA PRISON CAMP
FOR THE WAR CRIMES.
• MANUEL ROXAS WINS IN
THE LAST PRESIDENTIAL
ELECTION UNDER THE
COMMONWEALTH.
• THE PHILIPPINE WAR
DAMAGE ACT WAS
SIGNED ( THE
REPARATION)
1948 • PIA OFFERED THE • DEATH OF PRESIDENT
PRIVATE SERVICE FOR ROXAS
THE REPARATION OF • VICE PRESIDENT ELPIDIO
THE WHOLE COUNTRY. QUIRINO ASSUMES THE
OFFICE OF THE
PRESIDENT.
• NEWLY FORMED
QUEZON CITY IS
DECLARED CAPITAL OF
THE PHILIPPINES BY
PRESIDENT QUIRINO
(REPUCLIC ACT NO. 333)
1949 • RA 544 & RA 545 WAS • ESTABLISHMENT AND
SIGNED INTO LAW INAUGURATION OF
DELINEATING THE CENTRAL BANK OF THE
ARCHITECTURE & CIVIL PHILIPPINES.
ENGINEERING
PROFESSION.
1950 • RA 472, WAS SIGNED • THE PHILIPPINES JOINS
INTO LAW ALLOWING THE KOREAN WAR,
THE PRIVATE PRACTICE SENDING OVER 7,000
OF ARCHITECTS AND TROOPS UNDER THE
ENGINEERS TO ENGAGE UNITED NATIONS
IN THE REPARATION OF COMMAND.
THE COUNTRY IN
BEHALF OF THE DPWH.
• THE LEAGUE OF
PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTS
WAS ESTABLISHED (LPA)
• THE TOTAL NUMBER OF
REGISTERED
ARCHITECTS AT THAT
TIME WAS ABOUT 350.
1952 • THE PIA WAS ADMITTED • NICASIO “ASIONG”
TO THE UNION DE SALONGA, BRANDED AS
INTERNATIONALE DE TONDO’S PUBLIC ENEMY
ARCHITECTES, THE NO. 1 AND THE KINGPIN
INTERNATIONAL OF MANILA, WAS SHOT
ORGANIZATION OF AND KILLED.
ARCHITECTS
1955 • THE ORGANIZATION • AMB. CARLOS ROMULO
PREPARED THE MASTER REPRESENTS THE
PLAN FOR THE PHILIPPINE
PROPOSED NATIONAL GOVERNMENT IN THE
CAPITOL COMPLEX IN FIRST EVER ASIA-
QUEZON CITY, UNDER AFRICAN CONFERENCE
THE NAME PIA HELD IN BANDUNG,
COLLABORATIVE. INDONESIA.
1956 • RA 1581 & RA 1582 WAS • CHRONICLE
SIGNED INTO LAW BROADCASTING
DELINEATING AGAIN THE NETWORK (CBN) IS
SPECIFICS OF THE ESTABLISHED BY LOPEZ
ARCHITECTURE AND FAMILY.
CIVIL ENGINEERING
PROFESSION AND
CORPORATION.
1960 • • ARCHBISHOP RUFINO
SANTOS IS THE FIRST
FILIPINO TO ACHIEVE
THE RANK OF CARDINAL.
1966 • THE PIA RELEASED THE • FERDINAND MARCOS
FIRST ARCHITECT'S ELECTED PRESIDENT OF
NATIONAL CODE. THE THE REPUBLIC OF THE
SAME YEAR, THE PHILIPPINES. (1965)
ARCHITECTURAL
CENTER CLUB WAS
FOUNDED BY PIA
MEMBERS CARLOS
ARGUELLES, GABRIEL
FORMOSO, AJ LUZ,
FRANCISCO FAJARDO,
MANUEL MANOSA AND
LUIS ARANETA.
1970 • ARCH. JOSE MA. • POPE PAUL VI MAKES
ZARAGOZA DESIGNED HIS FIRST PAPAL VISIT IN
THE 1ST PAPAL MASS THE PHILIPPINES.
PAVILION IN LUNETA.
1972 • FEM DECLARED MARTIAL
LAW (PROC 1081)
1973 • PRES. FERDINAND E. • PD 233 WAS PASSED
MARCOS ISSUED A CREATING THE
LETTER OF PROFESSIONAL
INSTRUCTION 1000 TO REGULATION
ORGANIZE AND UNIFY COMMISSION (PRC)
THE ARCHITECTURE WHOSE MANDATE IS TO
PROFESSION ACCREDIT A SOLE
ORGANIZATION
REPRESENTATIVE OF A
PROFESSION BEING
PRACTICE IN THE
COUNTRY.
A BRIEF INTEGRATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL ORGANIZATION IN THE
PHILIPPINES
FROM THE FOUNDING OF THE FIRST ARCHITECTURAL ORGANIZATION IN 1902
TO THE INTEGRATION OF ALL THE ARCHITECTURAL ORGANIZATIONS UNDER
THE UNITED ARCHITECTS OF THE PHILIPPINES (UAP) AND ITS ACCEPTANCE
AS UIA NATIONAL SECTION IN 1988.
YEAR INTEGRATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL ORGANIZATION IN THE
PHILIPPINES
2004 RA 9256, THE PRBOA ISSUED A RESOLUTION NO 03 SERIES OF
2004 RECOGNIZING UAP AS THE INTEGRATED AND ACCREDITED
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION OF ARCHITECTS (APOA)
1988 UAP BECOME THE NATIONAL SECTION OF UIA
1979 UAP A FOUNDING MEMBER OF ARCHITECTS REGIONAL COUNCIL
ASIA (ARCASIA)
1978 UAP A FOUNDING MEMBER OF ASEAN ASSOCIATION FOR
PLANNING AND HOUSING (AAPH)
UAP A FOUNDING MEMBER OF NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS:
PHILIPPINE FEDERATION OF PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS
(PFPA)
PHILIPPINE TECHNOLOGICAL COUNCIL (PTC)
PHILIPPINE COUNCIL FOR PLANNING AND HOUSING (PCPH)
1975 THE THREE (3) ARCHITECTURAL ORGANIZATIONS, THE PIA APGA
& LPA WERE INTEGRATED IN THE UNITED ARCHITECTS OF THE
PHILIPPINES (UAP).
1945 THE PAS CHANGED IS NAME TO PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF
ARCHITECTS AND PLANNERS (PIAP) AND SUBSEQUENTLY TO
PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS (PIA)
1933 FOUNDING OF THE FIRST ARCHITECTURAL ORGANIZATION
CALLED
THE PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTS SOCIETY (PAS).
1921 PASSAGE OF THE ENGINEERS AND ARCHITECTS LAW ACT NO.
2985
BY THE PHILIPPINE ASSEMBLY
1911 THE CIVIL ENGINEER MEMBERS OF THE AIAAF WITHDRAW
FROM THE ACADEMY TO FORM THEIR OWN PROFESSIONAL
SOCIETY
1903 THE AAF CHANGED ITS NAME TO THE ACADEMIA DE INGENIERIA
ARQUITECTURA Y AGRIMENSURA DE FILIPINAS (AIAAF)
1902 FOUNDING OF THE FIRST PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR
ARCHITECTURE CIVIL ENGINEERING AND SURVEYING KNOWN
AS THE ACADEMIA DE ARQUITECTURA Y AGRIMENSURA DE
FILIPINAS (AAAF)
1890 FOUNDING OF THE FIRST ACADEMIC SCHOOL TO TRAIN DE
"MAESTRO DE OBRAS KNOWN AS THE ESCUELA PRACTICA Y
PROFESSIONAL DE ARTES OFICIOS DE MANILA