ARTS REVIEWER

Demetri Martin EARTH WITHOUT ART IS JUST “EH”

WHAT IS ART? - Work of art-visual expression of
an idea or experience formed with
skill through use of a medium
- Media/medium-type of tools used
to create the artwork – clay, fiber, stone,
wood, paint, video, photography,
- Some communication can only be
expressed through visual form or music...
- Purposes and Functions of Art
- Art can: – tell us things – elevate
our spirits – show beauty – show
injustice.
- A work of art -is a record of a
particular artist’s view.
ASSUMPTIONS OF ART
Art is universal Art has always been timeless
and universal, spanning generations and
continents through and through.
Art is not nature Art is man’s expression of his reception
of nature. Art is man’s way of
interpreting nature.
Art involves experience Unlike fields of knowledge that involve
data, art is known by experiencing. A
work of art then cannot be abstracted
from actual doing. In order to know what
an artwork is, we have to sense it, see or
hear it, and see AND hear it.
Humanities and the art have always been part of man’s growth
and civilization. Since the dawn of
time, man has always tried to express his
innermost thoughts and feelings about
reality through creating art.
Humanities- -Is the study of humans. Art serves as an
expression of the human experience.
- disciplines focus on
understanding beauty and the
good, and give students the
opportunity to practice making
good and beautiful things
themselves.
A humanistic will help you understand, appreciate, and
Education produce art, music, theatre, and literature.
The Arts: An Introduction to the a. ART AS A SKILL OR MASTERY
Humanities (Cerbo et b. ART AS A PROCESS OR A
al, 2010) provided the following PRODUCT OF A
definitions of art: CREATIVE SKILL
c. ART AS A UNIVERSAL
LANGUAGE
d. ART AS A REPRESENTATION OF
REALITY
e. ART SHOWS THE MANNER OF
EXISTENCE OF THE
PEOPLE OF LONG AGO
f. ART REFLECTS THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERIOD
ART AS A SKILL OR MASTERY The term art is used to simply refer to bay
skill or mastery that is manifested in the
outstanding product of an endeavor.
ART AS A PROCESS OR A - Art is a process because it
PRODUCT OF A involves arranging the aesthetic
CREATIVE SKILL elements in an artistically
interesting and appealing manner.
- Art is a product because it
includes human creations,
different activities and manners of
expression.
c. ART AS A UNIVERSAL  The language of art is diverse.
LANGUAGE Each art form has its own artistic
elements. ü Literature ü Music ü
Theatre
 Art expresses feelings and ideas
shared by all individuals
regardless of culture.
ART AS A REPRESENTATION OF  Art is a reflection or a mirror of
REALITY reality.
ART SHOWS THE MANNER OF  We gain awareness that the people
EXISTENCE OF THE during the Old Stone Age lived in
PEOPLE OF LONG AGO caves and that they manifested
their artistry by drawings and
sketching.
ART REFLECTS THE  In the visual arts, f i g u r e s w e r
CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERIOD e p r e s e n t e d i n idealized
‘flat’ forms to signify a lack of
focus on the material world.
Medieval period  the dominance of the church
initiated the expression of
spiritual truths. The focus on the
material world is shown in the
‘three-dimensional’ reality of
landscapes.
Renaissance Period  the value ascribed to the material
world was shown in more defined
and realistic rendition of the
human body in the visual arts.
This is manifested by the varied
experimentations of artistic
expressions.
Modern Period  Characterizes the idealistic search
for truth and the realization that it
is not attainable; thus, relativity is
accepted as an unavoidable truth.
Man is the creator of art. Art is the 
result of man's imagination, creativity,
and expression.
An artist  may be influenced by nature or
other works of art when
producing a masterpiece, but he
invents his own forms and
patterns based on what he finds
attractive and blends them into his
masterpiece. While not everyone
can be labeled an artist, everyone
can appreciate art.
How we can cultivate our appreciation  One should also exercise and
of arts? improve one's taste for excellent
and attractive things. This enables
people to make smart choices
when purchasing needs and
luxuries, knowing what gives
them the best value for their time
and money while also considering
aesthetic and practical
considerations (Collins & Riley,
1931).
Creativity  Think outside the box.
 It's frequently utilized to solve
problems that have never been
solved before, to confuse function
and style, and to just make life
more interesting and delightful.
 Creativity is what distinguishes
one work of art from another.
When we haven't seen anything
like it before or when it is
unusual, we say it was done
creatively.
Challenge behind creativity  After conducting considerable
study, you may discover that your
own original and creative idea is
not what it appears to be, and that
someone else in another area of
the world has invented it first.
Albert Einstein  “Imagination is more important
than knowledge. For knowledge is
limited to all we now know and
understand, while imagination
embraces the entire world, and all
there ever will be to know and
understand.
The boundaries of the norm are not a
barrier to imagination; it extends beyond
them. That is why humans rely on their
imagination and curiosity to
advancement. One might use their
imagination to create something daring,
fresh, and better in the hopes of bringing
out change. Imagination opens up a world
of possibilities.
A man will be unaware of an
emotion until he expresses it.
According to Collingwood (1938), that what an artist does to an emotion is
not to induce it, but express it. Through
expression, he is able to explore his own
emotions and at the same time, create
something beautiful out of them.
Collingwood further illustrated that
expressing emotions is something
different from describing emotions. In his
example, explicitly saying "I am angry" is
not an expression of an emotion, but a
mere description.
Popular Art
Expressions
Visual Arts are art forms that create works that are
primarily visual in nature, such as
ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture,
printmaking, design, crafts, photography,
video, film making and architecture.
Film Film refers to the art of putting together
successions of still images in order to
create an illusion of movement. (e.g.
motion- picture camera (also known as
movie camera), animation techniques,
Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI), and
more)
Performance Art Performance art is performed by an artist
or other participants. It may be performed
through documentation, live
performance, written, or spontaneously in
front of the public in the context of Fine
Arts. It has its own genre over the years.
Performance art expects and asks the
spectators, audience, or viewers to engage
with the artist like Fine Arts.
There are four important elements artist’s presence, space, body, and the
of performance art bond between the public and the creator.
Poetry Performance Poetry is an art form where the artist
expresses his emotions not by using
paint, charcoal, or camera, but expresses
them through words.
Architecture Architecture is the making of beautiful
buildings. Buildings should embody these
three important elements-plan,
construction, and design-if they wish to
merit the title architecture (Collins &
Riley, 1931).
Dance Dancing is a creative form that allows
people to freely express themselves. It
has no rules. You may say that
choreography does not allow this, but in
art expression, dancers are not confined
to set steps and rules but are free to create
and invent their own movements as long
as they deem them graceful and beautiful.
Literary Art Artists who practice literary arts use
words-not paint, musical instruments, or
chisels-to express themselves and
communicate emotions to the readers.
However, simply becoming a writer does
not make one a literary artist.
Theater Theater uses live performers to present
accounts or imaginary events before live
audience. Theater art a performances
usually follow a script, though they
should not be confused with literary arts.
Much like in filmmaking, theater also
considers several elements such as acting,
gesture, lighting, sound effects, musical
score, scenery, and props.
Applied Arts Applied arts is incorporating elements of
style and design to everyday items with
the aim of increasing their aesthetical
value. Artists in this field bring beauty,
charm, and comfort into many things that
are useful in everyday life (Collins &
Riley, 1931). Industrial design, interior
design, fashion design, and graphic
design are considered applied arts.
Functions of Art Functions of art is an inquiry on what art
is for. When it comes to functions,
different art form come with distinctive
functions, some may be functional more
than others . The value of the art lies in
the practical benefits from it. One may
look at the value based on its specific
purpose or for personal.
Personal Functions of Art Personal functions of art is highly
subjective and depends on the artist who
created the art. An art may be created for
expressing self, for entertainment or for
other purposes.
Examples: Expressive Art and Art
Therapy
Expressive Arts Expressive Arts is a discipline of helping
and healing that uses the arts as its basis
for discovery and change.
All five visual, dance/movement, music,
disciplines of the arts: drama/theater, and writing/poetry can
give you a richer vocabulary to work,
play and grow a life you love living.
EXPRESSIVE ARTS THERAPIES Ritual – spiritual journey integrations
maps prayer
Language Arts – poetry journaling stories
Visual Arts – art therapy, collage, clay
therapy
Dramatic Arts – drama, psycho drama,
storytelling, dialogue
Movement and sound – breath therapies ,
body awareness , sound and music dance
Symbolic words – sand tray and play
therapy.
Social Functions of Art - If an art is opposed to personal
interest and for collective interest
it is considered to have a social
function.
- Art may convey, message such as
to support, to protest, contestation
and other messages an artist
intends to carry at his work.
- Political Art is a very common
example of an art with a social
function.
- Art can depict social conditions
such as photography of
industrialization and poverty.
- Performance art like plays
serves social functions as it rouses
emotions for a common situation
a society has.

