Types of Hydrotherapy

TYPES OF HYDROTHERAPY

1) CONTRAST BATH

INTRODUCTION

 It is applied by alternately immersing an area, usually distal extremity.

 Treatment involves both hot and cold therapy on same body part.
1st-in warm or hot water
2nd-in cool or cold water
 It cause fluctuations in blood flow over a 20 minute treatment.
 It is mainly & frequently used in clinical setup - where the goal of treatment is to achieve the
benefits of HEAT- including decreased pain & increased flexibility, while avoiding the risk of
increased edema.
 The varying sensory stimulus is also thought to promote PAIN RELIEF& DESENSITIiZATION.
EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
 2 water containers
 Thermometer
 Towels
APPLICATION PROCEDURE
 Start with cold and end with cold.
 Affected part should be moved from warm to cold water repeatedly.
GOAL
 Decreases swelling
 Decreases pain
 Decreases muscle spasm
INDICATIONS
 Chronic edema
 Sub-acute trauma
 Inflammatory conditions like- sprains, strains or tendonitis or hyperalgesia or
hypersensitivity caused by RSD.
ADVANTAGES
 More vigorous circulatory effect than heat or cold alone
 Good contact with contoured distal extremities compared with other thermal agents
 Help to provide pain control without aggravating edema.
 Allow movement in water for increased circulatory effects
DISADVANTAGES
 Limb is in dependent position- may aggravate edema
 Some patients do no tolerate cold immersion
 Lack of research evidence evaluating the effects of contrast baths.
2)WHIRPOOL BATH
INTRODUCTION
 USAGE OF WATER FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES
 USE OF WHIRLPOOL BATH HAS BECOME INCREASINGLY VALUABLE MEANS OF
PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC TREATMENT
PRINCIPLE OF APPLICATION
 THE PRINCIPLE OF WHIRLPOOL THERAPY IS TO COMBINE THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE
WITH THE MECHANICAL EFFECTS OF WATER
 WARM WHIRLPOOL CONTAINS WATER AT TEMPERATURE RANGES BETWEEN 36-45 DEGREE
CELECIUS AND A JET OF WATER OR AIR STREAM ALLOWED TO PRODUCE TURBULENCE IN
WATER
 THIS TURBULENCE IS PRODUCED BY A ELECTRICAL MOTOR INCORPORATED INTO THE
APPARATUS
 DEPENDING UPON THE APPARATUS,WHIRLPOOL BATH CAN BE USED FOR THE TREATMENT
OF LIMBS OR WHOLE BODY
GOAL OF WHIRLPOOL THERAPY

a) Decreases swelling
b) Control inf lammation
c) Improve ROM
d) Decreases pain
e) Decrease muscle spasm
TYPES OF WHIRLPOOL BATH

 Low boy tank
 High boy tank
 Hubbard tank
 Extrimity tank
Low boy tank-

 The Low Boy Tank can be used to allow an adult to sit in the tank and can range in capacity
from 75 to 105 gallons
High boy tank-
 sometimes referred to as a hip or leg tank, can allow for the immersion of both lower
extremities
 Capacity can range from 60 to 105 gallons
Full body immersion/Hubbard tank-

 The Hubbard Tank has a greater potential for exercise during treatment due to it's size and
can accomodate a full body treatment
 Capacity can range anywhere from 200 gallons to more than 400 gallons
 Full body immersion/Hubbard tank-

 Butterfly shape
 Underwater exercises
Hubbard tank
 8 feet long * 6 feet wide * 4 feet deep
 425 gallons of water
 Turbines, stretcher, hoist
 Chances of contamination
 Expensive secondary to amount of water, time to clean
Extrimity tank-
 The Extremity Tank is usually used for the upper or lower extremities and has a capacity of
10 to 45 gallons of water
TECHNIQUE OF APPLICATION
1. The whirlpool tank is filled with water

