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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom

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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom Mandela became the first black President of South Africa in 1994 after decades of apartheid rule. He thanked international leaders who supported the new republic of equality. Mandela set out ideals for South Africa's future including an end to oppression and equal opportunities regardless of race. The speech marks the beginning of a new era after the "extraordinary human disaster" of apartheid.

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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom

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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom Mandela became the first black President of South Africa in 1994 after decades of apartheid rule. He thanked international leaders who supported the new republic of equality. Mandela set out ideals for South Africa's future including an end to oppression and equal opportunities regardless of race. The speech marks the beginning of a new era after the "extraordinary human disaster" of apartheid.

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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom Mandela became the first black President of South Africa in 1994 after decades of apartheid rule. He thanked international leaders who supported the new republic of equality. Mandela set out ideals for South Africa's future including an end to oppression and equal opportunities regardless of race. The speech marks the beginning of a new era after the "extraordinary human disaster" of apartheid.

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    111 views2 pages

    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom

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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom Mandela became the first black President of South Africa in 1994 after decades of apartheid rule. He thanked international leaders who supported the new republic of equality. Mandela set out ideals for South Africa's future including an end to oppression and equal opportunities regardless of race. The speech marks the beginning of a new era after the "extraordinary human disaster" of apartheid.

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    Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom

    Q1. Where did the ceremonies take place can you name any public buildings in India that are made
    of sandstone?
    Ans. The inaugural took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre formed by the union buildings in
    Pretoria. For decades this had been the seat of white supremacy. In India we have many buildings
    which are made of sandstone. They are the Parliament, the Rashtrapati Bhavan and the Red Fort in
    Delhi.

    Q2. Can you say how May 10 is an autumn day in South Africa?
    Ans. In South Africa, 10th of May was an autumn day, literally as Well as symbolically. In autumn
    trees leave old and rotten leaves and after that new leaves with fresh colours are born. .
    Symbolically, old and rotten system of apartheid was coming to an end. A new Republic based on
    equality of men, colours and races was taking birth on 10 May during the autumn.

    Q3. At the beginning of his speech, Mandela mentions “an extraordinary human disaster”. What
    does he mean by this? What is the glorious human achievement he speaks of at the end?
    Ans. At the beginning of the speech, Mandela calls the apartheid regime based on racial
    discrimination as an extraordinary human disaster. The people were deprived of justice, peace and
    human dignity. Now the new Republic ensures social justice, equality and human dignity. Never will
    South Africa see any exploitation of men by men and racial discrimination.

    Q4. What does Mandela thank the international leaders for?


    Ans. Nelson Mandela thanks the international leaders for sharing a common cause. By participating
    in the ceremony, they have supported the new republic where there will be no discrimination based
    on race and colour. He thanks the international leaders for sharing a common victory for justice, for
    peace and for human dignity.

    Q5. What ideals does he set out for the future of South Africa?
    Ans. (i) Nelson Mandela sets out many ideals for the future of South Africa. First of all, the hated
    regime of apartheid based on racial discrimination which will come to end forever.
    (ii) The blacks or any people will not Suffer exploitation and oppression by the white people.
    (iii) The new Republic will be based on justice, peace and human dignity. There will be equal
    opportunities for all irrespective of the race, colour or sex.

    Q1. What do the military generals do? How has their attitude changed, and why?
    Ans. Nelson Mandela remembers how the generals of the South African Army and the high police
    officers were employed to arrest him and the other leaders of the blacks only some time ago. Now
    the same officers bedecked with ribbons and medals were saluting him and showing their loyalty
    towards him. The end of the apartheid regime has brought all these changes in them.

    Q2. Why were two national anthems sung?


    Ans. The Republic of South Africa consists of two major constituents the blacks and the whites. It
    was thought necessary to show respect to the sentiments of both these communities. Playing their
    two national anthems symbolised their unity. The whites sang ‘ Nkosi Sckelel-I Africa’ and the blacks
    sang ‘Die Stem’, the old anthem.

    Q3. How does Mandela describe the systems of government in his country (i) in the first decade; and
    (ii) in the final decade, of the 20th century
    Ans. After the Boer war, the hated the apartheid, regime was introduced in South Africa it was based
    on racial discrimination and segregation. It caused untold sufferings and the most inhumane
    behaviour with the blacks in South Africa. However, things completely changed with the end of the
    apartheid regime and inauguration of the Republican government led by Nelson Mandela. In the
    new set up, all enjoyed justice, peace, equality and human dignity irrespective of their race or
    colour.

    Q4. What does courage mean to Mandela?


    Ans. Courage has a wider and deeper significance for Nelson Mandela. It is not merely limited to
    physical acts of bravery and boldness. By courage, Mandela means the victory over fear. It is our
    mental strength that helps us in becoming really brave. A brave man is not he who is never afraid
    but he who conquers fear.

    Q5. What does he think is natural, to love or to hate?


    Ans. Mandela thinks that no one is born hating another person because of his race, colour, skin or
    religion. People must learn to hate, and if they learn to hate they can be taught to love. Mandela
    thinks that love comes more naturally to the human heart than hate.

    Thinking About The Text

    Q1. Why did such a large number of International leaders attend the inauguration? What did it
    signify the triumph of?
    Ans. Many international leaders attended the ceremonial event wherein Nelson Mandela became
    the first black President of South Africa. This was an honouring gesture of unity among the
    individuals of the nation and making the country racial free. In short, it was the end of the era of
    social segregation. It indicated the win of good over evil, the triumph of the idea of an open minded
    society without discrimination on any grounds.

    Q2. What does Mandela mean when he says he is “simply the sum of all those African patriots” who
    had gone before him?
    Ans. Nelson Mandela wants to pay his tribute to all those people who had sacrificed their lives for
    the sake of freedom. He believes that he was motivated and inspired by these patriots of Africa.
    Moreover he is on the path of fighting over the society to get rid of discrimination.

    Q3. Would you agree that the “depths of oppression” create “heights of character”? How does
    Mandela illustrate this? Can you add your own examples to this argument ?
    Ans. Undoubtedly it is true that depths of oppression create heights of character. Nelson Mandela
    strongly exemplifies this idea by sharing experiences and struggles of great patriots and heroes who
    had intently struggled and sacrificed their precious lives to get the freedom of south Africa. Most of
    the prominent strugglers were the Oliver Tambos, the Usuf Dadoos, the Walter Sisulus, the chief
    Luthulus and many more. Indeed India also embraces us with glorious victories by Chandra Shekhar
    Azad, Mohandas Karam Chand Gandhi. Subhash Chandra Bose and many more. Undoubtedly the
    cruelty and domination of colonialism created several men of such character.

    Q4. How did Mandela’s understanding for freedom change with age and experience?
    Ans. Nelson Mandela’s understanding of freedom changed with age and experience. When he was a
    young boy, freedom for him was mere running across the fields or to swim fearlessly in the stream.
    With the advent of time and age, he sooner or later realised that it was merely a perception and felt
    that

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