Examples:
Activist Art, Political Propaganda,
Ceremonial Art
Physical Functions of Art - These are artworks that are crafted
in order to serve physical purpose
such as jars, plates, and jewelries.
Examples: Architecture, Interior Design,
Furniture Design, Utilitarian Art, Crafts
- Other functions of art may serve
culture, history and religion.
Music is an artwork used for
different purposes such events for
culture, historical and religious
gatherings. Sculpture, poems,
spoken poetry, movies and other
form of arts are used for its
specific functions.
PHILOSOPHICAL -
PERSPECTIVE ON
ART
Art as an imitation - In Plato’s The Republic, paints a
picture of artists as imitators and
art is mere imitations.
- In his metaphysics or view of
reality, the things in this world are
only copies of the original, the
eternal, and the true entities can
be found in the World of Forms.
Art is just an imitation of
imitation. A painting is just an
imitation of nature, which is also
an imitation of realty in the World
of Forms.
Art as a representation - Aristotle, agreed with Plato,
however he considered art as an
aid to philosophy in revealing the
truth. Art represents version of
reality. In Arestotelian worldview,
art serves two particular purposes:
art allows for the experience of
pleasure and art has an ability to
be instructive and teach its
audience things about life.
Art as a disinterested judgment - Immanuel Kant, in his Critique of
Judgement, considered the
judgement of beauty, the
cornerstone of art, as something
universal despite its subjectivity.
He recognized that judgement of
beauty is subjective.
Art as a communication of - According to Leo Tolstoy, art
Emotion plays a huge role in communication to its
audience’s emotions that the artist
previously experienced Art
communicates emotions.
Artists and Artisans Artists focus on creating aesthetically
pleasing works, while artisans' work
focuses on accessorizing and
functionality more than aesthetics. The
work of artists tends to be shown in
museums or galleries, while artisans sell
their crafts at fairs and shops.
Artist  Engaged in an activity related to
creating art, practicing the arts, or
demonstrating an art.
 The common usage in both everyday
speech and academic discourse is a
practitioner in the visual arts only.
 Artiste (French for artist) is a variant
used in English only in this context;
the use is becoming rare.
 Treaded a long history
 The most integral development that
allowed this identity
 of an artist to fully emerge is the
systematization and
 sophistication that his world – the art
world – has become.
 It was in the light that artists worked
and most of the time,
 the products were considered not as
artworks at all but
 rather as craft or placed under some
other category.