2. The water temperature is checked by hand and thermometer
3. Adjust the patient's position in accordance to the treated body part and considering both comfort
and security.
4. Explain the procedure and reassure the patient
5. Place the body part in the water
6. Encourage the patient to move while keeping the body part under water during the treatment in
case of joint involvement
7. After completion of treatment, dry the body part and wrap it keeping it warm
USES
 Burns if no agitation is used
 Open wounds for debridment purposes
 Post-operative orthopedic conditions where the water will add a bouyancy element to
eliminate the weight of the extrmity for movement
 As a resistance force for exercise
3)SAUNA BATH
INTRODUCTION
 A sauna is a small room designed as a place to Experience wet/dry heat sessions
 ldeal temperature is maintained between 70°C and 100°C
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SAUNA BATH
Musculoskeletal System:
 Muscles relax and joints become more flexible.
 Heat enhances the circulation to joint capsule and reduce the viscosity of synovial fluid.
Endocrine system:
 Endocrine functions respond to thermal changes mainly through activation of Sympathetic
nervous system(SNS).
 The stimulation of SNS is manifested by increased levels of the nor-adrenaline.
Cardiovascular system:
 Heart rate may accelerate up to twice the resting rate.
 Acceleration of cutaneous circulation leads to redistribution of blood flow.
 Blood flow to kidneys and viscera is reduced.
 Skin blood flow increases up to 20-40 times.
 Stroke volume is unaffected. whereas cardiac output increases about 70 %.
Respiratory System:
 Respiration becomes more faster and shallow.
 Air with 16-30% of humidity al lows mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract to
remain moist.
Other Physiological Effects:
Metabolism: Sauna increases the metabolism
 A 30 minute sauna session can burn up to 300 calories
 The water lost due to sweat can be replaced by drinking water to avoid dehydration.
Relaxation: Sauna are traditionally known to promote general relaxation.
INDICATIONS:
 Promote general relaxation
 Relief from tension or anxiety
 Regular sauna baths may reduce the incidence of common colds
In Sports
 Sauna helps to promote relaxation.
 Plays a good role in post event recovery.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
 Unstable angina or myocardial infraction.
 Severe orthostatic hypotension and severe aortic stenosis
 Rheumatoid arthritis in acute inflammatory phase
 Shin conditions such as Urticaria. Abrasions and rashes
 During pregnancy
PRECAUTIONS
 Do not use alcohol prior to or during a sauna bath
 Make sure not to eat any large meals before.
 Person with low blood pressure(as sauna bath decreases BP).
 Drink 1-2 glass of water or sports drink which has electrolytes.
 Shower First. as this is to moisten the skin
 Do not take a sauna bath for over 16-30 minutes.
 Exit the sauna bath if you feel uncomfortable or become sleepy
4) STEAM BATH
INTRODUCTION
 A steam room is a virtually airtight room
 Steam is produced by steam generator which has about 100% humidity
 Typically between 115 to 120° F (40°C)
BENIFITS
 Relieves nasal congestion
 Lower blood pressure
 Detoxification
 Promote general relaxation
RISK
 Symptoms of dizziness, vertigo. Excessive thirst.
 Staying in a steam room for more than 15 min can dehydrate you.
 The steam isn’t hot enough to kill some types of bacteria, and the warmth may even
increase the number of bacteria.
5)AROMATIC BATH
INTRODUCTION
 Aromatic bath is in Indian culture for ages using various available herbs, flowers & oils even
by our rishis, royal families for ages
BENIFITS
 Keep skin young Smooth, flowery& Silky
 Prevents wrinkles Reduces bad odour
 Relaxes muscles, nerves Removes dead cells
 Clears tan and pigmentation Reduces aches and pains
 Induces good sleep Improves marital bliss
 Make you to look young Prevents skin allergies
 Removes bacteria Good for all ages
 Use in all seasons Reduces hair fall
 Improves eye sight Improves digestion
 Relieves Constipation Relieves headaches
 Reduces colds, cough

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TYPES OF HYDROTHERAPY

 It is applied by alternately immersing an area, usually distal extremity.

GOAL OF WHIRLPOOL THERAPY

TYPES OF WHIRLPOOL BATH

Low boy tank-

Full body immersion/Hubbard tank-

 Full body immersion/Hubbard tank-

1. The whirlpool tank is filled with water

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SAUNA BATH

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