Roland Bay-an

Camilo Santiago, Four of the "Salonpas" artists:

Fredi Agunoy

Buddy Cabrera.
'Salonpas' Artists Four ofthe "Salonpas" artists pose in front
of the Fred’s Gallery in Baguio where
their month-long exhibit was opened on
Wednesday (July 3, 2019), each holding a
sample of their work.
Fernando Amorsolo Labelled the country’s first National
‘The Fruit Gatherer’, 1950 Artist in 1972 by then President Marcos,
FernandoAmorsolo is often known as the
‘Grand Old Man of Philippine Art’.
Artisan  An artisan (from French, artisan,
Italian, artigiano) is askilled craft
worker who makes or creates things
by hand that may be functional or
strictly decorative, for example
furniture, decorative arts, sculptures,
clothing, jewelry, food items,
household items and tools or even
mechanisms such as the handmade
clockwork movement of a
watchmaker.
 Artisans are craftsmen who make
practical artisticproducts, such as
earrings, urns, stained glass and other
accessories. Artisans gain their
knowledge by studying under master
craftsmen and then practicing with
continued study. Artisans work to
create something new, original, and
at times, provocative. They spend a
good portion of their time selling and
promoting their items in various
marketplaces.
Vito Selma Famous furniture maker/Artisan
Wynn Wynn Ong  World-class Filipino artisan
 She has a strong passion for crafting
artistic, beautiful, and exquisite
jewelry and accessories. And it
doesn’t come as a surprise that the
world took notice.
Artist  Performers (singer, dancer, theater
actor, etc.)
 Performs creative arts
 Creates something whose only value
is aesthetics
 Object has no functional value
 Makes output to express the beauty
of art itself
 Creator of arts which are for
enjoyment and appreciation of
viewer
Artisan  Creates something functional
 Practical
 His/her product has functional value
 Skilled workers
 Makers of crafts
 Makes output with his/her hands
(weaver, dyer, potter, carpenter, etc.)
Combination of Artist vs Artisan  Artistic
 Creative
 Makes output out of experience and
imagination
Subject It is the visual focus or the image that
may be extracted from examining the
artwork.
2 Types of Subject
Representational Art  These types of art have subjects that
refer to objects or events occurring in
the real world. Also termed
figurative art because the figures
depicted are easy to make out and
decipher.

 For representational art, it is easier to

infer the subject matter because from
the figures depicted in the artwork,
there is already a suggestion as to its
implication.
Non-Representational Art  Art forms that do not make a
reference to the real world, whether it
is a person, place, thing, or even a
particular event. It is stripped down
to visual elements, such as shapes,
lines, and colors that are employed to
translate a particular feeling,
emotion, and even concept.

 For non-representational art, a

higher, level of perceptiveness and
insight might be required to fully
grasped the feeling, emotion, or
concept behind the work.
Sources of Subject  Nature
 History
 Greek and Roman mythology
 Judeo-Christian tradition
 Sacred oriental texts
 Other works of art
Kinds of Subject  History
 Still life
 Animals
 Figures
 Nature
 Landscape
 Seascape
 Cityscape
 Mythology
 Myth
 Dreams
 Fantasies
Content in Art  The meaning or message that is
expressed or communicated by the
artwork.
 In understanding the content of art, it
is important to note that there are
various levels of meaning:
3 different levels of meaning in
art content.
Factual Meaning The most rudimentary level of meaning
for it may be extracted from the
identifiable or recognizable forms
in the artwork and understanding how
these elements relate to one another.
Conventional Meaning  Pertains to the acknowledged
interpretation of the artwork using
motifs, signs, and symbols and other
cyphers as bases of its meaning.

 These conventions are established

through time, strengthened by
recurrent use and wide acceptance by
its viewers or audience and scholars
who study them.
Subjective Meaning  When subjectivities are consulted, a
variety of meanings may arise when
a particular work of art is read.

 These meanings stem from the

viewer’s or audience’s circumstances
that come into play when engaging
with art (what we know, what we
learned, what we experienced; what
values we stand for)

 Meaning may not be singular, rather,

multiple and varied
Medium Comes from the latin word, denotes the
means by which an artist communicate
his idea. These are the materials which
are used by an artist to interpret his
feelings or thoughts.
THE 3 PROCESS OF ART
PRODUCTION
Preproduction The artist always begins with an idea that
he wants to expressor communicate with
his audience.
Production Artists however, birth their ideas when
material manipulation is already
underway, The execution of the art may
take a variety of forms such as painting,
sculpture, tapestry, photograph a
routine(dance) or composition(music)
Postproduction Once an artwork is finished, it will then
be decided on how it will be circulated
not only in the art world but the many
publics.

The creation of the object requires that it

be

• Seen
• Heard
• Touched
• Experienced
Different Media of Visual Arts  Architecture
 Ceramics
 Computer Art
 Drawing
 Filmmaking and Video
 Graphic Design
 Painting
 Photography
 Printmaking
 Sculpture
 Textile Art
THE PROCESS OF CREATING
SCULPTURES
Sculpture Sculpture is a very old art form that's
been made by cultures around the world
for centuries. The ancient Egyptians
created massive stone sculptures like the
Sphinx, which stands several stories high,
and the classical Greeks were known for
their spectacular carved stone figures.
1. Carving Carving involves cutting or chipping
away a shape from a mass of stone,
wood, or other hard material. Carving
is a subtractive process whereby material
is systematically eliminated from the
outside in.
2. Modeling Modeling, also spelled modelling, in
sculpture, working of plastic materials by
hand to build up form. ... Modeling is an
additive process, as opposed to carving,
the other main sculptural technique, in
which portions of a hard substance are
cut away to reveal form.
3. Assembly (noun) - As one familiar with the word
"assembly" might assume, assemblage is
a form of sculpture comprised of "found"
objects arranged in such a way that they
create a piece. These objects can be
anything organic or man-made
4. Casting Sculptures that are cast are made from a
material that is melted down—usually a
metal—that is then poured into a mold. ...
Casting is an additive process. Modeling:
Modeled sculptures are created when a
soft or malleable material (such as clay)
is built up (sometimes over an armature)
and shaped to create a form
Architecture the art and technique of designing and
building, as distinguished from the skills
associated with construction. The practice
of architecture is employed to fulfill both
practical and expressive requirements,
and thus it serves both utilitarian and
aesthetic ends.
Media Architecture It is an overarching concept that covers
the design of physical spaces at
architectural scale incorporating materials
with dynamic properties that allow for
dynamic, reactive or interactive behavior.
These materials are often digital but
not always.
Literature  Writing having excellence of form or
expression and expressing ideas of
permanent or universal interest.

 It is any single body of written

works. More restrictively, it is
writing considered as an art form, or
any sing writing deemed to have
 artistic or intellectual value, often
due to deploying language in ways
that differ from ordinary usage.

 Derived from the Latin word

"Litteratura" which means letter or
hand writing
Combined Arts Collection of different art mediums such
aspainting, singing, and musical
performance. It canalso refer to
organizations that work over multiple
platform and venues to promote artistic
endeavor.